A 3D Measurement of Cutting Tool Edge Based on Focus Error

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Moon ◽  
Z. K. Ling
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Image Sensor ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Geometric Information ◽  
Coordinate Measurement ◽  
Tool Edge ◽  
Edge Based ◽  
Ccd Image

Abstract This study describes a technique for measuring the three-dimensional (3D) shape of cutting tool edge, based on a CCD image sensor along the optical axis and on subsequently analyzing the image data. The image of a cutting edge formed by an optical system, such as a lens, contains geometric information about the shape of cutting edge. The focus errors can be deduced from the observed image. This deduction requires digital image processing. The focus error computation and a sequence of images obtained by continuously varying the distance between the lens and the image detector provides the possibility of obtaining high-resolution 3D coordinate measurement of cutting tool edge. The proposed technique is supported by experiments and further applications of the technique are indicated.

Stress Analysis on the Cutting Edge Based on Design of Micro-Cutting Tool

2013 ◽  
Vol 589-590 ◽  
pp. 395-398
Author(s):  
Fang Jiang ◽  
Xi Bin Wang ◽  
Zhi Bing Liu ◽  
Huai Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Extreme Value ◽  
Tool Design ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Micro Cutting ◽  
Blunt Edge ◽  
Edge Based ◽  
Cutting Tool Design

Stress analysis on wedge zone is an important step for micro-cutting tool design. The effect of stress borne by the cutting tool upon the radius of its blunt edge was analyzed, when the tool machines with minimum cutting thickness which is confined within 10-4-10-2mm. It shows that the minimal extreme value of the radius of blunt edge is existed in the process of micro-cutting tool design.

An Explanation of Low-Speed Chatter Effects

1969 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 951-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Sisson ◽  
R. L. Kegg
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Physical Explanation ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Tool Edge ◽  
Speed Stability ◽  
Physical Quantities

At low machining speeds, self-excited chatter behavior is dominated by factors which have never been satisfactorily explained. By studying the forces acting on the cutting tool right behind the cutting edge, the authors have developed a physical explanation for low-speed stability. This leads to an understanding, in terms of physical quantities, of how such variables as tool edge roundness, tool clearance angles, and chatter frequency affect stability. The explanation is consistent with all published experimental observations of low-speed chatter behavior.

Edge Design for Regrinding Cutting Tool

2011 ◽  
Vol 101-102 ◽  
pp. 938-941
Author(s):  
Xin Li Tian ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Xiu Jian Tang ◽  
Zhao Li ◽  
Ai Bing Yu
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Temperature ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Edge Angle ◽  
Edge Radius ◽  
Tool Edge ◽  
Edge Defects ◽  
Tool Cutting ◽  
Edge Preparation

Regrinding of wasted cutting tools can recycle resources and decrease manufacturing costs. Influence of relative tool sharpness and tool cutting edge angle on tool edge radius were analyzed. Cutting force and cutting temperature were simulated with FEM on different edge radius. Edge preparation experiments were carried out though an abrasive nylon brushing method. The results show that RTS and cutting edge angle have influence on edge radius. Small edge radius might result in small cutting forces and lower average temperatures, could maintain the cutting state between tool and workpiece. The cutting edge defects can be eliminated through edge preparation, and a smooth cutting edge can be obtained. Cutting tool life will be improved through proper edge design and edge preparation.

Automated CCD Data Collection and 3D Reconstruction of Aleutian Mink Disease Parvovirus

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1117-1118
Author(s):  
N.H. Olson ◽  
P.R. Chipman ◽  
M.E. Bloom ◽  
R McKenna ◽  
M. Agbandje-McKenna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Photographic Film ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Ccd Cameras ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Ccd Image

Acquisition of CCD image data from frozen-hydrated specimens provides several advantages compared with the use of photographic film. CCD cameras possess excellent linearity, sensitivity and dynamic range. The CCD also allows one to pre-check the quality of a cryo sample much easier than with a TV rate camera or on film. However, the limited field of view (IK2 pixels) of the CCD makes data collection difficult. Gatan, Inc. has produced a LowDose software package, in conjunction with their DigitalMicrograph™ environment, that automates this process and allows for efficient collection of larger amounts of data. This software, along with our own image analysis software, has facilitated the computation of a three-dimensional reconstruction (3D) from images of baculo-expressed, VP2 particles of Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (ADV).ADV has a capsid (∼28.5 nm diam.) that contains two proteins (VP1-2) of which ∼90% is VP2. ADV infections lead to plasmacytosis in mink and are a significant problem worldwide.

High-speed brightfield 3-D imaging and 3-D image analysis of thick and overlapped cell clusters in cytological preparations

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 218-219
Author(s):  
Robert W. Mackin
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Array Processor ◽  
Vaginal Smears ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Computer Controlled

This paper presents two advances towards the automated three-dimensional (3-D) analysis of thick and heavily-overlapped regions in cytological preparations such as cervical/vaginal smears. First, a high speed 3-D brightfield microscope has been developed, allowing the acquisition of image data at speeds approaching 30 optical slices per second. Second, algorithms have been developed to detect and segment nuclei in spite of the extremely high image variability and low contrast typical of such regions. The analysis of such regions is inherently a 3-D problem that cannot be solved reliably with conventional 2-D imaging and image analysis methods.High-Speed 3-D imaging of the specimen is accomplished by moving the specimen axially relative to the objective lens of a standard microscope (Zeiss) at a speed of 30 steps per second, where the stepsize is adjustable from 0.2 - 5μm. The specimen is mounted on a computer-controlled, piezoelectric microstage (Burleigh PZS-100, 68/μm displacement). At each step, an optical slice is acquired using a CCD camera (SONY XC-11/71 IP, Dalsa CA-D1-0256, and CA-D2-0512 have been used) connected to a 4-node array processor system based on the Intel i860 chip.

scholarly journals Generation and Annotation of Simulation-Real Ship Images for Convolutional Neural Networks Training and Testing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5931
Author(s):  
Ji’an You ◽  
Zhaozheng Hu ◽  
Chao Peng ◽  
Zhiqiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Image Annotation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Annotation Method ◽  
Detection Of Objects

Large amounts of high-quality image data are the basis and premise of the high accuracy detection of objects in the field of convolutional neural networks (CNN). It is challenging to collect various high-quality ship image data based on the marine environment. A novel method based on CNN is proposed to generate a large number of high-quality ship images to address this. We obtained ship images with different perspectives and different sizes by adjusting the ships’ postures and sizes in three-dimensional (3D) simulation software, then 3D ship data were transformed into 2D ship image according to the principle of pinhole imaging. We selected specific experimental scenes as background images, and the target ships of the 2D ship images were superimposed onto the background images to generate “Simulation–Real” ship images (named SRS images hereafter). Additionally, an image annotation method based on SRS images was designed. Finally, the target detection algorithm based on CNN was used to train and test the generated SRS images. The proposed method is suitable for generating a large number of high-quality ship image samples and annotation data of corresponding ship images quickly to significantly improve the accuracy of ship detection. The annotation method proposed is superior to the annotation methods that label images with the image annotation software of Label-me and Label-img in terms of labeling the SRS images.

Investigation of SEE Breakdown in CCD Image Sensor

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksim E. Cherniak ◽  
Roman K. Mozhaev ◽  
Alexander A. Pechenkin ◽  
Dmitry V. Boychenko ◽  
Alexander Y. Nikiforov
Keyword(s):  
Image Sensor ◽  
Ccd Image Sensor ◽  
Ccd Image

scholarly journals Design of a hardware/software FPGA-based driver system for a large area high resolution CCD image sensor

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Chen ◽  
Wanpeng Xu ◽  
Rongsheng Zhao ◽  
Xiangning Chen
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Image Sensor ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Ccd Image Sensor ◽  
Ccd Image
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