Performance Analysis of a Solar–Biogas Hybrid Micro Gas Turbine for Power Generation

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Alshahrani ◽  
Abraham Engeda
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Meteorological Condition ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Fuel Savings ◽  
Solar Power Tower ◽  
To Receive

Abstract A performance assessment was conducted for a solar–biogas hybrid micro gas turbine integrated with a solar power tower technology. The considered system is a solar central receiver integrated with a micro gas turbine hybrid with biogas fuel as a backup. The Brayton cycle is designed to receive a dual integrated heat source input that works alternatively to keep the heat input to the system continuous. The study considered several key performance parameters including meteorological condition effects, recuperator existence and effectiveness, solar share, and gas turbine components performance. This study shows a significant reduction in CO2 emissions due to the utilization and hybridization of the renewable energies, solar, and biogas. The study reveals that the solar–biogas hybrid micro gas turbine for 100-kW power production has a CO2 emission less than a conventional fossil fuel gas turbine. Finally, the study shows that the method of power generation hybridization for solar and biogas gas turbines is a promising technique that leads to fuel-savings and lower CO2 emissions.

Gas Turbine Efficiency (GTE) Benefits of GTE Water Wash Systems

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Wagner ◽  
Robert J. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Compression Process ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Air Filter ◽  
Turbine Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

The desire to maintain power plant profitability, combined with current market fuel gas pricing is forcing power generation companies to constantly look for ways to keep their industrial gas turbine units operating at the highest possible efficiency. Gas Turbines Operation requires the compression of very large quantities of air that is mixed with fuel, ignited and directed into a turbine to produce torque for purposes ranging from power generation to mechanical drive of pumping systems to thrust for air craft propulsion. The compression of the air for this process typically uses 60% of the required base energy. Therefore management of the compression process efficiency is very important to maintain overall cycle efficiency. Since fouling of turbine compressors is almost unavoidable, even with modern air filter treatment, and over time results in lower efficiency and output, compressor cleaning is required to maintain gas turbine efficiency.

Economic and Technical Challenges Facing Large-Scale Gas Turbine Projects due to Environmental Requirements for Extremely Low Emissions

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Zachary
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Low Sulfur

Since 1998, the United States has experienced a tremendous increase in power generation projects using gas turbine technology. By burning natural gas as the primary fuel and low sulfur oil as a back-up fuel, gas turbines are the cleanest form of fossil power generation.

Fuelling Micro Gas Turbines With Vegetable Oils: Part II — Experimental Analysis

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cavarzere ◽  
M. Morini ◽  
M. Pinelli ◽  
P. R. Spina ◽  
A. Vaccari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Straight Vegetable Oil ◽  
Set Up

The application of bio-fuels in automotive, power generation and heating applications is constantly increasing. However, the use of straight vegetable oil (pure or blended with diesel) to feed a gas turbine for electric power generation still requires experimental effort, due to the very high viscosity of straight vegetable oils. In this paper, the behavior of a Solar T-62T-32 micro gas turbine fed by vegetable oils is investigated experimentally. The vegetable oils are supplied to the micro gas turbine as blends of diesel and straight vegetable oils in different concentrations, up to pure vegetable oil. This paper describes the test rig used for the experimental activity and reports some experimental results, which highlight the effects of the different fuels on micro gas turbine performance and pollutant emissions. Moreover, an identification model is set up to predict the behavior of the considered gas turbine, when fuelled by vegetable oil, and the sensitivity of micro gas turbine thermodynamic measurements and emissions is quantitatively established.

Numerical Analysis of Biomass-Derived Gaseous Fuels Fired in a RQL Micro Gas Turbine Combustion Chamber: Preliminary Results

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Laranci ◽  
Edoardo Bursi ◽  
Francesco Fantozzi
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide

The economically sustainable availability of biomass residuals and the growing need to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from power generation facilities has driven the development of a series of processes that lead to the production of a variety of biomass-derived fuels gaseous fuels, such as syngas, pyrolysis gas, landfill gas and digester gas. These technologies can find an ideal coupling when used for fuelling micro gas turbines, especially for distributed power generation applications, in a range between 50 and 500 kWE. This paper features a report on numerical activity carried out at the University of Perugia on a 80 kWE micro gas turbine annular combustion chamber, featuring RQL technology, that has been numerically modeled in order to verify combustion requirements, principally in terms of air/fuel ratio and lower heating value, simulating mixtures with varying chemical composition. The use of CFD turbulence and combustion modeling, via both Eddy Break-up and non-adiabatic PPDF methods, allows us to evaluate flame temperatures and stability, NOx and unburnt hydrocarbons emissions, under various load conditions, for the different fuel mixtures taken into account.

Decarbonizing Power Generation Through the Use of Hydrogen As a Gas Turbine Fuel

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Welch
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Hydrogen ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Zero Carbon ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The power generation industry has a major role to play in reducing global greenhouse gas emissions, and carbon dioxide (CO2) in particular. There are two ways to reduce CO2 emissions from power generation: improved conversion efficiency of fuel into electrical energy, and switching to lower carbon content fuels. Gas turbine generator sets, whether in open cycle, combined cycle or cogeneration configuration, offer some of the highest efficiencies possible across a wide range of power outputs. With natural gas, the fossil fuel with the lowest carbon content, as the primary fuel, they produce among the lowest CO2 emissions per kWh generated. It is possible though to decarbonize power generation further by using the fuel flexibility of the gas turbine to fully or partially displace natural gas used with hydrogen. As hydrogen is a zero carbon fuel, it offers the opportunity for gas turbines to produce zero carbon electricity. As an energy carrier, hydrogen is an ideal candidate for long-term or seasonal storage of renewable energy, while the gas turbine is an enabler for a zero carbon power generation economy. Hydrogen, while the most abundant element in the Universe, does not exist in its elemental state in nature, and producing hydrogen is an energy-intensive process. This paper looks at the different methods by which hydrogen can be produced, the impact on CO2 emissions from power generation by using pure hydrogen or hydrogen/natural gas blends, and how the economics of power generation using hydrogen compare with today’s state of the art technologies and carbon capture. This paper also addresses the issues surrounding the combustion of hydrogen in gas turbines, historical experience of gas turbines operating on high hydrogen fuels, and examines future developments to optimize combustion emissions.

A Chemical-Kinetic Investigation of Combustion Properties of Alternative Fuels: A Step Towards More Efficient Power Generation

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Methling ◽  
Marina Braun-Unkhoff ◽  
Uwe Riedel
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Combustion Properties ◽  
Hybrid Power Plant ◽  
Biogas Reactor

Biomass is a clean, renewable energy source with a large potential to contribute significantly to power generation, promising a more environmentally friendly production of electricity in future, with lower greenhouse gas emissions. A large variety of biomass feedstock exists, including agricultural and biomass residues and by-products, with wood, sludge, and waste among them. Biomass can be used directly to generate electricity if converted to more user-friendly sources of energy, e.g. by fermentation producing mainly methane (biogas) and by gasification leading mostly to hydrogen and carbon monoxide (syngas), allowing a more efficient use of the product gases compared to direct combustion, besides further advantages, with less amounts of ash and corrosive species. The resulting product gases can be burned in small to large scale gas turbines, stand alone, process integrated or in combined cycles. In a hybrid power plant, an increase of the electrical efficiency of small gas turbines to more than 50 % can be reached, by coupling a gasifier or biogas reactor with a fuel cell (FC) and a micro gas turbine. To widen the acceptable range in the variation of fuel composition and conditions and to ensure a reliable and more efficient operation, it is of outmost importance to expand our knowledge on biogenic gas mixtures with respect to modeling capabilities e.g. of major combustion properties, thus enabling predictive calculations. The present work is dealing with the use of representative biogenic gas mixtures for decentralized power production. The concept of coupling a gasifier or biogas reactor with a fuel cell and a micro gas turbine (hybrid power plant) is followed. The product gases are stemming from the fermentation of sludge and algae as well as from the gasification of their residues and wood, in addition. Their combustion behavior — lower heating value (LHV), Wobbe index, adiabatic flame temperature, laminar flame speed, and ignition delay time — is calculated for the relevant parameters — fuel-air ratio, pressure — and discussed with respect to the intended use.

scholarly journals Combined heat/cooling and power generation using hybrid micro gas turbine in a CST plant for a residential off-grid application

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Rovense ◽  
Miguel Ángel Reyes-Belmonte ◽  
Manuel Romero ◽  
José González-Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Grid Application

Predicting Flameholding for Hydrogen and Natural Gas Flames at Gas Turbine Premixer Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliot Sullivan-Lewis ◽  
Vincent McDonell
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Auto Ignition ◽  
Chamber Temperature ◽  
Transient Events ◽  
Significant Effort

Lean-premixed gas turbines are now common devices for low emissions stationary power generation. By creating a homogeneous mixture of fuel and air upstream of the combustion chamber, temperature variations are reduced within the combustor, which reduces emissions of nitrogen oxides. However, by premixing fuel and air, a potentially flammable mixture is established in a part of the engine not designed to contain a flame. If the flame propagates upstream from the combustor (flashback), significant engine damage can result. While significant effort has been put into developing flashback resistant combustors, these combustors are only capable of preventing flashback during steady operation of the engine. Transient events (e.g., auto-ignition within the premixer and pressure spikes during ignition) can trigger flashback that cannot be prevented with even the best combustor design. In these cases, preventing engine damage requires designing premixers that will not allow a flame to be sustained. Experimental studies were conducted to determine under what conditions premixed flames of hydrogen and natural gas can be anchored in a simulated gas turbine premixer. Tests have been conducted at pressures up to 9 atm, temperatures up to 750 K, and freestream velocities between 20 and 100 m/s. Flames were anchored in the wakes of features typical of premixer passageways, including cylinders, steps, and airfoils. The results of this study have been used to develop an engineering tool that predicts under what conditions a flame will anchor, and can be used for development of flame anchoring resistant gas turbine premixers.

Three Spool High Efficiency Small Scale Gas Turbine Concept

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matti Malkamäki ◽  
Ahti Jaatinen-Värri ◽  
Antti Uusitalo ◽  
Aki Grönman ◽  
Juha Honkatukia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Electrical Efficiency ◽  
Partial Load ◽  
Reciprocating Engines

Decentralized electricity and heat production is a rising trend in small-scale industry. There is a tendency towards more distributed power generation. The decentralized power generation is also pushed forward by the policymakers. Reciprocating engines and gas turbines have an essential role in the global decentralized energy markets and improvements in their electrical efficiency have a substantial impact from the environmental and economic viewpoints. This paper introduces an intercooled and recuperated three stage, three-shaft gas turbine concept in 850 kW electric output range. The gas turbine is optimized for a realistic combination of the turbomachinery efficiencies, the turbine inlet temperature, the compressor specific speeds, the recuperation rate and the pressure ratio. The new gas turbine design is a natural development of the earlier two-spool gas turbine construction and it competes with the efficiencies achieved both with similar size reciprocating engines and large industrial gas turbines used in heat and power generation all over the world and manufactured in large production series. This paper presents a small-scale gas turbine process, which has a simulated electrical efficiency of 48% as well as thermal efficiency of 51% and can compete with reciprocating engines in terms of electrical efficiency at nominal and partial load conditions.

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