Development of New IMO Type B Tank Based on the Results of Cryogenic Material Property Tests

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang Seok Kim ◽  
Chang Youl Park ◽  
Joong Kyoo Kang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Crack Propagation ◽  
Material Property ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Fracture Analysis ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Type B ◽  
Near Future

As the LNG industry is rapidly growing, the demand of FLNG (Floating LNG) is also increasing. Since the medium to long-term forecasts predict a shortage of LNG supply, the introduction of offshore LNG production can be seen in the near future. In recent, DSME has developed the new IMO type B tank (ACTIB: Aluminum Cargo Tank Independent type B) considering the cryogenic material properties. This paper describes engineering works done during the ACTIB development. A lot of engineering works were carried out from the basic scantling of the tank to characteristic works for IMO type B tank such as thermal stress, crack propagation & fracture analysis and leak & drip tray design concept. As a result of study, DSME received AIP from DNV and could unveil the ACTIB to the market.

Effect of Heat Generation on Fatigue-Crack Propagation of Solder in Power Devices

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinji Hiramitsu ◽  
Hiroshi Shintani ◽  
Takahiro Satake ◽  
Hisashi Tanie
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Crack Propagation ◽  
Fatigue Test ◽  
Thermal Fatigue ◽  
Heat Transfer Analysis ◽  
Power Devices ◽  
Thermal Fatigue Test ◽  
Propagation Analysis

Power devices are used in inverters in a variety of electrical equipment, for instance, hybrid-power cars, electric vehicles, and generators. These types of equipment are used to decrease the negative impact on the environment, and thus, the power devices need to function effectively as electric power converters for the long-term stability of the equipment. In short, the long-term reliability, i.e., the life, of the power device is important, and a high level of reliability is required. In the development process of power devices, it is necessary to conduct thermal fatigue tests to evaluate the reliability. However, such tests are extended over a long period of time, which makes it difficult to shorten the development period. Therefore, a simulation technique needs to be developed to forecast the life of a thermal fatigue test in order to reduce the development period. During the thermal fatigue test, thermal stress is caused by differences in the line expansion coefficient between solder joint materials. Thermal stress causes crack generation and propagation in solder. The thermal resistance of a device increases steadily as the cracks grow. This raises the temperature of the device and increases thermal stress. As a result, crack propagation is accelerated. However, conventional crack propagation analysis does not take this phenomenon into account. We developed a method of crack propagation analysis that takes into account the changes in thermal and electrical boundary conditions resulting from the crack propagation. The method is a combination of electrical conduction analysis, heat transfer analysis, and crack propagation analysis. The boundary condition of the heat transfer analysis is determined from the results of the electrical conduction analysis. The boundary condition of the crack propagation analysis is determined from the results of the heat transfer analysis. The crack propagation behavior in solder is calculated by repeating these analyses. This method reproduces the drastic increase in thermal resistance in the latter part of the thermal fatigue test, and the results agree well with the experimental results. We confirmed that the temperature distribution of the device changes as the crack propagates and that thermal and electrical coupled analysis has a major effect on the prediction of fatigue life of power device products. We also revealed that the thermal fatigue life is affected by the position of the heat source and cracks.

CONSTOR® Transport and Storage Cask for Spent Fuel and for High Active Waste

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Diersch ◽  
Robert Gartz ◽  
Konrad Gluschke
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Type B ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Active Waste ◽  
Intermediate Storage ◽  
Near Future ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Rbmk Fuel

Abstract The CONSTOR® was developed with special consideration to an economical and effective way of manufacturing by using conventional mechanical engineering technologies and common materials. The main objective of this development was to fabricate these casks in countries not having highly specialized industries for casting or forging of thick-walled casks. Nevertheless, the CONSTOR® concept fulfills both the internationally valid IAEA criteria for transportation and the German criteria for long-term intermediate storage. The basic cask concept has been designed for adaptation to different spent fuel specifications as well as handling conditions in the NPPs. Adaptations have been made for spent fuel from RBMK and VVER reactors, and also for BWR spent fuel and high active waste. So far, 30 CONSTOR® RBMK-1500 original casks have been manufactured and delivered to Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant in Lithuania. Two of these have been succesfully loaded during hot trial tests and placed in storage. The CONSTOR® cask for RBMK fuel has obtained the type B(U)F verification certificate from the Russian authority GAN and the release for manufacturing as a storage cask by the Lithuanian Authority VATESI. Following the successful hot trials, the final storage license from VATESI is expected in the near future. The type B(U)F licensing in the Czech Republic will be finished in 2001.

Spontaneous Crack Propagation Along Functionally Graded Bimaterial Interfaces

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhirendra V. Kubair ◽  
B. Bhanu-Chandar
Keyword(s):  
Crack Propagation ◽  
Material Property ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Propagation Speed ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Hardening Material ◽  
Property Variation ◽  
Material Inhomogeneity ◽  
Crack Propagation Speed ◽  
Mode 3

The effects of spatially varying the material properties on the mode-3 planar crack propagation characteristics are numerically investigated. The spectral scheme that is available for homogeneous materials is modified to account for the asymmetrically varying material properties. Crack propagation along the interface of a functionally graded bimaterial system has been simulated. A parametric study was performed by systematically varying the material inhomogeneity length scale independently in the two half-spaces. Our study indicated that softening type graded materials reduce the resistance to fracture, while a hardening material offers higher fracture resistance with increase in inhomogeneity. Only the transient phase of crack propagation speed was affected by the material property variation, irrespective of whether the material was hardening, softening or an asymmetric type. The crack always reached a quasi-steady-state velocity, which remained unaffected by the material property inhomogeneity.

Demographic gaps between Syrian and the European populations: What do they suggest?

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Murat Yucesahin ◽  
Ibrahim Sirkeci
Keyword(s):  
Transition Theory ◽  
World Population ◽  
Demographic Analysis ◽  
Demographic Differences ◽  
Syrian Crisis ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Syrian Population ◽  
Displaced People ◽  
Near Future

Syrian crisis resulted in at least 6.1 million externally displaced people 983,876 of whom are in Europe while the rest are in neighbouring countries in the region. Turkey, due to its geographical proximity and substantial land borders with the country, has been the most popular destination for those fleeing Syria since April 2011. Especially after 2012, a sharp increase in the number of Syrian refugees arriving in Turkey was witnessed. This has triggered an exponential growth in academic and public interest in Syrian population. Numerous reports mostly based on non-representative sample surveys have been disseminated whilst authoritative robust analyses remained absent. This study aims to fill this gap by offering a comprehensive demographic analysis of the Syrian population. We focus on the demographic differences (from 1950s to 2015) and demographic trends (from 2015 to 2100) in medium to long term, based on data from World Population Prospects (WPP). We offer a comparative picture to underline potential changes and convergences between populations in Syria, Turkey, Germany, and the United Kingdom. We frame our discussion here with reference to the demographic transition theory to help understanding the implications for movers and non-movers in receiving countries in the near future.

Penataan Terminal Tipe B Kabupaten Sukabumi

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-42
Author(s):  
Wiyoga Triharto ◽  
Bambang Perkasa Alam
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Type B ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Future Needs ◽  
Terminal Design ◽  
Transportation Facilities ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Ratu harbor beach is one of the mainstay tourist sites for the Regional Government of Sukabumi Regency in bringing PAD, besides public transportation facilities and terminals have a major role in supporting the queen port as a tourist attraction so that tourists are comfortable and facilitated in accessing through public transportation. The condition of the Pelabuhan Ratu Terminal, Sukabumi Regency is currently very poor, poorly maintained, and many supporting facilities are damaged and inadequate. This study aims to identify problems and formulate the type B terminal arrangement in Sukabumi Regency. The method used is descriptive qualitative in order to get a picture of the problems of the situation and conditions currently taking place or occurring in the present and the study of policies. Collecting data by field surveys, literature studies and interviews. The results in this study get a terminal B type terminal design concept Sukabumi Regency according to current and future needs.

The effects of thermal stress on the crack propagation in AP1000 reactor pressure vessel

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 102798
Author(s):  
KaiTai Liu ◽  
Mei Huang ◽  
JunJie Lin ◽  
HaiPeng Jiang ◽  
BoXue Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Crack Propagation ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Reactor Pressure Vessel ◽  
Ap1000 Reactor ◽  
Reactor Pressure

Influence of Sex on Outcomes After Thoracic Endovascular Repair for Type B Aortic Dissection

Angiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 000331972098795
Author(s):  
Songyuan Luo ◽  
Yi Zhu ◽  
Enmin Xie ◽  
Huanyu Ding ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Dissection ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Type B ◽  
Type B Aortic Dissection ◽  
Landing Zone ◽  
End Point ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Long Term Mortality

We aimed to investigate whether sex differences influence the clinical outcomes of patients who undergo thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for type B aortic dissection (TBAD). We retrospectively analyzed a prospectively maintained single-center cohort of patients with TBAD who underwent TEVAR between January 2010 and June 2017. We evaluated the in-hospital and long-term mortality and composite end point. Of the 913 patients, 793 (86.8%) were male and 120 (13.1%) were female. Compared to male patients, the female patients were older, more likely to have diabetes mellitus, but less likely to smoke or have hypertension. The proximal landing zone in 0 and 1 was higher in male patients ( P = .023), who were more likely to require an aortic arch bypass. Endoleak, delirium, and ICU stay after stent-graft implantation were also more frequent in men. Sex factor was not associated with in-hospital or long-term mortality or the composite end point in the multivariable regression analyses and Cox regression model. The mean estimated survival time was similar between males and females (2462.9 ± 141.2 vs 2804.1 ± 117.4 days, P = .167) in the propensity score–matched cohort. Despite distinct characteristics between sex, there was no sex-related difference in long-term clinical outcomes after TEVAR for TBAD.

scholarly journals Correctable biliary atresia and cholangiocarcinoma: a case report of a 63-year-old patient

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Nio ◽  
Motoshi Wada ◽  
Hideyuki Sasaki ◽  
Hiromu Tanaka ◽  
Masatoshi Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Liver Tumors ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Porta Hepatis ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Cancer Occurrence ◽  
Long Term Survivors ◽  
Near Future

Abstract Background Although cancer occurrence following surgery for biliary atresia has gradually increased, the development of cholangiocarcinoma in a native liver survivor of biliary atresia is extremely rare. Case presentation A 3-month-old female patient with the correctable type of biliary atresia underwent a cystoduodenostomy. At 16 years of age, she underwent multiple surgeries including lysis of intestinal adhesions, ileostomy, and gastrojejunostomy at another hospital. At 54 years of age, she underwent lithotomy at the porta hepatis, resection of the residual cystic bile duct with gallbladder, and hepaticojejunostomy in Roux-en-Y fashion. As she approached the age of 63, her computed tomography scan showed no liver tumors. In the following year, she developed cholangiocarcinoma at the porta hepatis and underwent chemotherapy. However, the cancer progressed, and she died before she reached the age of 64 years. Conclusions Cholangiocarcinoma is extremely rare in patients with biliary atresia. However, physicians should follow up patients with biliary atresia as closely as possible, as malignant tumors secondary to biliary atresia may increase in number in the near future because of the growing number of long-term survivors with biliary atresia.

Time-Dependent Changes in Excitability After One-Trial Conditioning of Hermissenda

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 3460-3464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Crow ◽  
Vilma Siddiqi
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependent ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type B ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Phototactic Behavior ◽  
Parallel Processes ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
A Site ◽  
Different Levels

Crow, Terry and Vilma Siddiqi. Time-dependent changes in excitability after one-trial conditioning of Hermissenda. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 3460–3464, 1997. The visual system of Hermissenda has been studied extensively as a site of cellular plasticity produced by classical conditioning. A one-trial conditioning procedure consisting of light paired with the application of serotonin (5-HT) to the exposed, but otherwise intact, nervous system produces suppression of phototactic behavior tested 24 h after conditioning. Short- and long-term enhancement (STE and LTE) of excitability in identified type B photoreceptors is a cellular correlate of one-trial conditioning. LTE can be expressed in the absence of STE suggesting that STE and LTE may be parallel processes. To examine the development of enhancement, we studied its time-dependent alterations after one-trial conditioning. Intracellular recordings from identified type B photoreceptors of independent groups collected at different times after conditioning revealed that enhanced excitability follows a biphasic pattern in its development. The analysis of spikes elicited by 2 and 30 s extrinsic current pulses at different levels of depolarization showed that enhancement reached a peak 3 h after conditioning. From its peak, excitability decreased toward baseline control levels 5–6 h after conditioning followed by an increase to a stable plateau at 16 to 24 h postconditioning. Excitability changes measured in cells from unpaired control groups showed maximal changes 1 h posttreatment that rapidly decremented within 2 h. The conditioned stimulus (CS) elicited significantly more spikes 24 h postconditioning for the conditioned group as compared with the unpaired control group. The analysis of the time-dependent development of enhancement may reveal the processes underlying different stages of memory for this associative experience.

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