Characterization of Forces in High-Speed Bone Cutting and Grinding for Haptics Rendering

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Danda ◽  
Yi Tang Kao ◽  
Mathew A. Kuttolamadom ◽  
Bruce L. Tai
Keyword(s):  
Feed Rate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Force Feedback ◽  
Identical Condition ◽  
Tool Orientation ◽  
Force Magnitude ◽  
Force Profile ◽  
Grinding Conditions ◽  
Surgical Simulations

This study characterizes the forces in high-speed bone cutting and grinding for the use of haptic devices in surgical simulations. Unrealistic force feedback due to the lack of vibrational features is one of the most common drawbacks. Generally, the force profile can be decomposed to a mean force and a vibrational force magnitude. These forces are experimentally measured under various motions, including feed rate and tool orientation, to mimic manual operations and to understand the effects of these parameters. Change in feed rate was found to be insignificant in the overall force feedback, while the change in tool orientation showed statistically significant effects. The grinding burr and cutting burr also exhibited different forces under an identical condition. The explanation for the behavior of the forces based on the cutting and grinding conditions is discussed along with the results.

The Grinding Temperature of Alumina Ceramic in High Speed Deep Grinding (HSDG)

2011 ◽  
Vol 487 ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.Z. Xie ◽  
Xiao Min Sheng ◽  
Tan Jin ◽  
Zhen Tao Shang ◽  
Y. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Energy Flux ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Alumina Ceramic ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Temperature ◽  
Grinding Conditions ◽  
Zone Temperature

The grinding temperature in wheel-workpiece contact zone in HSDG of alumina ceramic was measured using the grindable K type thermocouple. Effects of the grinding conditions, including wheel velocity, feed rate and depth of cut, on the temperature were investigated. The results indicate that the grinding temperatures measured under different grinding conditions varied from 100 to 300 °C. The grinding zone temperature exhibits a reasonably linear relationship with the average energy flux, i.e. the higher the energy flux, the higher the corresponding grinding zone temperature will be.

Fabrication and characterization of novel high-speed InGaAs/InP uni-traveling-carrier photodetector for high responsivity

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 108506
Author(s):  
Qing-Tao Chen ◽  
Yong-Qing Huang ◽  
Jia-Rui Fei ◽  
Xiao-Feng Duan ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Responsivity ◽  
Fabrication And Characterization

Cutting Temperature and Cutting Forces Investigation Based on the Taguchi Design Method when High-Speed Milling of Titanium Matrix Composites with PCD Tool

2016 ◽  
Vol 836-837 ◽  
pp. 168-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Fei Ge ◽  
Hai Xiang Huan ◽  
Jiu Hua Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Cutting Temperature ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
High Speed Milling ◽  
Radial Depth

High-speed milling tests were performed on vol. (5%-8%) TiCp/TC4 composite in the speed range of 50-250 m/min using PCD tools to nvestigate the cutting temperature and the cutting forces. The results showed that radial depth of cut and cutting speed were the two significant influences that affected the cutting forces based on the Taguchi prediction. Increasing radial depth of cut and feed rate will increase the cutting force while increasing cutting speed will decrease the cutting force. Cutting force increased less than 5% when the reinforcement volume fraction in the composites increased from 0% to 8%. Radial depth of cut was the only significant influence factor on the cutting temperature. Cutting temperature increased with the increasing radial depth of cut, feed rate or cutting speed. The cutting temperature for the titanium composites was 40-90 °C higher than that for the TC4 matrix. However, the cutting temperature decreased by 4% when the reinforcement's volume fraction increased from 5% to 8%.

Characterization of Sulfur-Cured Styrene-Butadiene Copolymer Rubbers and Their Polybutadiene Blends

1970 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1332-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Clark ◽  
R. A. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Disulfide ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Rubber Blends ◽  
Cast Films ◽  
Micro Structures ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Abstract Dissolution of sulfur-cured, carbon black-loaded copolymers and their blends with cis-1,4-polybutadiene (PBD) are brought about by boiling with o-dichlorobenzene which contains a small amount of 2,2′-dibenzamidodiphenyl disulfide. The resulting slurries are subjected to a sequence of separations which include high-speed centrifugation to remove solids, and solvent precipitation followed by filtration to isolate the precipitates. The precipitates are washed with solvent to remove soluble organic materials followed by carbon disulfide washing to dissolve the polymers. Cast films of the polymers are obtained by evaporating the carbon disulfide washings onto sodium chloride discs. The infrared spectra of the cast films of these preparations are very similar to those of their respective polymers prior to loading and curing. Calculations for relative concentrations of bound styrene and PBD micro-structures permit nominal identification of the kinds of styrene-butadiene rubber and the amounts of cis-1,4-PBD used in a cured rubber formulation. Absorption bands used are near 3.35 μ for cis-1,4-PBD, 6.65 μ for bound styrene, 10.35 μ for trans-1,4-PBD; and 11.0 μ for vinyl-1,2-PBD. Efforts are being made to improve the data by using a grating infrared instrument and also to extend the calibrations to include other rubber blends.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document