In-Field Production of a New Metallic Composite Pipeline

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Venero ◽  
Tom Ody ◽  
Raymond N. Burke ◽  
David J. Miles
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Steel Strip ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Pipe Production ◽  
Acceptance Test ◽  
Thin Wall ◽  
Pipe System ◽  
Metallic Composite ◽  
Integration Test ◽  
Composite Pipe

The composite pipe system, known as XPipe™, is a steel strip laminate technology which uses high-performance adhesives to manufacture a metallic composite pipe. It offers a new method of low cost pipeline construction suitable for onshore gas and oil pipelines in a variety of configurations. The pipe is based on a thin wall liner that provides the fluid containment, the material of which will vary according to service requirements. Fusion bonded epoxy (FBE) coated martensitic ultra-high strength steel strips are then pre-formed and helically wound around the liner to form a laminated high strength reinforcing layer providing the pipe’s hoop strength. These are bonded using an adhesive. Unlike conventional linepipe that is manufactured in a pipe mill away from the construction site, this lightweight composite pipe can be produced at the construction facility using a portable manufacturing line. All components of the manufacturing process fit within standard ISO containers, each weighing between 5 and 15 tonnes. This allows for easy transportation via truck, and handling or shipping. This paper describes the Factory Acceptance Test (FAT) and subsequent Site Integration Test (SIT) of the containerised pipe manufacturing facility. The FAT was performed in factory conditions in Rome, NY (December 2008) and demonstrated acceptable operation of the complete pipe production line. For the SIT, a site in Houston, TX was chosen which would be broadly representative of in-field conditions. The SIT was performed between April and June 2009 and demonstrated acceptable in-field operation of the pipe production system. The paper also describes the results of full-scale testing performed on pipe produced during the SIT and FAT, including burst, tension and cyclic pressure testing pipe sections.

Key Quality Aspects for a New Metallic Composite Pipe: Corrosion Testing, Welding, Weld Inspection and Manufacturing

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Conder ◽  
Peter Felton ◽  
Richard Smith ◽  
Raymond Burke ◽  
Frits Dijkstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steel Strip ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Pipe Production ◽  
Metallic Composite ◽  
Quality Aspects ◽  
Composite Pipe ◽  
Ultrasonic Techniques ◽  
Weld Inspection ◽  
Robust Manufacturing

The composite pipe system, known as XPipe™, uses high-performance adhesives to manufacture a metallic composite pipe. Both technical development and a robust manufacturing quality system are required to ensure the safe use of such novel technology. Several aspects are discussed in this paper. Firstly, the use of ultra-high strength martensitic steels in a buried, cathodically protected environment requires an understanding of their susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement. A series of slow strain rate and constant load tests was performed under polarised conditions to establish any reduction in ductility over samples tested in air. The results are presented and implications for their use in such a system are discussed. Secondly, although the technology to perform quality welds in thin walled austenitic materials using automated orbital techniques is well established, weld inspection by radiographic techniques is not preferred due to the continuous nature of the process and safety considerations. However, the inspection of such welds by ultrasonic techniques is challenging due to the coarse grained nature of the austenitic welds and the thinness of the liner, well below the 6mm normally considered the minimum for conventional weld inspection. Therefore, Automated Ultrasonic Testing (AUT) requires optimized ultrasonic techniques. AUT capabilities and recommendations towards an optimal inspection concept will be discussed in this paper. Thirdly, the manufacture of the liner, ultra-high strength steel strip and adhesive into the XPipe™ composite pipe requires a robust manufacturing control system, which maintains traceability of the incoming materials and controls and records all the essential parameters during pipe production. This is achieved using a sophisticated SCADA system, using feedback from a variety of sensors.

Code Compliance of a New Metallic Composite Pipeline

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin McKinnon ◽  
David J. Miles ◽  
Raymond N. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Thin Wall ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Metallic Composite ◽  
Safety Margins ◽  
Composite Pipe ◽  
Qualification Testing

The composite pipe system, known as XPipe™, is a steel strip laminate technology which uses high-performance adhesives to manufacture a metallic composite pipe. It offers a new method of low cost pipeline construction suitable for onshore gas and oil pipelines in a variety of configurations. The pipe is based on a thin wall liner that provides the fluid containment, the material of which will vary according to service requirements. Fusion bonded epoxy (FBE) coated martensitic ultra-high strength steel strips are then pre-formed and helically wound around the liner to form a laminated high strength reinforcing layer providing the pipe’s hoop strength. These are bonded using an adhesive. Unlike conventional linepipe that is manufactured in a pipe mill away from the construction site, this lightweight composite pipe can be produced at the construction facility using a portable manufacturing line. All components of the manufacturing process fit within standard ISO containers, each weighing between 5 and 15 tonnes. This allows for easy transportation via truck, and handling or shipping. Existing regulations and codes make no specific reference to metal composite pipes. They are mainly written for steel pipe lines with some mention of plastic pipe. The paper presents a comprehensive review of the following US onshore design codes (ASME B31.4/B31.8) and relevant regulations (CFR (DOT) 49 P192 / P195) in order to establish the applicability of these codes for use on XPipe. The paper describes how XPipe meets the code and regulation requirements with regard to safety, design, material, construction, inspection, testing, operation and maintenance. The paper will identify any areas where XPipe does not meet code and regulation requirements and describe the testing and /or design changes that have been made in order to meet the code requirements. The paper will focus on the how the XPipe can meet the practical requirements of these codes. The paper will describe how the qualification testing is being performed in accordance with DNV-RP-A203 Qualification Procedures for New Technology. The qualification testing focuses on how the XPipe meets or exceeds pipeline safety margins with regard to typical failure modes such as yield, burst, facture, fatigue, collapse, etc. This is a continuous process and is being updated after each step using the available knowledge on the status of the qualification.

BERYLCO 25

Alloy Digest ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Beryllium Copper

Abstract BERYLCO 25 is the standard high-performance beryllium copper alloy most widely used because of its high strength, hardness and excellent spring characteristics. BERYLCO 25 is the updated version of BERYLCO 25S (Alloy Digest Cu-3, November 1952). This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-271. Producer or source: Kawecki Berylco Industries Inc..

ARMCO PH 13-8Mo

Alloy Digest ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract ARMCO PH 13-8Mo is designed for high-performance applications requiring high strength coupled with excellent resistance to corrosion and stress corrosion. It has excellent toughness, good transverse properties and excellent forgeability. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on low and high temperature performance, and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-224. Producer or source: Baltimore Specialty Steels Corporation. Originally published May 1969, revised February 1990.

STRENX 100

Alloy Digest ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Structural Steel ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Minimum Yield

Abstract Strenx 100 is a high-strength, high-performance structural steel with a minimum yield strength of 690 MPa (100 ksi). It meets the requirements of ASTM A514 Grade S. Strenx 100 is a US Customary steel similar to Strenx 700 (Alloy Digest SA-779, February 2017). This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and tensile properties. Filing Code: SA-838. Producer or source: SSAB Swedish Steel Inc..

OUTOKUMPU TYPE 630

Alloy Digest ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

Abstract Outokumpu Type 630 is a martensitic age hardenable alloy of composition 17Cr-4Ni. The alloy has high strength and corrosion resistance similar to that of Type 304 stainless steel. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SS-1238. Producer or source: Outokumpu High Performance Stainless.

Bestimmung der Dauerhaftigkeit von Hochleistungsbeton mit Hilfe des CDF-Tests / Determination of the durability of high performance concrete by means of CDF-test

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
R. Krumbach ◽  
U. Schmelter ◽  
K. Seyfarth
Keyword(s):  
Frost Resistance ◽  
High Strength Concrete ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Concrete ◽  
Factors Influencing

Abstract Variable obsen>ations concerning frost resistance of high performance concrete have been made. The question arises which are the decisive factors influencing durability under the action of frost and de-icing salt. The proposed experiments are to be carried out in cooperation with F.A.- Finger - Institute of Bauhaus University Weimar. The aim of this study is to determine possible change of durability of high strength concrete, and to investigate the origin thereof. Measures to reduce the risk of reduced durability have to be found.

scholarly journals Hugoniot Data and Equation of State Parameters for an Ultra-High Performance Concrete

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sauer ◽  
F. Bagusat ◽  
M.-L. Ruiz-Ripoll ◽  
C. Roller ◽  
M. Sauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Parameter Study ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Shock Response ◽  
Particle Velocities

AbstractThis work aims at the characterization of a modern concrete material. For this purpose, we perform two experimental series of inverse planar plate impact (PPI) tests with the ultra-high performance concrete B4Q, using two different witness plate materials. Hugoniot data in the range of particle velocities from 180 to 840 m/s and stresses from 1.1 to 7.5 GPa is derived from both series. Within the experimental accuracy, they can be seen as one consistent data set. Moreover, we conduct corresponding numerical simulations and find a reasonably good agreement between simulated and experimentally obtained curves. From the simulated curves, we derive numerical Hugoniot results that serve as a homogenized, mean shock response of B4Q and add further consistency to the data set. Additionally, the comparison of simulated and experimentally determined results allows us to identify experimental outliers. Furthermore, we perform a parameter study which shows that a significant influence of the applied pressure dependent strength model on the derived equation of state (EOS) parameters is unlikely. In order to compare the current results to our own partially reevaluated previous work and selected recent results from literature, we use simulations to numerically extrapolate the Hugoniot results. Considering their inhomogeneous nature, a consistent picture emerges for the shock response of the discussed concrete and high-strength mortar materials. Hugoniot results from this and earlier work are presented for further comparisons. In addition, a full parameter set for B4Q, including validated EOS parameters, is provided for the application in simulations of impact and blast scenarios.

Burst pressure of perforated-steel strip composite pipe

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Qiang Q. Shao ◽  
Peng Cheng ◽  
Wen S. Liu ◽  
Wen X. Cai ◽  
Zhi P. Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steel Strip ◽  
Burst Pressure ◽  
Composite Pipe

scholarly journals Abrasion Resistance of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete for Railway Sleepers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariful Hasnat ◽  
Nader Ghafoori
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Cementitious Material ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the abrasion resistance of ultra-high-performance concretes (UHPCs) for railway sleepers. Test samples were made with different cementitious material combinations and varying steel fiber contents and shapes, using conventional fine aggregate. A total of 25 UHPCs and two high-strength concretes (HSCs) were selected to evaluate their depth of wear and bulk properties. The results of the coefficient of variation (CV), relative gain in abrasion, and abrasion index of the studied UHPCs were also obtained and discussed. Furthermore, a comparison was made on the resistance to wear of the selected UHPCs with those of the HSCs typically used for prestressed concrete sleepers. The outcomes of this study revealed that UHPCs displayed excellent resistance against abrasion, well above that of HSCs. Amongst the utilized cementitious material combinations, UHPCs made with silica fume as a partial replacement of cement performed best against abrasion, whereas mixtures containing fly ash showed the highest depth of wear. The addition of steel fibers had a more positive influence on the abrasion resistance than it did on compressive strength of the studied UHPCs.

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