Analysis of Pressure Test Failure Performance for Vintage Pipe

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Jing Chen ◽  
Dan Williams ◽  
Keith Leewis ◽  
David Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Manufacturing Defects ◽  
Integrity Assessment ◽  
Pressure Tests ◽  
Pressure Test ◽  
Pipeline Safety ◽  
Test Failure

Systemic manufacturing defects in select vintage pipe pose challenges when assessing the integrity of pipeline systems comprised of such pipe. The common manufacturing technology and quality control practices in place at the time of manufacturing left some vintage line pipe prone to imperfections which could remain even after passing pressure tests in the mill or after construction. The lack of complete and reliable manufacturing records for some vintage line pipe limits granularity and adds integrity assessment uncertainties. Up until 1984, the United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) required operators to report incidents related to failed pressure tests for all pipelines at the time of installation. Performance with respect to the manufacturer and year of manufacture can therefore be extracted from these reported incidents. These performance records are essential when re-establishing the MAOP (or MOP) and confirming the fitness for service of older pipelines. The pressure test failure performance in the early incident records provides insight into pipeline integrity prioritization and mitigation activities for managing pipeline safety based on pipe manufacturer, production date and seam type.

Using Alternate Technologies and Advancements Through Special Permits, Waivers, and Other Technology Notifications

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Y. Lee ◽  
M. “Buddy” Secor
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Federal Regulations ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
States Department ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Pipeline Safety

The United States Department of Transportation (USDOT), Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA), Office of Pipeline Safety recognizes there may be technologies and advancements not currently allowed by the federal regulations that can improve safety, and has processes to allow such technologies and advancements. These processes include Special Permits, State Waivers, and Other Technology Notifications. This paper describes observations and trends related to PHMSA’s accumulated data from the last few decades, and includes a summary of new technologies and innovative solutions that are not currently covered in codified standards or regulations.1

Managing and Addressing Fitness for Service of Vintage Pipelines

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven V. Nanney ◽  
Kenneth Y. Lee
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Electric Resistance Welding ◽  
Standards And Regulations ◽  
Pipeline Safety

Recent pipeline accidents in the United States have highlighted concerns with older vintage natural gas and hazardous liquid pipelines. The United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) is performing a comprehensive review to determine the fitness for service of vintage pipelines, and if the risks associated with vintage pipelines can be better managed by changes to US pipeline safety standards and regulations. Concerns with vintage pipelines include weld seam manufacturing issues, such as low frequency electric resistance welding (LF-ERW) and submerged arc welding (SAW), cast iron pipe, plastic pipe and certain coatings. This paper presents findings from vintage pipeline failure investigations, recent PHMSA actions, and some approaches to address key vintage pipe concerns. These approaches include knowledge assurance (adequacy and quality of historical data), methods to systematically obtain missing data, and processes and criteria for determining fitness-for-service, including assessment, remediation, and replacement programs.

scholarly journals Analysis and Comparison of Long-Distance Pipeline Failures

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianshuang Dai ◽  
Dongpo Wang ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Qingshan Feng ◽  
Xinqi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Management Effectiveness ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Integrity Assessment ◽  
Safety Technology ◽  
Pipeline Management ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Pipeline Failures ◽  
Pipeline Safety

The analysis results of long-distance oil and gas pipeline failures are important for the industry and can be the basis of risk analysis, integrity assessment, and management improvement for pipeline operators. Through analysis and comparison of the statistical results of the United States, Europe, the UK, and PetroChina in pipeline failure frequencies, causes, consequences, similarities, and differences of pipeline management, focusing points and management effectiveness are given. Suggestions on long-distance pipeline safety technology and management in China are proposed.

scholarly journals Effect of Dynamic Envelope Pavement Markings on Vehicle Driver Behavior at a Highway-Rail Grade Crossing

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Gabree ◽  
Stephanie Chase ◽  
Marco daSilva
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Pavement Markings ◽  
Florida Department ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Grade Crossing ◽  
Grade Crossings ◽  
Stop Line

The United States Department of Transportation’s (USDOT) John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (Volpe Center), under the direction of the USDOT Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) Office of Research and Development (R&D), recently completed a study on the use of pavement markings to reduce instances of vehicles stopping on the tracks at grade crossings. Specifically, the study evaluated the effectiveness of pavement markings placed within the dynamic envelope, the region between and immediately adjacent to the tracks at a grade crossing, and new corresponding signage at the Commercial Boulevard grade crossing (ID# 628186E) in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida. The goal of this research study was to gain an understanding of the effect of dynamic envelope pavement markings and accompanying signage on driver’s not stopping while traversing the tracks. The addition of the dynamic envelope markings and signage is intended to make this area more pronounced, resulting in fewer motorists entering the dynamic envelope if they are unable to exit the other side. Researchers coded driver stopping behavior at this crossing before and after the surface treatments were installed. Vehicles were coded as having stopped in one of four zones: behind the stop line and gate arm (Zone 1), past the stop line but before the tracks (Zone 2), on the tracks (Zone 3), or immediately after the tracks (Zone 4). Stopping in Zone 3 is considered to be the most dangerous behavior that a driver could perform, while stopping in Zone 1 is the safest. The goal of the added markings and signage is to reduce the number of vehicles which come to a stop within the dynamic envelope, thus reducing the possibility that a vehicle is present on the tracks when a train approaches resulting in a collision. The addition of the dynamic envelope pavement markings and modified signage resulted in a statistically significant change in driver stopping behavior. Specifically, the pavement markings and signage reduced the proportion of vehicles that stopped in Zone 3, resulting in a 45% reduction in vehicles stopped in Zone 3 for eastbound vehicles and 14% for westbound vehicles. They also increased the proportion of vehicles stopping in Zone 1, which is the safest behavior a driver can perform (9% increase for eastbound and 6% increase for westbound). Additionally, fewer vehicles were found to stop in both Zone 2 and Zone 4, which are both moderately dangerous. Based on these results, the Florida Department of Transportation is exploring the use of this safety treatment at additional grade crossings with a high risk for unsafe vehicle stopping behavior.

A Streamlined Approach for Pipeline Integrity Management

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd R. Porter ◽  
James E. Marr
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Baseline Risk ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Integrity Assessment ◽  
Integrity Management ◽  
Near Term

Formulating and implementing an integrity management plan (IMP) that satisfies Regulatory compliance requirements as mandated in the United States Department of Transportation (US-DOT, CFR 192 / 195) is a significant undertaking. The initial implementation step as defined in the regulations, is to identify high consequence areas (HCA’s or “covered segments”, and the integrity threats that could potentially impact the pipeline. These threats drive the data requirements, i.e. the minimal data sets required to address and evaluate these threats. This data must be gathered, aligned, integrated and technically analyzed (i.e. use of threat models) in a consistent and systematic manner. A baseline / risk assessment is then conducted using this data with the integrity threat models — to identify potentially higher risk areas within a system, individual lines, pipe segments, joints or specific points on the pipelines. The pipeline analysis normally includes time dependent, time independent and stable threats. Integrity management decisions are made based on the outcome of this initial assessment. This leads to selection of integrity assessment tools such as In Line Inspection (ILI) technologies, Direct Assessment (DA), Hydro Static testing, other methods, or combinations thereof. The outcome of the integrity assessment is used to develop an optimal, prioritized repair & mitigation program. In both regulated and non-regulated environments, there is critical need to prioritize and address immediate and near term repair situations a tactical approach. In order to effectively implement an IMP, a management system is normally required that captures the work process of the integrity team and delivers rapid, accurate, and economic decision support. Efficiencies can be realized with a well coordinated approach to data acquisition, management, and analysis. Tuboscope provides an integrated pipeline solution (TIPS) approach to streamline these processes, and an Integrity Management Vehicle LinaViewPRO™, to manage, analyze and present the results of the integrity analysis. In the quest for regulatory compliance and subsequent maintenance of the line, this paper will present an integrity process overview, implementation, results, and benefits from operating hazardous liquid and gas transmission pipelines integrity projects.

Long Term (1970 to 2015) Trending of the Nine Prescriptive Pipeline Threats

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Jing Chen ◽  
Dan Williams ◽  
Keith Leewis ◽  
Michael Barnum
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
States Department ◽  
Pipeline Failure ◽  
Construction Operation ◽  
Pipe Manufacturing

Since the 1970s, the United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) has collected and published pipeline failure incident data. Operators are required to report pipeline incidents and provide the apparent cause of failures. PHMSA and ASME (B31.8S for gas and B31.4 for liquids) identify and group these failures into nine broad categories and sub-classify them into three clusters by their time-based behavior. Technical advancements in pipe manufacturing, fabrication, construction, operation, inspection, monitoring, maintenance, rehabilitation and regulation have resulted in a decrease in incidents for many of these failure causes. This paper presents a statistical trending analysis of the failure incidents for each of the nine threats. The multi-year trending of these incident metrics over the last 40+ years will be demonstrated.

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