Setup and Organisation of a NDA-System Procurement Project

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Botte ◽  
Paul Gielen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Formal Approach ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Legal Administration ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

Belgoprocess is momentarily in the process of purchasing its fifth NDA-system. Measurement systems are, although based on general designs, not from the shelf items but tailormade sophisticated and highly automated devices. It is obvious that such a project cannot be carried out by solely a NDA team, but needs a multifunctional team. This team combines NDA expertise with experts in civil works, electrical and mechanical engineering, procurement, IT, safety and legal administration. From less positive experiences in the past, Belgoprocess learned a lot and has now a systematic in place. This systematic structures the project from definition of requirements to operation, a two to three year process. This paper defines the phases of a NDA project and gives for each phase some do’s and don’ts. A second subject is the writing and handling of the vast but needed and required documentation. It gives a brief overview of the over thirty documents and files needed. The described, integrated and formal approach reduces the risk of failing projects, systems not meeting the expectations or denied qualification. It puts clear agreements in place, smoothening the relationship between company, supplier and authorities.

О вопросах фольклоризма в письменной литературе

2019 ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
Суусар Искендерова
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Folk Songs ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scientific Term ◽  
Literature Culture ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

Аннотация: Исследование проблемы фольклоризма является наиболее актуальной в современной науке о фольклоре. На разных этапах развития художественной литературы для формирования индивидуального творчества писателя особенно значимым становятся фольклорные жанры, сюжетные мотивы и художественные средства. В статье рассматривается связь письменной литературы и фольклора, особенно точка зрения проблеме фольклоризма в прошлом и их анализ. Термин «фольклоризм» начал использоваться советскими исследователями учеными как научный термин еще в 1930-х гг. Термин «фольклоризм» используется в различных сферах культуры, а в этой статье мы будем рассматривать в литературе. Несмотря на то, что на протяжении многих лет этот вопрос изучается литературоведами, фольклористами, все -таки нет единого теоретического определения понятия. Ключевые слова: фольклор, фольклоризм, литература, культура, письменная литература, художественная литература, оседлый народ, пословицы и поговорки, фольклорные песни. Аннотация: Көркөм адабияттын өнүгүүсүнүн ар кайсы баскычтарында сүрөткердин жеке чыгармачылыгынын калыптанышы үчүн фольклордук жанрлар, сюжеттер, мотивдер жана көркөм каражаттар айрыкча мааниге ээ. Макалада жазма адабият менен фольклордук карым-катышы, айрыкча фольклоризм маселеси жөнүндө мурдагы көз караштарга кайрылып, аларга талдоо жүргүзүү менен бирге автор өз байкоолорунда келтирет. “Фольклоризм” деген илимий термин 1930-жылы баштап колдонула баштаган. “Фольклоризм” термини маданияттын түрдүү сфераларында кеңири колдо- нулат, бул жерде адабияттагы колдонулушун каралат. Макалада адабий материал менен фольклордук байланышын терең түшүнүү үчүн адабий фольклоризм маселесинин талаштуу жактары каралат. Түйүндүү сөздөр: фольклор, фольклоризм, адабият, маданият, жазма адабият, көркөм адабият, көчмөн калк, макал-лакап, фольклордук ырлар. Annotation: The study of the problem of folklore is the most relevant in the modern science of folklore. At various stages in the development of fiction, folklore genres, plot motifs, and artistic means become especially significant for the formation of the writer's individual creativity. The article examines the relationship between written literature and folklore, especially the point of view of the problem of folklorism in the past and their analysis. The term "folklorism" began to be used by Soviet scholars as a scientific term back in the 1930s. The term "folklorism" is used in various fields of culture, and in this article we will consider in the literature. Despite the fact that for many years this issue has been studied by literary scholars, folklorists, all the same there is no single theoretical definition of the concept. Keywords: folklore, folklorism, literature, culture, written literature, fiction, settled people, proverbs and sayings, folk songs.

scholarly journals The Use and Meaning of the Past in Plato

Plato Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 43-58
Author(s):  
Maurizio Migliori
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Philosophical Writing ◽  
Adequate Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

This essay is based on two premises. The first concerns the vision of writing proposed by Plato in Phaedrus and especially the conception of philosophical writing as a maieutic game. The structurally polyvalent way in which Plato approaches philosophical issues also emerges in the dialogues. The second concerns the birth and the development of historical analysis in parallel with the birth of philosophy. On this basis the text investigates a series of data about the relationship between Plato and "the facts". 1) If we compare the Apology of Socrates with other sources, we discover a series of important “games” that Plato performs to achieve the results he proposes. 2) The famous passage of Phaedo 96A-102A, which concludes with the Ideas and with a reference to the Principles, expresses definite judgments on the Presocratics. 3) In his works Plato attributes to the sophists some merits, even if the outcome of their contri-bution is overall negative. 4) However, in the fourth complicated diairesis of the Sophist, there is a "sophist of noble stock", an educator who can only be Socrates. 5) Plato in the Sophist shows the weakness of the Gigantomachy, and proposes an adequate definition of the beings: the power of undergoing or acting. This reveals, before the Philebus and the Timaeus, the dynamic and dialectical nature of his philosophy In summary, a multifocal vision emerges, adapted to an intrinsically complex reality.

scholarly journals SOCIO-POLITICAL VIEWS OF TURKISH THINKERS AS A BASIS OF RELATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 244-251
Author(s):  
R. Kulakhmetova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Indirect Communication ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Views ◽  
The Future ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article discusses the fact that when studying the content, nature and types of modern relations, ignorance of the main historical stages of their development leads to many difficulties. The main goal of the author is to determine the foundations of indirect communication between people according to the views expressed in the works of the thinkers of the Turkic world and Kazakh scientists. The article considers the scientist as a developer of new knowledge that unites the past and the future, revives the material and spiritual culture, and analyzes his individuality, assessing the period after his death. Determine its impact on the work of the next generation of scientists; A scientist has three different characteristics: the definition of the field in which his scientific work is applied in practice, and the relationship of his scientific heritage at different stages. As a result, the future creativity of the scientist will be assessed. In this regard, the works of al-Farabi, J. Balasagun, K.A. Yassaui, M. Kashgari, A. Yu. Yugnaki, S. Bakyrgani, M. Kh. Dulati are analyzed.

Legal Uses of Anthropology in France in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Audren ◽  
Laetitia Guerlain
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Legal Positivism ◽  
Legal Anthropology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human And Social Sciences ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
The Many ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter sheds light on the long-standing history of the relationship between law and the human and social sciences in nineteenth- and twentieth-century France. This story has often been reduced to its most recent and academic development, that is, legal anthropology. However, focusing on this strictly contemporary, academic definition of anthropology risks overlooking the many and varied ways of thinking that, over the past two centuries and more, have shaped the relationship between law and the study of humanity. The authors suggest that such an approach obscures the depth and the variety of forms that this relationship took over time. This chapter documents the various ways that legal scholars in France—over the course of two centuries marked by the rise of codification and legal positivism—drew upon history, philology, ethnology, physical anthropology, and sociology, all in the pursuit of a more profound understanding of homo juridicus.

scholarly journals Ecosystem as Structure

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Adner
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Value Networks ◽  
The Past ◽  
Structuralist Approach ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

Over the past 20 years, the term “ecosystem” has become pervasive in discussions of strategy, both scholarly and applied. Its rise has mirrored an increasing interest and concern among both researchers and managers with interdependence across organizations and activities. This article presents a structuralist approach to conceptualizing the ecosystem construct. It presents a clear definition of the ecosystem construct, a grammar for characterizing ecosystem structure, and a characterization of the distinctive aspects of ecosystem strategy. This approach offers an explicit examination of the relationship among ecosystems and a host of alternative constructs (business models, platforms, coopetition, multisided markets, networks, technology systems, supply chains, value networks) that helps characterize where the ecosystem construct adds, and does not add, insight for the strategy literature.

scholarly journals Item in dependability: definition and content of the concept

Dependability ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Netes
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
International Standards ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Federal Laws ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
The Relationship

Aim. The paper continues the series of publications that investigate and discuss the essence and definitions of the basic concepts of the dependability theory. It analyzes the basic concept, which is the subject of consideration in dependability, for which the term “item” is usually used. The concept of “dependability” is defined for it, and in general all the terminology of dependability applies to it. The following issues are considered: how to name and define this subject of consideration, what it can be, what can be its constituents. In particular, the relationship between the concepts of “item” and “product” is discussed.Methods. The evolution of definitions of this concept in the Russian and international terminological standards in dependability over the past 30 years is traced. A comparative analysis of other standards and federal laws relating to items of different types is carried out. The viability of two main ways of getting an idea of a concept is considered: illustrative (based on examples) and definitional (by means of sequential definition of some concepts through others).Findings and conclusions. The definition and correct understanding of the concept of “item” is of great importance, as it affects the scope of dependability standards. It is explained why it is necessary to accept that the definitions of the basic concepts cannot be rigorously formalized and are in fact only explanations. It is shown that the definitions of the item in the existing Russian and international standards (GOST 27.002–2015 and IEC 60050-192:2015) have inaccuracies. To eliminate them, improved notes to the definition of an item are proposed. The first note lists the possible types of items: products (parts, assembly units, complexes) and their components; buildings and structures; systems consisting of jointly functioning products and structures and their subsystems. The second note indicates the relationship between the main constituents of the item: hardware, software and people (personnel), and their possible combinations. The paper provides reasons for considering virtual items that play an important role in today’s information and telecommunication technologies and are logically isolated subsystems within the systems that they are part of. Besides that, it points out the deficiencies in the definitions of various items in GOST 18322–2016.

The relationship between religion and the state: the institution of ‘Commandment of the Faithful’ in Morocco†

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-81
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al Khamlichi
Keyword(s):  
Political Authority ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Individual Rights ◽  
Social Unrest ◽  
Absolute Power ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

The term ‘Amir al-Mou'mineen’ (Commander of the Faithful) and ‘caliph’ were first bestowed on Omar Bin al-Khattab who became the successor of the Prophet (Peace be upon him) two-and-a-half years after he passed away. By virtue of the political and religious connotations of the term, the title conveyed overarching political authority – a kind of absolute power. The notion of Commander of the Faithful facilitated oppression of those who held different views, directly or indirectly, through employing fatawa, that is religious interpretations and edicts, in addition to mobilizing religious followers and devotees. This excess of political power is based on the definition of Imarat al-Mu'mineen (Commandment of the Faithful) or the Caliphate common in religious jurisprudence. This definition was coined by Ibn Khaldoun, and may be translated as: ‘making people abide by the view of Shar (the Law of God in Islam) regarding their temporal and afterlife interests’. Morocco has been no different from the rest of the Islamic world over the centuries, and now two distinct phenomena are apparent. First, the emergence of different groups, each with its own ideology and claims to be defending religion and pursuing its implementation. Such groups consider all other ways of thinking as apostasy that must be eliminated; while juxtaposed to them, there exist intellectual currents calling for the continued separation of religion and the state and its laws. During the past two decades this phenomenon has led to tragic situations in a considerable number of Islamic states, whose prospects now seem very gloomy. Second, a tight regulation of state institutions, together with constitutional guarantees of individual rights and freedoms, can prevent the manipulation of the state in the name of religion, and its use for tyranny and the oppression of individuals and minorities, be it in the name of Commandment of the Faithful or any other term. It seems that Morocco is aware of the power of these two phenomena, especially after it faced social unrest in 1992 and 2001, which almost destroyed its stability.

scholarly journals Kontrasećanje levice: načela

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-246
Author(s):  
Todor Kuljić
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Memory Culture ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

The paper considers some principles of left-wing memory culture after 1989. How should the left remember its own past? It should define its own perception of time and its memory priorities. In dialectical memory one should remember historical antitheses. In the past, one needs to recognize the stronger or weaker internal tensions of certain time segments, not the glorious contents of one’s own past. In the interwar years, the left introduced a new organization of time. This paper views the evolution of the left-wing’s philosophy of history and gives a new definition of the relationship between past and present. It points out the defeated left's gnoseological advantage. Unlike the identity-based linear view of one's own glorious ethnic past, the framework of the left-wing's self-reflexive memory is temporal contingency. It contains the dialectical balance of the contradictions characteristic for the left-wing’s past.

scholarly journals Ancient Uzbek Tribes And Clans Inhabiting In Central Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (09) ◽  
pp. 384-394
Author(s):  
Aziza Khasanovna Aripova
Keyword(s):  
Spoken Language ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Native People ◽  
Grammatical Structure ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Social Importance ◽  
Distinct Features ◽  
The Relationship

Soon afterward humankind became conscious of his social importance, heinitiated to comprehend the language’s great benefits, the aspiration to make certain that through the tribes lived in the past, it is attainable to determine the historical roots of the language and to find out what is beyond the reach. Despite of the fear of ignorance, doubt and mistakes, diverse human communities began to study their similarities and differences, because of many reasons, including ethnic, tribal, pedigree, climatic, physiological, linguistic and cultural properties, ending with communicative, competently dialectical skills. The antiquity of the Uzbek language is more outstanding when its appearance and development is considered in closely connection with the history of the formation and development of the native people. Without taking into account the historical laws of tribal and clan estates during the development of the Uzbek language, it is impossible to understand its distinct features, the totality of historically determined changes that have occurred not only in vocabulary, but also in the phonetic system, as well as partially in the grammatical structure of the Uzbek language. Therefore, the study of the Uzbek language at different phases of the historical development of the Uzbek people; the identification of its specific features in the grammatical and lexical structures; the establishment of the relationship between the written language and active spoken language, presented in the form of numerous subdialects and dialects; the definition of thedialect assist to a more correct comprehension of the history of the Uzbek language as a whole.

Does overt learner participation equal better L2 acquisition?

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 50-62
Author(s):  
John Lando
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Past Tense ◽  
L2 Acquisition ◽  
Accuracy Improvement ◽  
Common Assumption ◽  
Learner Participation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

The present study examines the relationship between learner participation and accuracy improvement in the use of some features of standard Italian, which were taught over a period of intensive grammatical instruction in a tertiary classroom setting. The subjects of the study are 60 tertiary learners of L2 Italian from a variety of Italian dialect backgrounds, aged 18-25, receiving instruction focused on the use of the past tense system. The incidence of learner overtly vocal participation is measured by monitoring the number of verbalised exchanges of each participant over the 15 hours of instruction. Less overtly vocal participation is monitored by teacher observation of student interaction. Data relating to both vocal and less vocal participation are compared to the improvement percentages in the accurate use of the taught features. While the results of the investigation do not support unambiguously the hypothesis that measurable, verbalised participation during instruction relates to higher accuracy achievement, they bring to the foreground the crucial role of less overtly vocal manifestations of learner participation. This calls for a re-definition of the notion of learner participation and has pedagogical implications for a common assumption held by the L2 teaching profession.

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