Fuzzy Logic Based Drilling Force Control in a Network-Based Application

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo E. Haber ◽  
Rodolfo Haber-Haber ◽  
Angel Alique ◽  
Agusti´n Jime´nez
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Drilling Force ◽  
Drilling Depth ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Integral Time

In order to improve efficiency of high-performance drilling processes while preserving tool life, the current study focuses on the design and implementation of an optimal fuzzy-control system for drilling force. The main topic of this study is the design and implementation of a networked fuzzy controller. The control algorithm is connected to the process through a multipoint interface (MPI) bus, a proprietary programming and communication interface for peer-to-peer networking that resembles the PROFIBUS protocol. The output (i.e., feed-rate) signal is transmitted through the MPI; therefore, network-induced delay is unavoidable. The optimal tuning of the fuzzy controller using a maximum known delay is based on the integral time absolute error (ITAE) criterion. In this study, a step in the force reference signal is considered a disturbance, and the goal is to assess how well the system follows set-point changes using the ITAE criterion. The main advantage of the approach presented herein is the design of an optimal fuzzy controller using a known maximum allowable delay to deal with uncertainties and nonlinearities in the drilling process and delays in the network-based application. In order to suppress the cutting-force increase, the feed rate is decreased gradually as the drilling depth increases, and the cutting force is quite well regulated at the given setpoint. The good transient response is verified by improvements in the integral time absolute error (11.77), integral time square error (2.912) and integral of absolute error (12.81) performance indices. Moreover, the experimental results without oscillations and overshoot corroborate that increases and fluctuations in force drilling can be suppressed despite an increase in drilling depth. Thus, the drilling process can be stabilized and the risk of drill failure can be greatly reduced through a fuzzy-control system.

Networked Fuzzy Control System for a High-Performance Drilling Process

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo E. Haber ◽  
Rodolfo Haber-Haber ◽  
Angel Escribano ◽  
Javier Escribano
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Fuzzy Control ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Drilling Force ◽  
Fuzzy Control System ◽  
Design And Implementation

In order to improve drilling efficiency while preserving tool life, the current study focuses on the design and implementation of a simple, optimal fuzzy-control system for drilling force. The main topic of this study is the design and implementation of a networked fuzzy controller. The control system consists of a two-input (force error and change of error), single-output (feed-rate increment) fuzzy controller. The control algorithm is connected to the process through a multipoint interface (MPI) bus. The output (i.e., feed-rate) signal is transmitted through the MPI; therefore, network-induced delay is unavoidable. The optimal tuning of the fuzzy controller using a maximum known delay is based on the integral time absolute error (ITAE) criterion. The main advantage of the approach presented herein is the design of a simple fuzzy controller using a known maximum allowable delay to deal with uncertainties and nonlinearities in the drilling process and delays in the network-based application. The results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy provides an excellent transient response without overshoot and a slightly higher drilling time than the CNC working alone (uncontrolled). Therefore, the fuzzy-control system reduces the influence of the increase in cutting force and torque that occurs as the drill depth increases, thus eliminating the risk of rapid drill wear and catastrophic drill breakage.

Networked Fuzzy Control System for a High-Performance Drilling Process

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo E. Haber-Guerra ◽  
Rodolfo Haber-Haber ◽  
Diego Martín Andrés ◽  
Angel Alique Palomar
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Fuzzy Control ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Reference Signal ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Fuzzy Control System ◽  
Optimal Tuning ◽  
Design And Implementation

The high-performance drilling (HPD) process has a significant impact on production in many industries, such as the automotive, die/mold and aerospace industries. However, cutting conditions for drilling are generally chosen from a machining-data handbook, requiring operator experience and skill. In order to improve drilling efficiency while preserving tool life, the current study focuses on the design and implementation of a simple, optimal fuzzy-control system for drilling force. The main topic of this study is the design and implementation of a networked fuzzy controller. The control system consists of a two-input (force error and change of error), single-output (feed-rate increment) fuzzy controller with nine control rules, the sup-product compositional operator for the compositional rule of inference, and the center of area as the defuzzification method. The control algorithm is connected to the process through a multipoint interface (MPI) bus, a proprietary programming, and communication interface for peer-to-peer networking that resembles the PROFIBUS protocol. The output (i.e., feed-rate) signal is transmitted through the MPI; therefore, network-induced delay is unavoidable. The optimal tuning of the fuzzy controller using a maximum known delay is based on the integral time absolute error (ITAE) criterion. The goal is to obtain the optimal tuning parameters for the input scaling factors while minimizing the ITAE performance index. In this study, a step in the force reference signal is considered a disturbance, and the goal is to assess how well the system follows set-point changes using the ITAE criterion. The optimization is performed using the Nelder–Mead simplex (direct search) method. The main advantage of the approach presented herein is the design of a simple fuzzy controller using a known maximum allowable delay to deal with uncertainties and nonlinearities in the drilling process and delays in the network-based application. The results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy provides an excellent transient response without overshoot and a slightly higher drilling time than the CNC working alone (uncontrolled). A major issue in high performance drilling is the increase in cutting force and torque that occurs as the drill depth increases. Therefore, the fuzzy-control system reduces the influence of these factors, thus eliminating the risk of rapid drill wear and catastrophic drill breakage.

Simulation Analysis of RuT450 Drilling Force Based on LS-DYNA Gun Drilling

2018 ◽  
Vol 764 ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Guo ◽  
W. Yang ◽  
L. Liu ◽  
X.K. Yang ◽  
Y.G. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Drilling Force ◽  
Workpiece Material ◽  
The Impact

Cutting force is one of the most important parameters in the machining process, it significantly influenced machining precision of the workpiece, power consumed in the machining process, wear of the cutting tools and so on. There are many factors that affect the cutting force, such as the performance of the workpiece material, cutting speed, usage of the cutting fluid, etc. Single factor variable method was used in this paper, RuT450 was used as workpiece, welded cemented carbide gun drill was used as cutting force and LS-DYNA was used as simulation platform to established the cutting simulation model to analyzed the impact of the cutting speed and feed rate to the drilling force. Simulation results show that, at the low speed drilling stage, drilling force increases with the increase of the feed rate and decreases with the increase of the rotation feed, from the stress cloud it could be seen that the equivalent stress near the drill tip reached the maximum in the drilling process.

Drilling Force and Chip Morphology in Drilling of PCB Supported Hole

2011 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 429-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.P. Yang ◽  
Li Xin Huang ◽  
Cheng Yong Wang ◽  
L.J. Zheng ◽  
Ping Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Rate ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Thrust Force ◽  
Chip Morphology ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Spindle Speed ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Drilling Force ◽  
Drill Bits

Supported holes of Printed circuit board (PCB) are drilled with two different drill bits. Drilling force (thrust force and torque) and chip morphology are examined at different cutting parameters, and the effects of the two drills are discussed. The results indicate that the drilling force and chip morphology are affected by the feed rate, spindle speed and drill shape. Thrust force increases with the increasing feed rate, and decreases with the increasing spindle speed. Optimization of drill geometry can reduce the thrust force significantly, and is effective in chip breaking which can improve the chip evacuation during the drilling process.

Mathematical Model of the Hole Drilling Process and Typical Automated Process of Designing Hole Drilling Operations

2013 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 221-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarosław Zubrzycki ◽  
Antoni Świć ◽  
Victor Taranenko
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Automatic Control ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Automatic Control System ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Quality Criterion ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Automated Process

The paper is devoted to the mathematical modelling and optimal control of hole drilling. Drilling feed is considered as control action while the cutting force is controlled variable. Transfer functions of the regulators were obtained, with the cutting force variance being used as quality criterion for the automatic control system. In the article has been presented also, questions connected with the structure of typical automated process projecting of the hole drilling operation. The block pattern of the typical process automated projecting was introduced. The processed algorithms of setting of the parameters of regulators according to a priori technological information and program protection were also introduced, to automate letting the process of the study of the automatic control system for the operation of the hole drilling.

scholarly journals Experimental investigation on the effect of drill quality on the performance of bone drilling

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khurshid Alam ◽  
Sujan Piya ◽  
Ahmed Al-Ghaithi ◽  
Vadim Silberschmidth
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
P Value ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Bone Drilling ◽  
Drilling Force ◽  
Grey Relational Grade ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
Response Variables

AbstractBone drilling is a well-known process in operative fracture treatment and reconstructive surgery. The cutting ability of the drill is lost when used for multiple times. In this study, the effect of different levels of drill wear on bone temperature, drilling force, torque, delamination around the drilling region and surface roughness of the hole was investigated using a series of experiments. Experimental results demonstrated that the wear of the drill is strongly related to the drilling force, torque, temperature and surface roughness of the drilled hole. Statistical analysis was performed to find the effect of various factors on multiple response variables in the bone drilling process. The favorable conditions for bone drilling are obtained when feed rate, drill speed and the roughness of the cutting edge of the drill were fixed at 30 mm, 2000 rpm and up to 2 mm, respectively. Further, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to determine the factor with a significant impact on the response variables. F-test and p-value indicated that the feed rate had the highest effect on grey relational grade followed by the roughness of the drill. This study suggests that the sharp drill along with controlled drilling speed and feed rate may be used for safe and efficient surgical drilling in bone.

Online Fuzzy Intelligent Control Based on Resultant Cutting Force in the End Milling

2011 ◽  
Vol 219-220 ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Mao Yue Li ◽  
Hong Ya Fu ◽  
Zhen Yu Han
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
End Milling ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Machining Time ◽  
Status Monitoring ◽  
Control Rules ◽  
Improve Production Quality

To improve production quality and reduce machining time, machining parameters need to be monitored and adjusted automatically in milling. An integrated controller which is modular, configurable and based on OMAC, is established. The hardware platform, resultant cutting force constraint and its fuzzy control rules have been introduced in detail. In the fuzzy controller designed, two inputs and one output are used with five fuzzy sets for the controller, and the output rate of feed-rate can be changed from 50% to 200%. This controller has the abilities of reducing fluctuation range of cutting force, adjusting feed-rate intelligently, which is a part of CNC system. The experiment results show it can realize the real time status monitoring with this system, reduce the cutting force fluctuation, and adjust the feed-rate intelligently during machining.

Drilling Force and Temperature of Bone by Surgical Drill

2010 ◽  
Vol 126-128 ◽  
pp. 779-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Xin Yang ◽  
Cheng Yong Wang ◽  
Zhe Qin ◽  
Lin Lin Xu ◽  
Yue Xian Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Drill Bit ◽  
Twist Drill ◽  
Drilling Speed ◽  
Drilling Force ◽  
Drilling Depth ◽  
High Speed Drilling ◽  
Lower Temperature

Drilling force and temperature of tibia at the high speed drilling for improving the design of surgical drills are very important. In this paper we describe experiments using pig tibia bones, measuring the drilling force and temperature of a new design of drill bit and compare the results against a twist drill. The result shows that the drilling force and temperature are affected by the feed rate and drilling speed, which vary with the drilling depth into the bone. The new surgical drill with three top cutting edges can achieve lower temperature below 47oC and lower drilling force than with the stainless steel twist drill and carbide twist drill.

In vitro comparison of conventional surgical and rotary ultrasonic bone drilling techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal Gupta ◽  
Ravinder Pal Singh ◽  
Pulak M Pandey ◽  
Ravi Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Bone Drilling ◽  
Thermal Necrosis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Drill Diameter

In orthopedic and trauma surgical operations, drilling of bone is one of the commonly used procedures performed in hospitals and is a clinical practice for fixing the fractured parts of human bones. Force, torque and temperature play a significant role during the bone drilling and decide the stability of the medical implants. Therefore, it is necessary to minimize force, torque and temperature while drilling to avoid the thermal necrosis and osteosynthesis. This study focused on studying the influence of various types of bone drilling parameters (rotational speed, feed rate, drill diameter and ultrasonic amplitude), tools (solid tool, hollow tool and conventional twist drill bit) and techniques (conventional surgical drilling, rotary ultrasonic bone drilling and rotary bone drilling) on force, torque, temperature and microcracks produced in the drilled surface of the bone. The experimental investigations were conducted on porcine bone samples to perform the comparative study. Results revealed that increasing the diameter of drill tool and feed rate results in the increase in force, torque and temperature, while low rotational speed (500 r/min) generated a low temperature, high cutting force and torque for all types of drilling processes and tools evaluated in this study. Experimental results also revealed that rotary ultrasonic bone drilling with hollow tool generated the lowest cutting force, torque, temperature (<47 °C) and microcracks in the drilled surface of the bone as compared to the other four types of drilling techniques evaluated in this study. Influence of external irrigation technique on temperature was also studied with respect to the rotary ultrasonic bone drilling with a hollow tool, which could eliminate the problem of thermal necrosis. In conclusion, this study revealed that the rotary ultrasonic bone drilling process with hollow tool produced lesser cutting force as compared to rotary bone drilling and conventional surgical drilling for hollow and solid tools. The study also revealed that rotary ultrasonic bone drilling process has the potential to minimize the cutting force, torque and temperature as compared to the conventional surgical drilling for orthopedic surgery.

Effects of rotary ultrasonic bone drilling on cutting force and temperature in the human bones

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (8) ◽  
pp. 829-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravinder Pal Singh ◽  
Pulak Mohan Pandey ◽  
Chittaranjan Behera ◽  
Asit Ranjan Mridha
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Bone Drilling ◽  
Human Bones ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Drill Diameter

Efficacy and outcomes of osteosynthesis depend on various factors including types of injury and repair, host factors, characteristics of implant materials and type of implantation. One of the most important host factors appears to be the extent of bone damage due to the mechanical force and thermal injury which are produced at cutting site during bone drilling. The temperature above the critical temperature (47 °C) produces thermal osteonecrosis in the bones. In the present work, experimental investigations were performed to determine the effect of drilling parameters (rotational speed, feed rate and drill diameter) and techniques (conventional surgical bone drilling and rotary ultrasonic bone drilling) on cutting force and temperature generated during bone drilling. The drilling experiments were performed by a newly developed bone drilling machine on different types of human bones (femur, tibia and fibula) having different biological structure and mechanical behaviour. The bone samples were procured from male cadavers with the age of second to fourth decades. The results revealed that there was a significant difference ( p < 0.05) in cutting force and temperature rise for rotary ultrasonic bone drilling and conventional surgical bone drilling. The cutting force obtained in rotary ultrasonic bone drilling was 30%–40%, whereas temperature generated was 50%–55% lesser than conventional surgical bone drilling process for drilling in all types of bones. It was also found that the cutting force increased with increasing feed rate, drill diameter and decrease in rotational speed, whereas increasing rotational speed, drill diameter and feed rate resulted in higher heat generation during bone drilling. Both the techniques revealed that the axial cutting force and the temperature rise were significantly higher in femur and tibia compared with the fibula for all combinations of process parameters.

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