Effect of Thermal Treatment on Bioactivity of Experimental Dental Cement

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana Fialkova ◽  
Jair Flores ◽  
Sergey Yarmolenko ◽  
Jagannathan Sankar ◽  
Geoffrey Ndungu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Simulated Body Fluid ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Dwell Time ◽  
Dental Cement ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Micro Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Heat Treated

Objective. The purpose of this study was to characterize and to evaluate the effect of thermal treatment on properties and bioactivity of experimental dental cement. Methods. Specimens of the dental cement (pellets 13 mm in diameter × 3 mm thick) were prepared by cold pressing of micronized powder of set Alborg White Portland cement. The thermo-gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC) were used to analyze the phase composition and determine the transition temperatures for sintering process. The effect of heat rate and dwell time on density, crystal morphologies, crystalline phases and elemental composition of cement was evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The bioactivity of set and heat-treated cements was evaluated by ability produce the hydroxyapatite (HA) layer on a surface of specimen immersed in a simulated body fluid (Dulbecco’s Phosphate-Buffered Saline (DPBS). The formation of hydroxyapatite was confirmed by SEM, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), XRD and and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The amount of produced HA was measured by weight method after 1, 3, 7, and 14 days of immersion. Results. The set of samples were sintered from experimental dental cement at various heating rate and dwell time. The highest density was obtained at slower heating rate and longer dwell time. The heat treatment changes the hydration phases without changing elemental composition. The heat treatment significantly improves biological performance of dental cement. The heat-treated cement produces 10 times more HA with immersion into simulated body fluid.

Study of Raman Spectroscopy on Graphene Phase from Heat Treatment of Coconut (Cocus nucifera) Shell

2015 ◽  
Vol 827 ◽  
pp. 290-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fandi Angga Prasetya ◽  
Muhammad Nasrullah ◽  
Ananda Yogi Nugraheni ◽  
Darminto
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Atmospheric Condition ◽  
Peak Position ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Two Samples

Coconut (Cocus Nucifera) shell as the main ingredient in this research has been heat-treated at temperature of 1000°C in atmospheric condition aiming to obtain the expected phase of graphene. After heat treatment, an additional special treatment was given, where sample was then rinsed with distilled water. Furthermore, the heated coconut shell was characterized by Raman Spectroscopy (785 nm) and X-ray diffractometry. Based on the treatment and characterization conducted, all samples were likely to contain reduced graphene oxide (RGO) phase.The XRD data have supported the existence of RGO with the diffraction peak position (2q) at 25o and 45o. Evidence is also given by the result of Raman Spectroscopy which produces peaks (denoted by D and G bands) located at wave numbers of 1300 cm-1 and 1590 cm-1. The value of the ratio ID/IG of the two samples in the figures are 2.6 and 2.51 (matched with ratio ID/IG of RGO). The ID/IG ratio of sample which was rinsed by distilled water is higher that those without rinsing treatment.

scholarly journals Thermal Annealing and Phase Transformation of Serpentine-Like Garnierite

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar ◽  
Michele Cassetta ◽  
Marco Giarola ◽  
Marco Zanatta ◽  
Monique Le Guen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Micro Raman Spectroscopy

This study is focused on the vibrational and microstructural aspects of the thermally induced transformation of serpentine-like garnierite into quartz, forsterite, and enstatite occurring at about 620 °C. Powder specimens of garnierite were annealed in static air between room temperature and 1000 °C. The kinetic of the transformation was investigated by means of thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, and the final product was extensively characterized via micro-Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Our study shows that serpentine-like garnierite consists of a mixture of different mineral species. Furthermore, these garnierites and their composition can provide details based on the mineralogy and the crystalline phases resulting from the thermal treatment.

Effect of Autoclave and Hot Water Treatment on Surface Structure and Apatite-Forming Ability of NaOH- and Heat-Treated Titanium Metals in Simulated Body Fluid

2012 ◽  
Vol 529-530 ◽  
pp. 570-573
Author(s):  
Kawashita Masakazu ◽  
N. Matsui ◽  
Toshiki Miyazaki ◽  
Hiroyasu Kanetaka
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Simulated Body Fluid ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Hot Water Treatment ◽  
Autoclave Treatment ◽  
Heat Treated

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)-, heat- and autoclave-treated Ti metal did not form apatite in simulated body fluid (SBF) within 7 days although certain amounts of sodium (Na) still remained on the Ti metal surface even after the autoclave treatment. When hot water treatment was applied between NaOH and heat treatment, the Ti metal formed apatite within 7 days in SBF. Anatase-type TiO2 was partially precipitated by the NaOH and heat treatment but it was disappeared by the subsequent autoclave treatment. When the hot water treatment was applied between the NaOH and heat treatment, considerable amount of anatase-type TiO2 was formed and it still remained even after the autoclave treatment. The zeta potential of the Ti metal with the hot water treatment was almost zero in SBF. These results indicate that Ti metal can show apatite-forming ability in SBF even after autoclave treatment, when hot water treatment is applied between the NaOH and heat treatment, and that anatase-type TiO2 might play an important role in the apatite formation rather than the amount of Na and/or the zeta potential.

scholarly journals Use of WetSEM® capsules for convenient multimodal scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and micro Raman spectroscopy characterisation of technetium oxides

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Bailey ◽  
M. C. Stennett ◽  
J. Heo ◽  
N. C. Hyatt
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Powder Materials ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Micro Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
Sem Imaging ◽  
General User ◽  
532 Nm

AbstractSEM–EDX and Raman spectroscopy analysis of radioactive compounds is often restricted to dedicated instrumentation, within radiological working areas, to manage the hazard and risk of contamination. Here, we demonstrate application of WetSEM® capsules for containment of technetium powder materials, enabling routine multimodal characterisation with general user instrumentation, outside of a controlled radiological working area. The electron transparent membrane of WetSEM® capsules enables SEM imaging of submicron non-conducting technetium powders and acquisition of Tc Lα X-ray emission, using a low cost desktop SEM–EDX system, as well as acquisition of good quality μ-Raman spectra using a 532 nm laser.

Improvement of Apatite-Forming Ability of Tantalum Metal by CaCl2 Treatment

2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 681-684
Author(s):  
Deepak K. Pattanayak ◽  
Tomiharu Matsushita ◽  
Hiroaki Takadama ◽  
Tadashi Kokubo ◽  
Takashi Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Simulated Body Fluid ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Edx Analysis ◽  
Na Ions ◽  
Naoh Treatment ◽  
Tantalum Metal ◽  
Cacl2 Treatment ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Tantalum metal was soaked in NaOH and CaCl2 solutions, and then subjected to heat treatment at 500°C. EDX analysis showed that about 6.5 at. % of Na was incorporated into the surface of the tantalum metal by the first NaOH treatment. These Na+ ions were replaced by Ca2+ ions by the subsequent CaCl2 treatment. According to TF-XRD patterns, an amorphous sodium tantalate was seemed to be formed on the tantalum metal by the NaOH treatment and transformed into amorphous calcium tantalate by the CaCl2 treatment. This phase was crystallized into Ca2Ta2O7 by heat treatment. Critical detaching load of the surface of the CaCl2-treated tantalum metal was as low as 5mN, while as high as 42mN after the heat treatment. Apatite-forming ability of the NaOH-treated tantalum metal in a simulated body fluid (SBF) was appreciably increased by the CaCl2 treatment and maintained even after the heat treatment.

Hardening of Selective Laser Melted M2 Steel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Yang ◽  
Yishu Zhang ◽  
Haoxing You ◽  
Richard Smith ◽  
Richard D. Sisson
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Steel Part ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Near Net Shape

Abstract Selective laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing technique that can be used to make the near-net-shape metal parts. M2 is a high-speed steel widely used in cutting tools, which is due to its high hardness of this steel. Conventionally, the hardening heat treatment process, including quenching and tempering, is conducted to achieve the high hardness for M2 wrought parts. It was debated if the hardening is needed for additively manufactured M2 parts. In the present work, the M2 steel part is fabricated by SLM. It is found that the hardness of as-fabricated M2 SLM parts is much lower than the hardened M2 wrought parts. The characterization was conducted including X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) to investigate the microstructure evolution of as-fabricated, quenched, and tempered M2 SLM part. The M2 wrought part was heat-treated simultaneously with the SLM part for comparison. It was found the hardness of M2 SLM part after heat treatment is increased and comparable to the wrought part. Both quenched and tempered M2 SLM and wrought parts have the same microstructure, while the size of the carbides in the wrought part is larger than that in the SLM part.

Bioactivity of Silver Doped Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds in Simulated Body Fluids

2014 ◽  
Vol 604 ◽  
pp. 175-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lasma Poca ◽  
Arita Dubnika ◽  
Dagnija Loca ◽  
Liga Berzina-Cimdina
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Body Fluid ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Apatite Layer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Simulated Body Fluids ◽  
Two Phases

In the present study, thein vitrobioactivity of silver-doped hydroxyapatite (HAp/Ag) scaffolds was investigated. HAp/Ag was prepared using two different modified wet precipitation methods. The X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) results showed, that sintered HAp/Ag samples prepared using method (I) contain two phases HAp and Ag, but samples prepared by method (II) contain three different phases - HAp, Ag and AgO. After 2 month incubation period in simulated body fluid (SBF), surface of HAp/Ag scaffolds was coated with bone-like apatite. Thickness of bone-like apatite layer increased from 2 μm up to 32 μm, increasing the incubation period.

scholarly journals Studying of 2D Titanium Carbide Structure by Raman Spectroscopy after Heat Treatment in Argon and Hydrogen Atmospheres

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olzhas Kaipoldayev ◽  
Ye. Mukhametkarimov ◽  
Renata Nemkaeva ◽  
G. Baigarinova ◽  
Madi Aitzhanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Titanium Carbide ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Optimal Regime ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Initial Oxygen Content ◽  
Initial Oxygen ◽  
Tio2 Rutile ◽  
Total Disappearance

Herein we show the effect of heat treatment of two dimensional layered titanium carbide structure (Ti3C2Tx), so called MXene. As prepared MXene has functional groups -OH, -F, -Cl. In order to remove the functional groups we heat treated the MXene in Ar (with 0.01% O2) and H2 (with 0.01% H2O) atmospheres. We discovered the significant decrease in the amount of functional groups (-F and -Cl) and increase in the -O content, which refers to the oxidation of the material. Also we determined the optimal regime for Raman spectroscopy in order to avoid any changes in the structure of the material. We revealed that titanium carbide changes its structure at 700 °C and 900 °C into two different titanium dioxide modifications like rutile and anatase in Ar (with 0.01% O2) atmosphere. Also there are small changes occurred in Ti3C2Tx structure and formation of amorphous carbon after 700 °C treatment in H2 (with 0.01% H2O) atmosphere and formation of TiO2 (rutile) at 900 °C. Energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) revealed the reduction of functional groups at 700 °C in both atmospheres and total disappearance of –F and –Cl and increasing the oxygen at 900 °C. The huge increase of oxygen by atomic percent, can be explained by the initial oxygen content in argon and hydrogen gases.

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