Fitness for Service Document Comparison: API 579 vs. PDAM

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl E. Jaske ◽  
Melissa J. Rubal
Keyword(s):  
Damage Mechanisms ◽  
Manufacturing Defects ◽  
Mechanical Integrity ◽  
Weld Defects ◽  
Defect Assessment ◽  
Pipeline Systems ◽  
Process Plants ◽  
Internal Pressures ◽  
Petrochemical Industries ◽  
Available Resources

Assessing the Fitness for Service (FFS) of deficient pipeline segments or facilities is an important step in managing the mechanical integrity and safety of pipeline systems. However, FFS can be determined according to several documents, including API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 2007 Fitness-For-Service (API 579) and the Pipeline Defect Assessment Manual (PDAM). The document contents and assessment methodologies of API 579 and PDAM are reviewed and compared for several common damage mechanisms. API 579 was originally developed for the refining and petrochemical industries but is currently applied to a broad range of equipment and systems. In contrast, PDAM was developed under a joint industry project to assess defects specifically in petrochemical pipelines. While PDAM refers the reader to API 579 for the assessment of several damage mechanisms, including gouges, manufacturing defects, weld defects, and cracks, the authors of PDAM claim that API 579 is generic, biased towards pipes in process plants, and can be overly conservative for the assessment of other pipeline defects. Understanding and comparing the current FFS documents can lead to an enhanced allocation of available resources and can improve the level of FFS assessments in the pipeline industry. The methods used to assess corrosion of components with static internal pressures, dents, dent-gouge combinations, and cracks are compared.

Using Testing Methods to Evaluate Pipeline Mechanical Integrity

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Skill Sets ◽  
Mechanical Integrity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Pipeline Systems ◽  
Girth Welds

Evaluating the mechanical integrity of pipelines involves a variety of tools and skill sets. Over the past several years there has been an increased interest in assessing the performance of vintage pipeline systems and specifically evaluating the effects of existing defects on future performance. Examples of defects include girth and seam welds, corrosion, dents, and wrinkle bends. While lessons learned from prior experience and analysis are critical, the role of testing in the evaluation process is receiving focused attention. This paper includes detailed discussions on how testing has been used over the past decade to help pipeline companies assess the integrity of their pipeline systems. Specific emphasis is placed on helping the reader better understand what testing techniques are most appropriate and determining how to interpret and correlate the results into useful information for operating safe pipelines. Case studies are presented that include studies on seam welds subject to cyclic pressures, wrinkle bends, girth welds, and corrosion in dents. A well-designed test program can be used to validate numerical modeling efforts and provide engineers with insights regarding in situ behavior of pipeline systems.

RUA Method. Method for Ensuring the Safety of Work for Chemical and Petrochemical Industries

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
M. S. Belov
Keyword(s):  
Key Factors ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Safety Protection ◽  
Vision Zero ◽  
Petrochemical Industries

In order to assess the risks and determine the optimal actions to ensure the safety of work at chemical and petrochemical plants, a method has been developed that allows identifying operations that require optimization and the introduction of additional protective measures. A brief overview of the key factors that affect the safety and effectiveness of operations is provided. The method is based on the concept of zero injuries — Vision Zero, which assumes that absolutely all accidents at work can be prevented. This method is necessary for a deeper analysis of production operations and improving the level of safety protection.

STRESS PADA LANSIA MENJADI FAKTOR PENYEBAB DAN AKIBAT TERJADINYA PENYAKIT

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Hidaayah
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The State ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Available Resources

Stress conditions in the elderly means an imbalance condition of biological, psychological, and social are closely related to the response to the threats and dangers faced by the elderly. Pressure or interference that is not fun is usually created when the elderly see a mismatch between the state and the 3 systems available resources. Maintenance actions that need to be done there are 2 types, namely : prevention of exposure to a stressor (precipitation factor) and serious treatment of the imbalance condition/ illness (precipitation factor). Prevention includes: sports, hobbies, friendship, avoid eating foods high in free radicals and harmful substances, sex and setting arrangements adequate rest. Habits of the above if done at a young age to avoid exposure to stress in the elderly. Treatment of the imbalance condition / illness, include : drinking water, meditation, eating fresh fruit, and adequate rest.

Dmenisions of Human Behavior in The Novel “The Foreigner” By Arun Joshi

IJOHMN ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Abhishek Verma
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Poor People ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
As If ◽  
Available Resources

In the modern age of globalization and modernization, people have become selfish and self-centered.  Feeling of sympathy and kindness towards poor people have almost bolted from the hearts of those who have richly available resources.  They leave needy people running behind their luxurious chauffer-driven cars.  Poor and marginalized people keep shouting for help for their dear ones but upper class people trying to show as if they did not hear any long distant sound crept into their eardrums.  This trauma, agony, pain and sufferings is explored in the novel, The Foreigner.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document