The Mechanisms of the Phenomenon of Tornado-Like Jets Self-Organization in the Flow Along the Dimples on the Initially Flat Surface

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. I. Kiknadze ◽  
I. A. Gachechiladze ◽  
T. T. Barnaveli
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Medium ◽  
Flat Surface ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Double Curvature

The mechanisms of the phenomenon of the tornado-like jets self-organization are described. Tornado-like jets are incorporated into a continuous medium stream and induced by three-dimensional reliefs of double curvature indented on surfaces.

The Concept Design of Tornado Like Jet Condenser Heat Exchanger

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. I. Kiknadze ◽  
I. A. Gachechiladze ◽  
T. T. Barnaveli
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Continuous Medium ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Heat And Mass Exchange ◽  
Double Curvature ◽  
Functional Efficiency

The concept design and fabrication of cost-effective and resource-saving Tornado Like Jet Condensers Heat Exchangers is described. Tornado Like Jet (TLJ) Technologies are utilizing the features of the streams of the continuous medium over the surfaces with dimples of double curvature inducing the secondary twisted vortexes self organization. (TLJ) Technologies are characterized by high functional efficiency of heat and mass exchange. The project is based on theoretical and experimental results obtained by the authors of the project in past years in development of a (TLJ) Technologies package.

In-Between and Through: Architecture and Complexity

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarissa Ribeiro Pereira de Almeida ◽  
Anja Pratschke ◽  
Renata La Rocca
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Software Engineering ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Three Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Complex Thought ◽  
Basic Characteristics

This paper draws on current research on complexity and design process in architecture and offers a proposal for how architects might bring complex thought to bear on the understanding of design process as a complex system, to understand architecture as a way of organizing events, and of organizing interaction. Our intention is to explore the hypothesis that the basic characteristics of complex systems – emergence, nonlinearity, self-organization, hologramaticity, and so forth – can function as effective tools for conceptualization that can usefully extend the understanding of the way architects think and act throughout the design process. To illustrate the discussions, we show how architects might bring complex thought inside a transdisciplinary design process by using models such as software engineering diagrams, and three-dimensional modeling network environments such as media to integrate, connect and ‘trans–act’.

A lateral approach to the feline cerebellar fossa: case report and identification of an external landmark for the tentorium ossium

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-365
Author(s):  
Marc Kent ◽  
Eric N Glass ◽  
Jordan Schachar
Keyword(s):  
Flat Surface ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lateral Approach ◽  
Cranial Morphology ◽  
Lateral Aspect ◽  
Temporal Fossa ◽  
3D Reconstructions ◽  
3D Volume ◽  
External Landmark ◽  
Ct Studies

Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the use of an external landmark that defines the attachment of the tentorium ossium for planning a craniectomy to access the cerebellar fossa. The external landmark was defined by a line where the caudal aspect of the convexity of the cranium transitions to a flat surface in the caudal aspect of the temporal fossa. We also aimed to determine if this external landmark was present and readily visualized, and to establish its relationship to the nuchal crest using three-dimensional (3D) volume-rendered CT reconstructions created from cats with normal cranial morphology. Methods First, a case is presented for the description of an approach in a cat with a meningioma located dorsolateral to the cerebellum. Second, CT studies of five cats with normal cranial morphology were selected. Regions of interest (ROIs) were drawn at the attachment of the tentorium ossium to the cranium and nuchal crest. Three-dimensional reconstructions were developed with colored ROI overlays. The external landmark defined the tentorial attachment on all 3D reconstructions. Additionally, using the postoperative CT of the clinical case described herein, ROIs of the tentorial attachment and nuchal crest along with a third ROI, the craniectomy, were drawn and overlaid on the 3D reconstruction to illustrate the position of the craniectomy in relation to the tentorium ossium attachment and nuchal crest. Results The use of the external landmark provided for a craniectomy that enabled adequate visualization for excision of a meningioma. On all 3D reconstructions, the external landmark was present and readily visualized. Conclusions and relevance Between the attachment of the tentorium ossium and nuchal crest exists an area adequately sized for a craniectomy in cats. Clinicians can use an identifiable external landmark on the lateral aspect of the cranium to plan the rostral boundary for a craniectomy to access the cerebellar fossa in cats.

scholarly journals AERODYNAMICS OF JETS INTERACTING WITH A FLAT SURFACE

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-269
Author(s):  
I. A. Pribytkov ◽  
S. I. Kondrashenko
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Flat Surface ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Thermal State ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Aerodynamic Properties

In this paper, the development features of a single free jet of hightemperature nitrogen interacting with a flat surface were studied. Calculation of the heat exchange process during heating by the attacking jets is very difficult to implement analytically due to complexity of the gas-dynamic processes occurring both in a single jet and in a system of jets interacting with the metal. The computational difficulties are aggravated by the fact that when interacting with the surface the jet as such disappears. The flat (fan) flow interacts with the surface: form, aerodynamic properties and thermal state of the flow strongly differ from those of the original jet. The studies were conducted on the basis of numerical simulation in the FloEFD software and computing complex for multiphysical simulation based on solution of the equations of gas dynamics and heat transfer. The solved system of equations consisted of Navier-Stokes equations, equations of energy and continuity and was supplemented by k – ε turbulence model. A three-dimensional model was developed for simulation, the necessary properties, initial and boundary conditions were specified. In the study of aerodynamics of a single high-temperature jet interacting with the surface, the main defining values were: nitrogen flow rate from the nozzle U0 , nitrogen temperature T, internal diameter of the nozzle d0 , distance from the nozzle section to the surface h, distance from the critical point (point of intersection of the jet axis with the surface) along the flow radius r. Data on the gas velocity decrease as the jet develops due to the loss of initial energy to engage the motionless surrounding gas in motion, is presented. The studies have shown that increase in the initial velocity of gas outflow brings the area of higher velocities closer to the surface both in the jet itself and in the fan jet. This factor contributes to heat transfer intensification. In addition, high speeds increase the total thickness of the fan flow and reduce the thickness of hydrodynamic boundary layer, which increases with distance from the critical point.

Three-dimensional SWCNT and MWCNT hybrid networks for extremely high-loading and high rate cathode materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (29) ◽  
pp. 17412-17419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dae-wook Kim ◽  
Nobuyuki Zettsu ◽  
Katsuya Teshima
Keyword(s):  
Cathode Materials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hybrid Networks ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
High Loading ◽  
Dimensional Network

Extremely high-loading LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (NCM523) cathode materials (up to 99.5 wt%) were achieved through self-organization of a three-dimensional network of multi-walled and single-walled CNT hybrids.

Ordered Assembling of Size and Shape Selected Nanocrystals

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
pp. 728-729
Author(s):  
Z.L. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Organic Coating ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Functional Specificity ◽  
Orientation Order ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Superlattice Structures ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Nanoparticles and the physical and chemical functional specificity and selectivity they possess, suggest them as ideal building blocks for two- and three-dimensional cluster self-assembled superlattice structures, in which the particles behave as well-defined molecular matter and they are arranged with long-range translation and even orientation order [1]. Self-assembled arrays involve self-organization into monolayers, thin films, and superlattices of size-selected nanoclusters encapsulated in protective compact organic coating. The macroscopic properties of the nanocrystal superlattice (NCS) are determined not only by the properties of each individual particle but by the coupling/interaction between nanocrystals interconnected and isolated by a monolayer of thin organic molecules.Periodic packing of nanocrystals is different from the 3-D packing of atoms. First, to an excellent approximation atoms are spherical, while nanoparticles can be faceted polyhedra, thus, the 3-D packing of particles can be critically affected by their shapes and sizes.

Fretting Wear of CMSX4 at Blade Tip Interface With and Without Coating

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lavella ◽  
D. Botto ◽  
M. M. Gola
Keyword(s):  
Flat Surface ◽  
Contact Stiffness ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Large Change ◽  
Fretting Wear ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Wear Process ◽  
Blade Tip ◽  
Coated Surfaces ◽  
Contact Parameters

Fretting wear is a complex phenomenon that occurs at component interfaces that are subjected to low amplitude oscillation under high contact pressure. In turbomachinery fretting occurs also at the blade tip interfaces where shrouds, that have the aim to reduce the blade resonant vibration amplitude, are machined. To diminish the fretting damage coatings are applied to the blade tips. The aim of this study is to compare the fretting wear behaviour of single crystal CMSX-4 superalloy interfaces with and without plasma sprayed T-800 coating. Experiments have been conducted with hemispherical surface in contact with a flat surface of the same materials at temperature of 800 °C. The hysteresis cycles have been measured through the experiment. The comparison of the hysteresis cycles shown that the tangential contact stiffness of the coated surfaces is greater then that of the surfaces without coating. At the end of wear process, the mating surfaces have been characterized by three-dimensional optical interferometry and SEM analysis. After 10×106 wear cycles, the uncoated surfaces show a large change in the contact parameters and fretting cracks on the flat surface. On the other hand, the coated surfaces do not shows a measurable change in the contact parameters while the coating damage on the flat surface leads to predict an incipient catastrophic wear.

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