Experimental and CFD Evaluation of the Part Load Performance of a Micro Gas Turbine Fuelled With CH4-N2 Mixtures

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno D’Alessandro ◽  
Paolo Laranci ◽  
Fabio Testarmata ◽  
Francesco Fantozzi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Nitrogen Dilution ◽  
The University ◽  
Regenerated Plant ◽  
Good Agreement

There is a strong interest in numerical and experimental research on syngas combustion in GTs however experimental studies require syngas generation which is costly and also provides a variable and dirty fuel gas. To investigate the combustion behaviour and GT performance when fuelled with low LHV syngas, nitrogen diluted natural gas can be considered. To this aim the micro gas turbine (mGT) available at the IPRP (Integrated Pyrolysis Regenerated Plant) pilot facility of the University of Perugia, modified to use biomass pyrolysis gas, was fuelled with a CH4−N2 mixtures at different part load conditions obtained from pipeline (CH4) and cylinders (N2). The aim of the work is to analyze the functioning condition of the mGT which is monitored by a dedicated data acquisition system. Performances are evaluated and discussed showing that nitrogen dilution does not affect significantly efficiency and NOx production while CO emission increase slightly when increasing nitrogen content and this is more evident when decreasing the load. A CFD model of the combustion chamber, which was developed and tuned in previous works by the authors, was also run to reproduce experimental data showing a good agreement and also suggesting flame detachment in the mixing tube when nitrogen is present.

An IPRP (Integrated Pyrolysis Regenerated Plant) Microscale Demonstrative Unit in Central Italy

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Fantozzi ◽  
Bruno D’Alessandro ◽  
Umberto Desideri
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Rotary Kiln ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Slow Pyrolysis ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Expected Performance ◽  
Wet Scrubbing ◽  
The University ◽  
Regenerated Plant

The Integrated Pyrolysis Regenerated Plant (IPRP) concept is based on a Gas Turbine (GT) fuelled by pyrogas produced in a rotary kiln slow pyrolysis reactor; pyrolysis process by-product, char, is used to provide the thermal energy required for pyrolysis. An IPRP demonstration unit based on an 80 kWE microturbine was built at the Terni facility of the University of Perugia. The plant is made of a slow pyrolysis rotary kiln pyrolyzer, a wet scrubbing section for tar and water vapor removal, a micro gas turbine and a treatment section for the exhaust gases. This paper describes the plant layout and expected performance with different options for waste heat recovery.

Micro gas turbine cogeneration system with latent heat storage at the University: Part II: Part load and thermal priority mode

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 246-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Kurata ◽  
Norihiko Iki ◽  
Takayuki Matsunuma ◽  
Tetsuhiko Maeda ◽  
Satoshi Hirano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Latent Heat Storage ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Cogeneration System ◽  
The University

Part Load Behavior of a Micro Gas Turbine Fed With Different Fuels

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaela Calabria ◽  
Fabio Chiariello ◽  
Patrizio Massoli ◽  
Fabrizio Reale
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Turbulent Flows ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Oxidation Of Methane

The performance of a micro gas turbine in terms of global efficiency and exhaust emissions at different loads and methane-hydrogen blends has been experimentally studied. The load was varied from full load down to half load. A critical comparison between experimental data and results of the 3D CFD analysis of the combustor is discussed in order to study the effects of part load operation. Additional objective of the present study is to extend the numerical analysis of the combustor in order to describe the influence of a wider range of hydrogen concentrations in the fuel gas mixture. Numerical simulations were performed through the commercial code ANSYS CFX 14.5. Turbulence model adopted was the RSM RANS model, which ensures a good evaluation of effects of swirled turbulent flows in the combustion chamber. The oxidation of methane is simulated by using multistep kinetics models. They assure a better reproduction of CO emissions with load. Boundary and initial conditions were defined by using experimental data, when available, and results of numerical matching analysis, which assumes importance in case of absence of specific measurements at combustor inlet. Discussion of results is mainly focused on the variation in terms of exhaust gaseous emissions and temperature distributions in the combustor by varying load and fuel. A numerical evaluation of the MGT combustor behavior in critical conditions is also presented.

Micro Gas Turbine Recuperator: Steady-State and Transient Experimental Investigation

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario L. Ferrari ◽  
Matteo Pascenti ◽  
Loredana Magistri ◽  
Aristide F. Massardo
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Transient Analysis ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Electrical Load ◽  
Electrical Grid ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Mass Flow Rates ◽  
The University

The aim of this work is the experimental analysis of a primary-surface recuperator operating in a 100 kW micro gas turbine, as in a standard recuperated cycle. These tests, performed in both steady-state and transient conditions, have been carried out using the micro gas turbine test rig developed by TPG at the University of Genoa, Italy. Even if this facility has mainly been designed for hybrid system emulations, it is possible to exploit the plant for component tests, such as experimental studies on recuperators. The valves installed in the rig make it possible to operate the plant in the standard recuperated configuration, and the facility has been equipped with new probes essential for this kind of tests. A wide-ranging analysis of the recuperator performance has been carried out with the machine operating in stand-alone configuration, or connected to the electrical grid, to test different control strategy influences. Particular attention has been given to tests performed at different electrical load values and with different mass flow rates through the recuperator ducts. The final section of this paper reports the transient analysis carried out on this recuperator. The attention is mainly focused on thermal transient performance of the component, showing the effects of both temperature and flow steps.

Micro Gas Turbine Recuperator: Steady-State and Transient Experimental Investigation

2009 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario L. Ferrari ◽  
Matteo Pascenti ◽  
Loredana Magistri ◽  
Aristide F. Massardo
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Electrical Load ◽  
Electrical Grid ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Group ◽  
Mass Flow Rates ◽  
The University

The aim of this work is the experimental analysis of a primary-surface recuperator, operating in a 100 kW micro gas turbine, as in a standard recuperated cycle. These tests, performed in both steady-state and transient conditions, have been carried out using the micro gas turbine test rig, developed by the Thermochemical Power Group at the University of Genova, Italy. Even if this facility has mainly been designed for hybrid system emulations, it is possible to exploit the plant for component tests, such as experimental studies on recuperators. The valves installed in the rig make it possible to operate the plant in the standard recuperated configuration, and the facility has been equipped with new probes essential for this kind of tests. A wide-ranging analysis of the recuperator performance has been carried out with the machine, operating in stand-alone configuration, or connected to the electrical grid, to test different control strategy influences. Particular attention has been given to tests performed at different electrical load values and with different mass flow rates through the recuperator ducts. The final section of this paper reports the transient analysis carried out on this recuperator. The attention is mainly focused on thermal transient performance of the component, showing the effects of both temperature and flow steps.

A methodology for identifying the most suitable measurements for engine level and component level gas path diagnostics of a micro gas turbine

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622110303
Author(s):  
SS Talebi ◽  
AM Tousi ◽  
A Madadi ◽  
M Kiaee
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Component Level ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Process Gas

Recently, the utilization of micro gas turbines in smart grids are rising that makes the part-load operation principal situation of the engine service. This leads to faster life consumption that increases the importance of the diagnostics process. Gas path analysis is an effective method for gas turbine diagnostics. Complex dynamics of gas turbine induces challenging conditions to perform applicable gas path analysis. This study aims to facilitate MGT gas path diagnostics through reducing the number of monitoring parameters and preparation a pattern for engine level and component level health assessment in both full and part load operation of a recuperated micro gas turbine. To attain this goal a model is proposed to simulate MGT off-design performance which is validated against experimental data in healthy and degraded operation modes. Fouling in compressor, turbine and recuperator and erosion in compressor and turbine as the most common degradations in the gas turbine are considered. The fault simulation is performed by changing the health parameters of gas path components. According to the result investigation, a matrix comprises deviation contours of four parameters, Power, fuel flow, compressor discharge pressure, and exhaust gas temperature is presented and analyzed. The analysis shows that monitoring these parameters makes it possible to perform engine level and component level diagnostics through evaluating a binary code (generated by mentioned parameter variations) against the fault effects pattern in different load fractions and fault severities. The simulation also showed that the most power drop occurred under the compressor fouling by about 8.7% while the most reduction in thermal efficiency is observed under recuperator fouling by about 7.84%. Furthermore, the investigation showed the maximum decrease in the surge margin induced by the compressor fouling during the lower part-load operation by about 45.7% while in the higher loads created by the turbine fouling by about 14%.

Performance Analysis of a Solar–Biogas Hybrid Micro Gas Turbine for Power Generation

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Alshahrani ◽  
Abraham Engeda
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Meteorological Condition ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Fuel Savings ◽  
Solar Power Tower ◽  
To Receive

Abstract A performance assessment was conducted for a solar–biogas hybrid micro gas turbine integrated with a solar power tower technology. The considered system is a solar central receiver integrated with a micro gas turbine hybrid with biogas fuel as a backup. The Brayton cycle is designed to receive a dual integrated heat source input that works alternatively to keep the heat input to the system continuous. The study considered several key performance parameters including meteorological condition effects, recuperator existence and effectiveness, solar share, and gas turbine components performance. This study shows a significant reduction in CO2 emissions due to the utilization and hybridization of the renewable energies, solar, and biogas. The study reveals that the solar–biogas hybrid micro gas turbine for 100-kW power production has a CO2 emission less than a conventional fossil fuel gas turbine. Finally, the study shows that the method of power generation hybridization for solar and biogas gas turbines is a promising technique that leads to fuel-savings and lower CO2 emissions.

Emergency Shutdown Management in Fuel Cell Gas Turbine Hybrid Systems

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Lambruschini ◽  
Mario L. Ferrari ◽  
Alberto Traverso ◽  
Luca Larosa
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Time Dynamic ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Emergency Shutdown ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Pressure Stress ◽  
The University

A real-time dynamic model representing the pressurized fuel cell gas turbine hybrid system emulator test rig at Thermochemical Power Group (TPG) laboratories of the University of Genoa has been developed to study the fuel cell behavior during different critical operative situations like, for example, load changes (ramp and step), start-up and shut-down and, moreover, to implement an emergency shutdown strategy in order to avoid any damage to the fuel cell and to the whole system: focus has been on cathode/anode differential pressure, which model was validated against experimental data. The real emulator plant (located in Savona University campus) is composed of a 100 kW recuperated micro gas turbine, a modular cathodic vessel (4 modules of 0.8 m3 each) located between recuperator outlet and combustor inlet, and an anodic circuit (1 module of 0.8m3) based on the coupling of a single stage ejector with an anodic vessel. Different simulation tests were carried out to assess the behavior of cathode-anode pressure difference, identifying the best control strategies to minimize the pressure stress on fuel cell stack.

Micro Gas Turbine Integrated With a Supercritical CO2 Brayton Cycle Turbine: Layout Comparison and Thermodynamic Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Reale ◽  
Raniero Sannino ◽  
Raffaele Tuccillo
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine

Abstract In an energetic scenario where both distributed energy systems and smart energy grids gain increasing relevance, the research focus is also on the detection of new solutions to increase overall performance of small-scale energy systems. Waste heat recovery (WHR) can represent a good solution to achieve this goal, due to the possibility of converting residual thermal power in thermal engine exhausts into electrical power. The authors, in a recent study, described the opportunities related to the integration of a micro gas turbine (MGT) with a supercritical CO2 Brayton Cycle (sCO2 GT) turbine. The adoption of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (sCO2) as working fluid in closed Brayton cycles is an old idea, already studied in the 1960s. Only in recent years this topic returned to be of interest for electric power generation (i.e. solar, nuclear, geothermal energy or coupled with traditional thermoelectric power plants as WHR). In this technical paper the authors analyzed the performance variations of different systems layout based on the integration of a topping MGT with a sCO2 GT as bottoming cycle; the performance maps for both topping and bottoming turbomachinery have been included in the thermodynamic model with the aim of investigating the part load working conditions. The MGT considered is a Turbec T100P and its behavior at part load conditions is also described. The potential and critical aspects related to the integration of the sCO2 GT as bottoming cycle are studied also through a comparison between different layouts, in order to establish the optimal compromise between overall efficiencies and complexity of the energy system. The off-design analysis of the integrated system is addressed to evaluate its response to variable electrical and thermal demands.

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