Current Status of Peel Grinding Technology

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Hitchiner
Keyword(s):  
Hard Turning ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Rough Machining ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Batch Production ◽  
Plunge Grinding ◽  
Finish Turning ◽  
Soft State ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
High Work

Paper reviews the development of peel grinding from what was once a highly specialized process for finishing small hardened ferrous materials involving CBN grain in an ultra-tough metal bonded wheel requiring ultra-high work and wheel speeds in oil coolant for small batch production to replace plunge grinding. Recent developments are now questioning the need for the bond resilience with its attending difficulties of dressing, oil coolant, hard workpieces, or even high wheel or work speeds. The process has progressed to now challenge not only plunge grinding but other machining processes including rough machining of billets, hard turning and finish turning of steels in the soft state. The use of peel grinding is also considered in combination with other machining processes.

Recent Developments in the Downstream Processing of Phycobiliproteins from Algae: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayekpam Chandralekha Devi ◽  
G. K. Hamsavi ◽  
Simran Sahota ◽  
Rochak Mittal ◽  
Hrishikesh A. Tavanandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Downstream Processing ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Cell Wall Disruption ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Macro Algae

Abstract: Algae (both micro and macro) have gained huge attention in the recent past for their high commercial value products. They are the source of various biomolecules of commercial applications ranging from nutraceuticals to fuels. Phycobiliproteins are one such high value low volume compounds which are mainly obtained from micro and macro algae. In order to tap the bioresource, a significant amount of work has been carried out for large scale production of algal biomass. However, work on downstream processing aspects of phycobiliproteins (PBPs) from algae is scarce, especially in case of macroalgae. There are several difficulties in cell wall disruption of both micro and macro algae because of their cell wall structure and compositions. At the same time, there are several challenges in the purification of phycobiliproteins. The current review article focuses on the recent developments in downstream processing of phycobiliproteins (mainly phycocyanins and phycoerythrins) from micro and macroalgae. The current status, the recent advancements and potential technologies (that are under development) are summarised in this review article besides providing future directions for the present research area.

scholarly journals Developments in the production of economics PhDs at four research-intensive universities in South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol Volume 113 (Number 3/4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip de Jager ◽  
Liezel Frick ◽  
Pieter van der Spuy ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Doctoral Education ◽  
Academic Departments ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Data Set ◽  
International Trends ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Notable Increase

Abstract There is a national drive to increase PhD production, yet we know little about how this imperative takes shape within different disciplines. We therefore set out to explore recent developments and the current status of the PhD in economics at four South African research-intensive universities. A data set of all economics PhDs produced in these commerce faculties during the period 2008–2014 was analysed to determine whether the departments of economics responded to the call for increased doctoral production, and the role the PhD by publication might have played in the process. How an increase in quantity might influence doctoral education in the respective academic departments was also considered by supplementing the quantitative data with perspectives from heads of department at the four institutions. The notable increase in doctoral production over the time period studied shows that national and international trends have influenced doctoral education in economics departments within South African research-intensive universities. Increased usage of the PhD by publication has implications for policy and pedagogical practice within these departments, especially as there seems to be limited available supervisory capacity. Other changes in departmental practices, such as the entrenchment of a research culture and the promotion of collaborative research amongst students and staff, also contributed to maintain quality in doctoral education.

scholarly journals Development and Application of Resistance Strain Force Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 5826
Author(s):  
Yinming Zhao ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Yongqian Li ◽  
Qun Hao
Keyword(s):  
Stress Transfer ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Resistance Strain ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Force Sensors ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Creep Effect ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sustained Loads ◽  
Recent Developments

Resistance strain force sensors have been applied to monitor the strains in various parts and structures for industrial use. Here, we review the working principles, structural forms, and fabrication processes for resistance strain gauges. In particular, we focus on recent developments in resistance stress transfer for resistance strain force sensors and the creep effect due to sustained loads and/or temperature variations. Various error compensation methods to reduce the creep effect are analyzed to develop a metrology standard for resistance strain force sensors. Additionally, the current status of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), silicon carbide (SiC), gallium nitride (GaN), and other wide band gap semiconductors for a wide range of strain sensors are reviewed. The technical requirements and key issues of resistance strain force sensors for future applications are presented.

scholarly journals Recent Developments and Current Status of Commercial Production of Fuel Ethanol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuan-Dung Hoang ◽  
Nhuan Nghiem
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Commercial Scale ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Developments

Ethanol produced from various biobased sources (bioethanol) has been gaining high attention lately due to its potential to cut down net emissions of carbon dioxide while reducing burgeoning world dependence on fossil fuels. Global ethanol production has increased more than six-fold from 18 billion liters at the turn of the century to 110 billion liters in 2019 (1,2). Sugar cane and corn have been used as the major feedstocks for ethanol production. Lignocellulosic biomass has recently been considered as another potential feedstock. This paper reviews recent developments and current status of commercial production of ethanol across the world. The review includes the ethanol production processes used for each type of feedstock, both currently practiced at commercial scale and newly developed technologies, and production trends in various regions and countries in the world.

scholarly journals Locating a New Collegiate Entrepreneurship Program, a framework for a University Campus

10.28945/4385 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 075-087
Author(s):  
Douglas H Carter
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Current Status ◽  
New Venture Creation ◽  
Venture Creation ◽  
University Campus ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
Corporate Innovation ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Developments

Entrepreneurship has emerged over the last three decades as arguable the most potent economic force the world has ever experienced. This economic expansion has paralleled rapid growth in the field of entrepreneurship education. Recent developments in curricula and programs devoted to entrepreneurship, new venture creation and corporate innovation have been remarkable. The number of colleges and universities that offer courses related to entrepreneurship has grown from a handful 35 years ago to over 3000 today. In the midst of this expansion lies the challenge of establishing and sustaining entrepreneurship programs in universities across the globe. (Morris, Kuratko & Cornwall, 2013) The literature review will help inform us of the current status of entrepreneurship programs on university campuses and provide us with some indication of any changes in the idea of where to place a new program.

scholarly journals Cutting Mechanics and Surface Finish for Turning with Differently Shaped CBN Tools

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-357
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Żak
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Hard Turning ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Material Distribution ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Turning Operations ◽  
Cutting Power ◽  
Finish Turning ◽  
Corner Radius ◽  
Relevant Material

Abstract In this paper, the basic cutting characteristics such as cutting forces, cutting power and its distribution, specific cutting energies were determined taking into account variable tool corner radius ranging from 400 to 1200 µm and constant cutting parameters typical for hard turning of a hardened 41Cr4 alloy steel of 55±1 HRC hardness. Finish turning operations were performed using chamfered CBN tools. Moreover, selected roughness profiles produced for different tool corner radius were compared and appropriate surface roughness parameters were measured. The measured values of Ra and Rz roughness parameters are compared with their theoretical values and relevant material distribution curves and bearing parameters are presented.

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