A New Small-Sized Non-Dispersive Infrared (NDIR) Sensor and its Drive/Readout Circuits

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C.-P. Chao ◽  
Li-Chi Hsu ◽  
Trong-Hieu Tran
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass Filter ◽  
Analog To Digital ◽  
Readout Circuits ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Driver Circuit ◽  
Module Size ◽  
Gas Chamber

A new miniaturized, non-dispersive, infrared (NDIR) sensor for CO2 intended to be installed in mobile phones and its drive/readout circuits are presented in this study. A typical NDIR sensor consists of three main components; an infrared (IR) light-emitter (light source), a gas chamber, a photo detector (PD) light receiver) and the associated drive/readout circuits. The geometry of the gas chamber is optimized to minimize the total module size to approximately 10 mm × 5 mm × 5 mm, which is much smaller than commercially-available gas sensors. Driver and readout circuits are successfully designed and taped out. The driver circuit intends to generate pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to control proper dimming of LED. The readout circuit, which acquires small signal from photo detector then converts to digital values, includes amplifier, low pass filter and analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The proposed circuit is fabricated by the TSMC 0.35-μm CMOS process, where the area is 4.527 mm2 while power consumption is 60.16 mW for the whole chip. The resolution is less than 12 ppm along with time constant is 0.1 sec.

scholarly journals Wideband Reconfigurable Integrated Low-Pass Filter for 5G Compatible Software Defined Radio Solutions

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 734
Author(s):  
Karolis Kiela ◽  
Marijan Jurgo ◽  
Vytautas Macaitis ◽  
Romualdas Navickas
Keyword(s):  
Software Defined Radio ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Noise Figure ◽  
Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass Filter ◽  
Filter Performance ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Bandwidth Tuning

This article presents a wideband reconfigurable integrated low-pass filter (LPF) for 5G NR compatible software-defined radio (SDR) solutions. The filter uses Active-RC topology to achieve high linearity performance. Its bandwidth can be tuned from 2.5 MHz to 200 MHz, which corresponds to a tuning ratio of 92.8. The order of the filter can be changed between the 2nd, 4th, or 6th order; it has built-in process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) compensation with a tuning range of ±42%; and power management features for optimization of the filter performance across its entire range of bandwidth tuning. Across its entire order, bandwidth, and power configuration range, the filter achieves in-band input-referred third-order intercept point (IIP3) between 32.7 dBm and 45.8 dBm, spurious free dynamic range (SFDR) between 63.6 dB and 79.5 dB, 1 dB compression point (P1dB) between 9.9 dBm and 14.1 dBm, total harmonic distortion (THD) between −85.6 dB and −64.5 dB, noise figure (NF) between 25.9 dB and 31.8 dB and power dissipation between 1.19 mW and 73.4 mW. The LPF was designed and verified using 65 nm CMOS process; it occupies a 0.429 mm2 area of silicon and uses a 1.2 V supply.

Design and Simulation of Switched Capacitor Filter for Speed Change Parameter Converter

2013 ◽  
Vol 562-565 ◽  
pp. 1132-1136
Author(s):  
Xiao Wei Liu ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Song Chen ◽  
Liang Liu ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stop Band ◽  
Cutoff Frequency ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Pass Band ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Switched Capacitor ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
The Time Domain

In this paper, we design a high-order switched capacitor filter for rapid change parameter converter. This design uses a structure which consists of three biquads filter sub-units. The design is a 6th-order SC elliptic low-pass filter, and the sample frequency is 250 kHz. By the MATLAB Simulink simulation, the system can meet the design requirements in the time domain. In this paper, the 6th-order switched capacitor elliptic low-pass filter was implemented under 0.5 um CMOS process and simulated in Cadence. The final simulation results show that the pass-band cutoff frequency is 10 kHz, and the maximum pass-band ripple is about 0.106 dB. The stop-band cutoff frequency is 20 kHz, and the minimum stop-band attenuation is 74.78 dB.

Application of Slipped-Window Integrator and Repetitive Predictor in APF

2014 ◽  
Vol 556-562 ◽  
pp. 3585-3589
Author(s):  
Meng Qiong Wang ◽  
Chun Yu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Tracking Control ◽  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Active Power Filter ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Modulation Method ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass Filter ◽  
Power Filter ◽  
Low Pass

In view of the shortages time lag existing in traditional digital low-pass filter in Active Power Filter (Active Power Filter, APF), this paper proposes to adopt slipped-window integrator to realize low-pass filter in harmonic current detection.The current tracking control uses Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation method. Meanwhile, the repetitive predictor is applied so as to improve the real-time performance of the compensation current tracking control. Built a three-phase shunt active power filter simulation model in Matlab/Simulink environment and take experiment under the low pressure condition. The results show that slipped-window integrator and deadbeat current mothod can acquire good dynamic response performance as well as high precision.

LC-Resonant and High-Temperature Resistant Acceleration Sensor Based on DSP

2011 ◽  
Vol 105-107 ◽  
pp. 1966-1969
Author(s):  
Tao Guo ◽  
Jie Zhu ◽  
Gui Tang ◽  
Yan Xu
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Space Shuttle ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Acceleration Sensor ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass Filter ◽  
Analog To Digital ◽  
Acceleration Sensors ◽  
Low Pass

It is a challenging problem to test the acceleration of the high-speed missiles and space shuttle under high temperature. This paper proposed a design of LC-resonant and high-temperature resistant acceleration sensors about the phenomenon. With the operational amplifier OP4177, it produces the input signal that contents with A/D (Analog to Digital) signal. An eight level low-pass filter MAX291 is used for testing after the signal is regulated. This design mainly uses AD7934 to complete the conversion from analog signals to digital signals. It also recognizes the resonant point of LC acceleration sensor by the DSP （Digital Signal Processing）recognizing program. The acceleration is computed finally by the DSP chip.

The Design of Gm-C Low-Pass Filter for Micromachined Gyroscope

2014 ◽  
Vol 609-610 ◽  
pp. 1072-1076
Author(s):  
Qiu Ye Lv ◽  
Chong He ◽  
Wen Jie Fan ◽  
Yu Feng Zhang ◽  
Xiao Wei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Stop Band ◽  
Cutoff Frequency ◽  
Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Micromachined Gyroscope

In this Paper, a 4th-Order Low-Pass Gm-C Filter is Presented. for the Design of Operational Tranconductance Amplifier(OTA), it Adopts the Techniques of Current Division and Current Cancellation. these Techniques can Help to Achieve a Low Transconductance Value. for the Architecture of the 4th-Order Gm-C Filter, it Consists of Two Biquads. the Two Biquads are Cascade Connected. the Gm-C Low-Pass Filter has been Implemented under 0.5 μm CMOS Process Model. the Final Simulation Results Show the Cutoff Frequency of the Filter is 100Hz and the Stop-Band Attenuation is Larger than 60dB. the Power Consumption is Lower than 1mW and the Total Harmonic Distortion(THD) is -55dB.

scholarly journals A Novel Purely Active Electronically Controllable Configuration for Simulating Resistance in Floating Form

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayank Srivastava ◽  
Dinesh Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Cmos Process ◽  
Passive Component ◽  
Ideal Behavior ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Component Matching ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Frequency Behavior ◽  
Electronically Tunable

This paper proposes a new purely active floating resistance simulation circuit employing two voltage differencing trans-conductance amplifiers (VDTAs). The proposed configuration enjoys following advantageous features; (i) purely active realization (ii) electronically tunable resistance (iii) no requirement of any active/passive component matching constraint (iv) good non-ideal behavior and (v) low sensitivity values. The Influence of VDTA terminal parasitics on high frequency behavior of proposed circuit is also investigated. The workability of proposed resistor simulator has been verified by an application example of voltage mode low-pass filter. To validate the theoretical analysis, SPICE simulations with TSMC 0.18μm CMOS process parameters have been performed. 

APPLICATION OF THE PLL CONTROL AT THE REALIZATION OF A 16-THROUGH ADC

2018 ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. V. Magerramov
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Device ◽  
Phase Locked Loop ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Phase Detector ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Voltage Controlled Oscillator ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass Filter ◽  
Analog To Digital ◽  
Low Pass

This article describes the method of converting an analog signal into a digital code using a phase locked loop (PLL) circuit. The functional structure of the voltage-to-digital conversion circuit is considered. The application of the principle of phase-locked loop for controlling the duty cycle of the output signal of a phase detector when the voltage at the positive input of the operational amplifier included in the low-pass filter is investigated. In the modern world, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are available in almost every electronic device. The application of different ADC architectures is determined by their parameters and features by circuit and technological implementation. The phase-locked loop with a digital part (16-bit counter, storage register and data transfer interface) allows to obtain a precision analog-to-digital converter, based on a relatively simple circuit design, which has high accuracy and low noise level. Negative feedback of the PLL loop makes it possible to level the error of the passive elements of the low-pass filter (LPF) and the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO). The result of this work is an analysis of the ADC characteristics in the technological basis of 250 nm.

LOW-POWER, LOW-VOLTAGE, DUAL-OUTPUT, SECOND GENERATION CURRENT CONVEYOR AND ITS APPLICATION IN LOW-PASS FILTER DESIGN

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (06) ◽  
pp. 1350044 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMMAD HOSSEIN MAGHAMI ◽  
AMIR M. SODAGAR
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Current Conveyor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass Filter ◽  
Silicon Area ◽  
Total Power Consumption ◽  
Low Pass

A new simple dual-output second generation current conveyor (DO-CCII) circuit is proposed. Designed in a standard 0.5-μm CMOS process, the circuit operates at ±1.5 V supply voltages with a total power consumption of 106 nW. Main characteristics of the proposed DO-CCII are its simplicity, small silicon area consumption, and not suffering from the body effect of MOS transistors. The proposed circuit is employed to implement a first-order low-pass filter with upper -3 dB cut-off frequency of as low as 3.2 Hz.

scholarly journals 0.5 V Fifth-Order Butterworth Low-Pass Filter Using Multiple-Input OTA for ECG Applications

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 7343
Author(s):  
Montree Kumngern ◽  
Nattharinee Aupithak ◽  
Fabian Khateb ◽  
Tomasz Kulej
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Subthreshold Region ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass Filter ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Fifth Order

This paper presents a 0.5 V fifth-order Butterworth low-pass filter based on multiple-input operational transconductance amplifiers (OTA). The filter is designed for electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition systems and operates in the subthreshold region with nano-watt power consumption. The used multiple-input technique simplifies the overall structure of the OTA and reduces the number of active elements needed to realize the filter. The filter was designed and simulated in the Cadence environment using a 0.18 µm Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) process from Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC). Simulation results show that the filter has a bandwidth of 250 Hz, a power consumption of 34.65 nW, a dynamic range of 63.24 dB, attaining a figure-of-merit of 0.0191 pJ. The corner (process, voltage, temperature: PVT) and Monte Carlo (MC) analyses are included to prove the robustness of the filter.

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