Additive Manufacturing of Magnetic Field-Responsive Smart Polymer Composites

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayue Pan ◽  
Lu Lu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Smart Polymer ◽  
Manufacturing Process Planning ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Projection Stereolithography

In this paper, an additive manufacturing process, named Magnetic Field-assisted Projection Stereolithography (M-PSL), is presented for applications such as fabricating magnetic field-responsive smart polymer composites. The 3D printed magnetic field-responsive smart polymer composite creates a wide range of motions, opening up possibilities for various new applications, like sensing and actuation in soft robotics, biomedical devices, and autonomous systems. In M-PSL process, a certain amount of nano- or micro-scale ferromagnetic particles is deposited into resin vat with a programmable microdeposition nozzle. Then a magnetic field is applied to direct the magnetic particles to the desired area. After that, digital mask images are used to cure particles in photopolymer with certain patterns. Important issues like magnetic particle movements, curing mechanisms, and manufacturing process planning are discussed. Two test cases, an impeller and a two-wheel roller, have been successfully fabricated for remote control under external magnetic field, showing the capability of printed smart polymer composites on performing desired functions.

Magnetic-Field-Assisted Projection Stereolithography for Three-Dimensional Printing of Smart Structures

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Lu ◽  
Ping Guo ◽  
Yayue Pan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Smart Polymer ◽  
Liquid Polymer ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Projection Stereolithography

In this paper, an additive manufacturing (AM) process, magnetic field-assisted projection stereolithography (M-PSL), is developed for 3D printing of three-dimensional (3D) smart polymer composites. The 3D-printed magnetic field-responsive smart polymer composite creates a wide range of motions, opening up possibilities for various new applications, like sensing and actuation in soft robotics, biomedical devices, and autonomous systems. In the proposed M-PSL process, a certain amount of nano- or microsized ferromagnetic particles is deposited in liquid polymer by using a programmable microdeposition nozzle. An external magnetic field is applied to direct the magnetic particles to the desired position and to form the desired orientation and patterns. After that, a digital mask image is used to cure particles in photopolymer with desired distribution patterns. The magnetic-field-assisted projection stereolithography (M-PSL) manufacturing process planning, testbed, and materials are discussed. Three test cases, an impeller, a two-wheel roller, and a flexible film, were performed to verify and validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed process. They were successfully fabricated and remote controls of the printed samples were demonstrated, showing the capability of printed smart polymer composites on performing desired functions.

Additive Manufacturing of Magnetically Loaded Polymer Composites: An Experimental Study for Process Development

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balakrishnan Nagarajan ◽  
Alejandro F. Eufracio Aguilera ◽  
Ahmed Qureshi ◽  
Pierre Mertiny
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Droplet Deformation ◽  
Particle Settling ◽  
Droplet Stability ◽  
Particle Alignment ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Material jetting is an additive manufacturing technique that allows to produce three-dimensional solid parts without tooling and with minimum material wastage. In this context, magnetically loaded polymer composites with oriented magnetic particles are promising for many electrical and electronic applications. In this study, permanent magnet based alignment configurations were evaluated and compared in terms of different magnetic flux density using the finite element method. The particle alignment in cured droplet specimens and the stability of magnetically loaded polymer droplets deposited on a substrate were characterized for a material jetting based additive manufacturing process. Particle alignment and droplet deformation under the influence of the magnetic field was captured using real-time optical microscopy. The influence of rheological additives in controlling droplet stability in the magnetic field and mitigating particle settling were studied through experiments. The primary goal of this research was to identify parameters that facilitate high particle alignment, and material combinations that enhance droplet stability and mitigate particle settling. This fundamental research serves to enhance the understanding of processes and material behaviour for material jetting based additive manufacturing.

Optimal control and design of magnetic field-responsive smart polymer composites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ortigosa ◽  
J. Martínez-Frutos ◽  
C. Mora-Corral ◽  
P. Pedregal ◽  
F. Periago
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Optimal Control ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Smart Polymer

scholarly journals Effect of Magnetic Field and Aggregation on Electrical Characteristics of Magnetically Responsive Suspensions for Novel Hybrid Liquid Capacitor

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunio Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Nonlinear Response ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Particle Aggregation ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
Wide Range

Magnetically responsive fluid based on polymers of natural rubber (NR-latex) involves a magnetic compound fluid (MCF) rubber liquid. For a wide range of engineering applications of suspensions or liquids with particles, their electrical characteristics of fluidic suspensions are investigated to obtain useful results that might be important in the study of devices, such as fluidic sensors and capacitors. The author of the present paper proposes that MCF rubber liquid can be produced by combining MCF and rubber latex. The influence of the aggregation of magnetic particles and rubber molecules on electrical characteristics under a magnetic field was investigated by measuring electrical properties under an applied voltage. The electrical characteristics change with a linear or a nonlinear response, based on conditions of particle aggregation. The capacity of the electric charge also changes with the conditions of particle aggregation. These results show that MCF rubber liquid is a novel hybrid capacitor.

A High-Fidelity Thermal Model for a Novel Droplet-Based Additive Manufacturing Process for Polymers

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Schroeffer ◽  
Thomas Maciuga ◽  
Konstantin Struebig ◽  
Tim C. Lueth
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Thermal Model ◽  
Polymer Melt ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Mechanical Component ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Working Principle

Abstract The claim in additive manufacturing (AM) changes from simply producing prototypes as show objects to the fabrication of final parts and products in small volume batches. Thereby the focus is on freedom of material, dimensional accuracy and mechanical component properties. A novel extrusion-based AM technology has been developed focusing on these issues. The working principle is to form spheres from a thermoplastic polymer melt and build parts by single droplets. The material preprocessing is similar to the injection molding technology and enables a wide range of different thermoplastic polymers as build materials. With the droplet-based working principle high mechanical component properties and dimensional accuracy can be reached compared to similar processes. Further improvements to the process need a detailed knowledge of the physical effects during the build process. The temperature distribution during the manufacturing process determines at which temperature material is fused and how solidification takes place and shrinkage can occur or is suppressed. Thus, it has a significant influence on the mechanical properties and warpage effects of produced parts. In this work a thermal model is presented that describes the heat transfer during the build process. The necessary input data are the material properties and a print job description including the part geometry and building strategy. The basic idea is to simulate each single droplet deposition by applying a dynamic Finite Element Method. All relevant heat transfer effects are analyzed and represented in the model. The model was validated with measurements using a thermal imaging camera. Several measurements were performed during the build process and compared to the simulation results. A high accuracy could be reached with an average model error of about 4° Celsius and a maximal error of 10° Celsius.

Investigation of the Influence of Consequential Design Parameters on the Mechanical Performance of Biodegradable Bone Scaffolds, Fabricated Using Pneumatic Micro-Extrusion Additive Manufacturing Process

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daguan Zhao ◽  
Mohan Yu ◽  
Logan Lawrence ◽  
Pier Paolo Claudio ◽  
James B. Day ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Bone Scaffolds ◽  
Material Deposition ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Pneumatic micro-extrusion (PME) is a high-resolution direct-write additive manufacturing process, which has emerged as the process of choice for tissue engineering and biofabrication of a broad spectrum of organs and tissues (e.g., bone, aortic valve, blood vessels, human ear, and nose). Despite the advantages and host of biomedical applications engendered by the PME process — including, for example, (i) accommodation of a wide range of material viscosity (enabled via thermopneumatic material deposition), (ii) large build volume and standoff distance for tissue engineering, (iii) in situ UV curing, and (iv) high-resolution multimaterial deposition — there are intrinsically complex design, material, and process factors as well as interactions, which influence the functional properties of PME-fabricated tissues and organs. Consequently, investigation of the impact and interaction of each factor aligned with establishment of a physics-based, optimal material deposition regime is inevitably a burgeoning need. In this study, using the Taguchi design, the influence of four significant factors, i.e., layer height, infill density, infill pattern, and print speed, is investigated on the compression properties as well as the dimensional accuracy of polycaprolactone (PCL) bone scaffolds, fabricated using the PME process. Furthermore, a 3D, transient two-phase flow CFD model is forwarded with the aim to observe the flow of material within the deposition head as well as the micro-capillary (nozzle). The results of this study pave the way for further investigation of the bio-functional properties of bone scaffolds, e.g., biodegradation, cell proliferation and growth rate.

Computational Geometric Solutions for Efficient Additive Manufacturing Process Planning

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anoop Verma ◽  
Rahul Rai
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Process Planning ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
Manufacturing Process Planning ◽  
Build Time ◽  
Time Accuracy ◽  
Geometric Solutions

Additive manufacturing processes are capable of printing parts with any shape and complexity. The parts fabricated with additive manufacturing processes requires minimum human intervention. Process planning decisions play an important role in making sure the fabricated parts meets the desired specification, including the build time and cost. A quick and unified approach to quantify the manufacturing build time, accuracy, and cost in real time is lacking. In the present research, a generic and near real-time framework for unified additive manufacturing process planning is presented. We have developed computational geometric solutions to estimate tight upper bound of manufacturing process planning decisions that can be analyzed in almost real time. Results of developed computational approach are compared against the optimized process plans to ensure its applicability. Case studies comprising of numerous parts with varying shape, and application area is also outlined.

scholarly journals Activity Modeling of Preliminary Additive Manufacturing Process Planning

Procedia CIRP ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 874-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shervin Kadkhoda-Ahmadi ◽  
Alaa Hassan ◽  
Elnaz Asadollahi-Yazdi
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Process Planning ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Manufacturing Process Planning ◽  
Activity Modeling
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document