Springback Analysis for Metal-Polymer-Metal Laminates

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Liu ◽  
Jyhwen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Shape Control ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Laminated Structure ◽  
Flat Sheet ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Polymer Metal ◽  
Metal Polymer ◽  
Good Agreement

Metal-polymer-metal laminate is an emerging material that has many potential applications. The laminated structure consists of two outer layers of sheet metal and a polymeric center core. The material offers an excellent sound deadening properties and is being introduced to applications where noise reduction is desired. Part manufacturing for laminates involves converting a flat sheet into a deformed body. Springback has been a major concern in shape control. While bending of a single layered sheet metal does not exhibit significant sidewall curl, the problem is pronounced in bending laminates. This paper presents an analytical approach to predict springback and sidewall curl of laminates due to simple bending. Based on the models, springback factor Ks is calculated. It is shown that the prediction is in good agreement with the published experimental data.

Modeling Springback of Metal-Polymer-Metal Laminates

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Liu ◽  
Jyhwen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Shape Control ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Simple Expression ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Data Application ◽  
Straight Beam ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Polymer Metal ◽  
Metal Polymer

Metal-polymer-metal laminate is an emerging material that has many potential applications. The laminated structure consists of two outer layers of sheet metal and a polymeric center core. The material offers excellent sound deadening properties and is being introduced to applications where noise reduction is desired. Part manufacturing for laminates involves converting a flat sheet into a deformed body. Springback has been a major concern in shape control. While bending of a single layered sheet metal does not exhibit significant sidewall curl, the problem is pronounced in bending laminates. This paper presents an analytical approach to predict springback and sidewall curl of laminates due to wiper die bending. Based on the integration of a straight beam and a curved beam models, the springback factor Ks is calculated. It is shown that the prediction is in good agreement with the published experimental data. Application of the integrated model to minimize the springback and side wall curl is demonstrated. The analytical model leads to a simple expression that predicts the springback factor. The ability to predict the shape analytically is significant, since other methods require extensive finite element simulation of the deformation process.

A Model of Packaging Folds in Thin Metal-Polymer Laminates

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Secheli ◽  
Andrew Viquerat ◽  
Guglielmo S. Aglietti
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Numerical Method ◽  
Metal Films ◽  
Thin Metal ◽  
Space Structures ◽  
Polymer Metal ◽  
Polymer Laminates ◽  
Metal Polymer ◽  
Good Agreement

Thin metal-polymer laminates make excellent materials for use in inflatable space structures. By inflating a stowed envelope using pressurized gas and by increasing the internal pressure slightly beyond the yield point of the metal films, the shell rigidizes in the deployed shape. Structures constructed with such materials retain the deployed geometry once the inflation gas has either leaked away, or it has been intentionally vented. For flight, these structures must be initially folded and stowed. This paper presents a numerical method for predicting the force required to achieve a given fold radius in a three-ply metal-polymer-metal laminate and to obtain the resultant springback. A coupon of the laminate is modeled as a cantilever subject to an increasing tip force. Fully elastic, elastic–plastic, relaxation, and springback stages are included in the model. The results show good agreement when compared with experimental data at large curvatures.

scholarly journals CO2 Induced Foaming Behavior of Polystyrene near the Glass Transition

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Salah Al-Enezi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Dissolved Gas ◽  
Foaming Process ◽  
Foaming Behavior ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Model C ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Good Agreement

This paper examines the effect of high-pressure carbon dioxide on the foaming process in polystyrene near the glass transition temperature and the foaming was studied using cylindrical high-pressure view cell with two optical windows. This technique has potential applications in the shape foaming of polymers at lower temperatures, dye impregnation, and the foaming of polystyrene. Three sets of experiments were carried out at operating temperatures of 50, 70, and 100°C, each over a range of pressures from 24 to 120 bar. Foaming was not observed when the polymer was initially at conditions below Tg but was observed above Tg. The nucleation appeared to occur randomly leading to subsequent bubble growth from these sites, with maximum radius of 0.02–0.83 mm. Three models were applied on the foaming experimental data. Variable diffusivity and viscosity model (Model C) was applied to assess the experimental data with the WLF equation. The model shows very good agreement by using realistic parameter values. The expansion occurs by diffusion of a dissolved gas from the supersaturated polymer envelope into the bubble.

Analysis of the Parameter C in Inertial Effect Coefficient Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 5458-5464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xiong Gu ◽  
Zhi Fang Liu ◽  
Zhong Yong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Threshold Stress ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Load Ratio ◽  
Inertial Effect ◽  
Threshold Stress Intensity ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Constant Amplitude ◽  
Threshold Stress Intensity Factor ◽  
Good Agreement

Since the pioneering work of Paris and Erdogan (1963), the fatigue crack growth (FCG) model has been being modified by worldwide researchers. Research efforts have been devoted by a number of investigators for assessing the fatigue condition of structural components by means of residual stress at the crack tip, threshold stress intensity factor, load ratio, and so on. The parameter C is always as a constant about material and structure, and almost no further research on it. In this paper, we proposed a novel analytical approach to predict the effect of the parameter C on fatigue performance. The inertial effect coefficient model for FCG under constant amplitude (CA) loading is briefly described and then used to verify the parameter C is a variable and analyze the relation between the parameter C and FCG rate. The prediction of the parameter C in this model is in good agreement with experimental data taken from the literature.

scholarly journals Calculation energy levels and charge radius for odd 41–49Ca isotopes by using the analytical approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (09) ◽  
pp. 1950073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Mousavi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Shojaei
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Wave Function ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Potential Model ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Static Properties ◽  
Eckart Potential ◽  
Uvarov Method ◽  
Good Agreement

In this study, some static properties of odd isotopes of Ca were investigated in the non-relativistic shell model. We also suggested a novel suitable local potential model for the non-microscopic investigation of the mentioned nuclei. We modeled the odd [Formula: see text]Ca nuclei as doubly-magic isotopes with further nucleons (valence) in the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] levels. Then, the modified Eckart potential plus Hulthen potential were chosen for the interaction between core and nucleons. We also used the parametric Nikiforov–Uvarov method to calculate the values of energy, the radius of charge and wave function. The obtained results showed a good agreement with the experimental data, so this model is applicable for the similar nuclei.

scholarly journals Effect of Hull Obliquity on Crew Protection, Mass and Space Occupancy of Light Armoured Vehicle

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 619-629
Author(s):  
Wibneh Amare ◽  
Ashish Kumar Singh ◽  
Sougata Karmakar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Design Analysis ◽  
Critical Design ◽  
Hull Structure ◽  
Human Modelling ◽  
Protection Capability ◽  
Digital Human ◽  
Good Agreement

Apart from strengthening crew protective capability from gunfire, the hull obliquity in a light armoured vehicle (LAV) affects its weight and comfortable occupancy. Thus, it requires a critical design analysis for the obliqued hull. The study aims to present the optimal design analysis of an obliqued hull structure to ensure comfortable occupancy of the crew along with its minimum attainable weight and higher protection capability from the gunfire. Three geometric models (G1, G2, and G3) were investigated for the LAV hull’s optimal design. The analytical approach was used to investigate the hull obliquity’s effect, and the results were validated using experimental data reported by other researchers. Digital human modelling was adopted for validating the space adequacy of the hull. It was observed that the hull’s crew protection capabilities from the horizontal strike of armour piercing rounds/bullets were improved almost by half and double for G2 and G3, respectively, when compared with G1. The analytical results are also in good agreement with globally accepted experimental data at reasonable variations. The highest protection capability and comfortable occupancy for the targeted users can be achieved by G3 without affecting the mobility of LAV.

Study on a New Technological Scheme for Cold Press Forging Forming of Step Holes in Thick Sheet Metal

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 187-190
Author(s):  
Jian Lin Liu ◽  
Ke Sheng Wang ◽  
Xiao Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Technological Scheme ◽  
Thick Sheet ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Step Process ◽  
Cold Press ◽  
Thick Sheet Metal ◽  
Deform 3D ◽  
Good Agreement

An new technological scheme for a two-step cold press forging of step holes in a thick metal sheet was proposed . Finite element analysis on the two-step process is carried out by using DEFORM-3D. Velocity shade contours are obtained. The study shows that the technique can form step holes in thick sheet metal and increase their strength, According to the numerical simulation’s process parameter, an experimental die is designed, the FEA results are in good agreement with the experimental data.

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