Advanced Thermal Management for Modern Diesel Engines: Optimized Synergy Between Engine Hardware and Software Intelligence

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Körfer ◽  
Hartwig Busch ◽  
Andreas Kolbeck ◽  
Christopher Severin ◽  
Thorsten Schnorbus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
The Other ◽  
Valve Train ◽  
Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Temperature Management ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Conversion Rates ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

Both, the continuous tightening of the exhaust emission standards and the global efforts for a significant lowering of CO2 output in public traffic display significant developments for future diesel engines. These engines will utilize not only the mandatory Diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and particulate trap (DPF), but also a DeNOx aftertreatment system as well — at least for heavier vehicles. The DOC as well as actually available sophisticated DeNOx aftertreatment technologies, i.e. LNT and SCR, depends on proper exhaust gas temperatures to achieve a high conversion rates. This aspect becomes continuously critical due to intensified measures for CO2 reduction, which will conclude in a drop of exhaust gas temperatures. Furthermore, this trend has to be taken into account regarding future electrification and hybridization scenarios. In order to ensure the high NOx conversion rates in the EAS intelligent temperature management strategies will be required, not only based on conventional calibration measures, but also a further upgrade of the engine hardware. Advanced split-cooling and similar thermal management technologies offer the merit to lower CO2 emissions on one hand and increase exhaust gas temperature at cold start and warm-up simultaneously on the other hand. Besides this, also variable valve train functionalities deliver a substantial potential of active thermal management. In the context of this paper various concepts for exhaust gas temperature management are investigated and compared. The final judgment will focus on the effectiveness concerning real exhaust temperature increase vs. corresponding fuel economy penalty. Further factors, like operational robustness, consequences on operational strategies and related software algorithms as well as cost are assessed. The utilized reference engine in this advanced program is represented by a refined I-4 research engine to achieve best combustion efficiency at minimal engine-out emissions. The detailed studies were performed with an injection strategy, featuring one pilot injection and one main injection event, and an active, advanced closed-loop combustion control. The engine used in this study allows fulfillment of Euro 6 and Tier 2 Bin 5 emissions standards, while offering high power densities above 80 kW/ltr. As a résumé, it can be stated, that with all accomplished variations a significant increase in temperature downstream low pressure turbine can be achieved. The PI and PoI quantities define dominant parameters for emission formation under cold and warm conditions. By using an exhaust cam-phaser CO-, HC- and NOx emissions can be significantly lowered, separating VVT functions from the other investigated strategies.

scholarly journals Improving Efficiency, Extending the Maximum Load Limit and Characterizing the Control-Related Problems Associated With Higher Loads in a 6-Cylinder Heavy-Duty Natural Gas Engine

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrzad Kaiadi ◽  
Per Tunestal ◽  
Bengt Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Load Limit ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

High EGR rates combined with turbocharging has been identified as a promising way to increase the maximum load and efficiency of heavy duty spark ignition Natural Gas engines. With stoichiometric conditions a three way catalyst can be used which means that regulated emissions can be kept at very low levels. Most of the heavy duty NG engines are diesel engines which are converted for SI operation. These engine’s components are in common with the diesel-engine which put limits on higher exhaust gas temperature. The engines have lower maximum load level than the corresponding diesel engines. This is mainly due to the lower density of NG, lower compression ratio and limits on knocking and also high exhaust gas temperature. They also have lower efficiency due to mainly the lower compression ratio and the throttling losses. However performing some modifications on the engines such as redesigning the engine’s piston in a way to achieve higher compression ratio and more turbulence, modifying EGR system and optimizing the turbocharging system will result in improving the overall efficiency and the maximum load limit of the engine. This paper presents the detailed information about the engine modifications which result in improving the overall efficiency and extending the maximum load of the engine. Control-related problems associated with the higher loads are also identified and appropriate solutions are suggested.

scholarly journals Analisa Waktu Operasi Terhadap Temperatur dan Tekanan pada Mesin Diesel

Jurnal METTEK ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Nasmi Herlina Sari ◽  
Suteja Suteja ◽  
Yudi Ahmad Efendi
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Control Panel ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Engine Control ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Engine Components ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature ◽  
Temperature Side

Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa temperatur, dan tekanan pada setiap komponen mesin Mesin diesel Sulzer 16 ZAV 40S selama beroperasi 8 jam. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PT. Iradat Aman Sektor Pringgabaya Lombok. Engine Control Panel (ECP) dan Generator Control Panel (GCP) telah digunakan untuk menentukan nilai dari tekanan, dan temperatur berdasarkan sensor yang telah dipasang pada komponen mesin. Pengukuran temperatur dan tekanan dilakukan setiap jam selama 8 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa setelah mesin beroperasi selama 4 jam sampai 7 jam; temperatur stator, temperatur gas buang, temperature silinder sisi A dan silider sisi B mengalami penurunan yang signifikan dikarenakan kebocoran pada silinder A dan B. Sedangkan tekanan pada mesin masih normal dan tidak mengalami perubahan yang signifikan. This study aims to analyze the temperature and pressure of each component of the Sulzer 16 ZAV 40S diesel engine for 8 hours of operation. This research was conducted at PT. Iradat Aman Sector Pringga Baya Lombok. The Engine Control Panel (ECP) and Generator Control Panel (GCP) have been used to determine the value of pressure and temperature based on sensors that have been installed on engine components. Temperature and pressure measurements were carried out every hour for 8 hours. The results showed that after the machine operated for 4 hours to 7 hours; stator temperature, exhaust gas temperature, cylinder temperature side A and side cylinder B experienced a significant decrease due to leaks in cylinders A and B. On the other hand, the pressure on the engine was still normal and did not experience a significant change.

Evaluation of Effective Active Site on Pd Methane Oxidation Catalyst in Exhaust Gas of Lean Burn Gas Engine

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshifuru Nitta ◽  
Yudai Yamasaki
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Pd Catalyst ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Ch4 Oxidation ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

Abstract Lean-burn gas engines have recently attracted attentions in the maritime industry, because they can reduce NOx, SOx and CO2 emissions. However, since methane (CH4) is the main component of natural gas, the slipped methane which is the unburned methane emitted from the lean-burn gas engines likely contributes to global warming. It is thus important to make progress on exhaust aftertreatment technologies for lean-burn gas engines. A Palladium (Pd) catalyst for CH4 oxidation is expected to provide a countermeasure for slipped methane, because it can activate at lower exhaust gas temperature. However, a deactivation in higher water (H2O) concentration should be overcome, because H2O inhibits CH4 oxidation. This study was performed investigates the effects of exhaust gas temperature or gas composition on active Pd catalyst sites to clarify CH4 oxidation performance in the exhaust gas of lean-burn gas engines. The authors developed the method of estimating effective active sites for the Pd catalyst at various exhaust gas temperature. The estimation method is based on the assumption that active sites used for CH4 oxidation process can be shared with the active sites used for Carbon mono-oxide (CO) oxidation. The molecular of chemisorbed CO on the active sites of the Pd catalyst can provide effective active sites for CH4 oxidation process. To clarify the effects of exhaust gas temperature and compositions on active Pd catalyst sites, the authors developed an experimental system for the new estimation method. This paper introduces experimental results and verifications of the new method, showing that chemisorbed CO volume on a Pd/Al2O3 catalyst is increased with increasing Pd loading in 250–450 °C, simulated as a typical exhaust gas temperature range of lean-burn gas engines. The results provide a part of the criteria for the application of Pd catalysts to the reduction of slipped methane in exhaust gas of lean-burn gas engines.

scholarly journals A Three-Zone Scavenging Model for Large Two-Stroke Uniflow Marine Engines Using Results from CFD Scavenging Simulations

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael I. Foteinos ◽  
Alexandros Papazoglou ◽  
Nikolaos P. Kyrtatos ◽  
Anastassios Stamatelos ◽  
Olympia Zogou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Mixing Zone ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
Mixing Coefficients ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

The introduction of modern aftertreatment systems in marine diesel engines call for accurate prediction of exhaust gas temperature, since it significantly affects the performance of the aftertreatment system. The scavenging process establishes the initial conditions for combustion, directly affecting exhaust gas temperature, fuel economy, and emissions. In this paper, a semi-empirical zero-dimensional three zone scavenging model applicable to two-stroke uniflow scavenged diesel engines is updated using the results of CFD (computational fluid dynamics) simulations. In this 0-D model, the engine cylinders are divided in three zones (thermodynamic control volumes) namely, the pure air zone, mixing zone, and pure exhaust gas zone. The entrainment of air and exhaust gas in the mixing zone is specified by time varying mixing coefficients. The mixing coefficients were updated using results from CFD simulations based on the geometry of a modern 50 cm bore large two-stroke marine diesel engine. This increased the model’s accuracy by taking into account 2-D fluid dynamics phenomena in the cylinder ports and exhaust valve. Thus, the effect of engine load, inlet port swirl angle and partial covering of inlet ports on engine scavenging were investigated. The three-zone model was then updated and the findings of CFD simulations were reflected accordingly in the updated mixing coefficients of the scavenging model.

A Parametric Study of Diesel Oxidation Catalyst Performance on CO Reduction in Diesel Dual Fuel Engine Exhaust

2015 ◽  
Vol 656-657 ◽  
pp. 538-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirichai Jirawongnuson ◽  
Worathep Wachirapan ◽  
Tul Suthiprasert ◽  
Ekathai Wirojsakunchai
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Gas System ◽  
Diesel Oxidation ◽  
Co Reduction ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

In this research study, a synthetic exhaust gas system is employed to simulate various exhaust conditions similar to those from conventional diesel and Dual Fuel-Premixed Charge Compression Ignition (DF-PCCI) combustion. OEM DOC is tested to compare the effectiveness of reducing CO from both exhaust characteristics. Variations of the temperature and the concentration of CO, THC, and O2 are done to investigate DOC performance on CO reductions according to Design of Experiment (DOE) concept. The results showed that in DF-PCCI exhaust conditions, DOC requires higher exhaust gas temperature as well as O2 concentration to reduce CO emissions.

scholarly journals Soot Oxidation in Diesel Exhaust on Silver Catalyst Supported by Alumina, Titanium and Zirconium

2021 ◽  
Vol 302 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
Punya Promhuad ◽  
Boonlue Sawatmongkhon
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Oxide ◽  
Zirconium Oxide ◽  
Soot Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Silver Catalyst ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Oxidation Activity ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) is used to limit the emission of particulate matter (PM). The operation of DPF has two consecutive functions which are filtration of PM and regeneration. Performance of DPF is reduced by clogging of the filter. This problem is improved by soot oxidation in the regeneration process. The soot is completely oxidized by oxygen when temperature is higher than 600 °C. However, the exhaust gas temperature in normal operating of the diesel engine is lower than the temperature of soot complete oxidation. The problem of low temperature in soot oxidation is improved by oxidation catalyst because the oxidation catalyst is used to reduce light of temperature in soot oxidation. The study’s purpose is to compare the oxidation activity of silver catalyst supported on alumina (Al2O3), Titanium oxide (TiO2), and Zirconium oxide (ZrO2). The compression of soot oxidation on silver catalyst loaded on several support which showed silver base on alumina was the best of soot oxidation compared with titanium oxide and zirconium oxide. The behaviour of soot oxidation in silver base on titanium oxide and zirconium oxide were similar activity.

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