Simple Parametric Model for Quick Assessment of IGCC Performance

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Can Gülen ◽  
Ann V. Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Parametric Model ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Almost All

Even though almost all components of an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power plant are proven and mature technologies, the sheer number of them, the wide variety of competing technologies (e.g., gasifiers, gas clean-up systems, heat recovery options), system integration options (e.g., cryogenic air separation unit and the gas turbine) including the recent addition of carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) with its own technology and integration options render fundamental IGCC performance analysis a monumental task. Almost all published studies utilize highly complex chemical process and power plant heat balance software, including commercially available packages and in-house proprietary codes. This makes an objective assessment of comparable IGCC plant designs, performance (and cost) and other perceived advantage claims (IGCC versus other technologies, too) very difficult if not impossible. This paper develops a coherent simplified parametric model based on fully physics-based grounds to be used for quick design performance assessment of a large variety of IGCC power plants with and without CCS. Technology parameters are established from complex model runs and supplemented by extensive literature search. The model is tested using published data to establish its confidence interval and is satisfactory to carry conceptual design analysis at a high level to identify promising alternatives, development areas and assess the realism in competing claims.

An Innovative Inlet Air Cooling System for IGCC Power Augmentation: Part II—Thermodynamic Analysis

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Morini ◽  
Michele Pinelli ◽  
Pier Ruggero Spina
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Gasification Process

Integrated Gasification Combined Cycles (IGCCs) are energy systems mainly composed of a gasifier and a combined cycle power plant. Since the gasification process usually requires oxygen as the oxidant, the plant also has an Air Separation Unit (ASU). Moreover, a producer gas cleaner unit is always present between the gasifier and the gas turbine. Since these plants are based on gas-steam combined cycle power plants they suffer from a reduction in performance when ambient temperature increases. In this paper, an innovative system for power augmentation in IGCC plants is presented. The system is based on gas turbine inlet air cooling by means of liquid nitrogen spray. In fact, nitrogen is a product of the ASU, but is not always exploited. In the proposed plant, the nitrogen is first chilled and liquefied and then it can be used for inlet air cooling or stored for a postponed use. This system is not characterized by the limits of water evaporative cooling (where the lower temperature is limited by air saturation) and refrigeration cooling (where the effectiveness is limited by pressure drop in the heat exchanger). A thermodynamic model of the system is built by using a commercial code for the simulation of energy conversion systems. A sensitivity analysis on the main parameters (e.g. ambient air temperature, inlet air temperature difference, etc.) is presented. Finally the model is used to study the capabilities of the system by imposing the real temperature profiles of different sites for a whole year.

An Innovative Inlet Air Cooling System for IGCC Power Augmentation: Part I—Analysis of IGCC Plant Components

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Morini ◽  
Mauro Venturini
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Characteristic Energy ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Plant Components

Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power plants are energy systems mainly composed of a gasifier and a combined cycle power plant. Since the gasification process usually requires oxygen as the oxidant, an Air Separation Unit is also part of the plant. Moreover, a producer gas cleaning unit is always present between the gasifier and the gas turbine. With respect to Natural Gas Combined Cycles (NGCCs), IGCCs are characterized by a consistent loss in the overall plant efficiency due to the conversion of the raw fuel in the gasifier and the electrical power parasitized for fuel production which considerably reduces plant net electric power. In order to reduce this loss, synergies among the different components of the plant should be improved. In this paper, an analysis of state-of-the-art IGCC plant components is presented. Particular interest is given to characteristic energy and flow streams in order to evaluate possible synergies and optimizations. Moreover, a simulation model of an IGCC plant, built in a commercial energy system simulation environment, is set up and the influence of ambient conditions on IGCC net power output is analyzed. The suggestions gained from the current paper and the simulation model will be used in the Part II of this paper to evaluate the capability of a strategy for IGCC power augmentation, based on ASU discharged nitrogen utilization.

Comparison Between Oxygen-Blown and Air-Blown IGCC Power Plants: A Gas Turbine Perspective

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant S. Parulekar
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
End Users ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽  
Gaseous Oxygen ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Integrated Gasification

The gasifier in an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) Power Plant gasifies coal using an oxidant gas that facilitates partial combustion and effective gasification of the coal feed. When electricity generation is the prime objective of the IGCC facility this oxidant can be ambient air, or gaseous oxygen produced from an Air Separation Unit (ASU). Gasification technology providers are presently divided in their type of offering and information in the public domain does not effectively guide End Users in the advantages and disadvantages of the two gasification methods as applicable to the particular project being developed. This paper highlights key design aspects that should guide End Users in making an effective assessment and perform detailed evaluation of the gasification technologies for the particular IGCC project in consideration.

The Puertollano IGCC Project, a 335 MW Demonstration Power Plant for the Main Electricity Companies in Europe

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulpiano Sendin
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
The Status ◽  
Combined Cycle Plant ◽  
One Year

The paper describes the status of the 335 Mwe gross (ISO conditions) IGCC project of ELCOGAS in Puertollano/Spain based on the PRENFLO coal gasification process, at the beginning of its third year of engineering and construction. The project is funded within the Thermie programme of the Commission of the European Communities, being its first targeted project. The status of the IGCC project is presented. Coal gasification is based on the PRENFLO entrained-flow principle with dry fuel dust feeding. An almost complete raw gas desulphurization leads to very low SO2 contents in the flue gas. Sulphur from the coal will be available as elemental sulphur. By saturation of the desulphurized gas and the mixing with the nitrogen from the air separation unit the integrated power plant concept also achieves very low NOx contents in the flue gas. Commissioning tests for the combined cycle plant fed with natural gas will start during mid-1995. and will be followed by one year plant operation, before commissioning of the IGCC power plant.

Techno-Economic Evaluation of Pressurized Oxy-Fuel Combustion Systems

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jongsup Hong ◽  
Ahmed F. Ghoniem ◽  
Randall Field ◽  
Marco Gazzino
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Capture ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Coal Price

Oxy-fuel combustion coal-fired power plants can achieve significant reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, but at the cost of lowering their efficiency. Research and development are conducted to reduce the efficiency penalty and to improve their reliability. High-pressure oxy-fuel combustion has been shown to improve the overall performance by recuperating more of the fuel enthalpy into the power cycle. In our previous papers, we demonstrated how pressurized oxy-fuel combustion indeed achieves higher net efficiency than that of conventional atmospheric oxy-fuel power cycles. The system utilizes a cryogenic air separation unit, a carbon dioxide purification/compression unit, and flue gas recirculation system, adding to its cost. In this study, we perform a techno-economic feasibility study of pressurized oxy-fuel combustion power systems. A number of reports and papers have been used to develop reliable models which can predict the costs of power plant components, its operation, and carbon dioxide capture specific systems, etc. We evaluate different metrics including capital investments, cost of electricity, and CO2 avoidance costs. Based on our cost analysis, we show that the pressurized oxy-fuel power system is an effective solution in comparison to other carbon dioxide capture technologies. The higher heat recovery displaces some of the regeneration components of the feedwater system. Moreover, pressurized operating conditions lead to reduction in the size of several other critical components. Sensitivity analysis with respect to important parameters such as coal price and plant capacity is performed. The analysis suggests a guideline to operate pressurized oxy-fuel combustion power plants in a more cost-effective way.

scholarly journals Optimizing management of the condensing heat and cooling of gases compression in oxy block using of a genetic algorithm

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-214
Author(s):  
Mateusz Brzęczek ◽  
Łukasz Bartela
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Supercritical Steam Parameters ◽  
Water Heaters ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Air Separation Unit ◽  
Steam Parameters

Abstract This paper presents the parameters of the reference oxy combustion block operating with supercritical steam parameters, equipped with an air separation unit and a carbon dioxide capture and compression installation. The possibility to recover the heat in the analyzed power plant is discussed. The decision variables and the thermodynamic functions for the optimization algorithm were identified. The principles of operation of genetic algorithm and methodology of conducted calculations are presented. The sensitivity analysis was performed for the best solutions to determine the effects of the selected variables on the power and efficiency of the unit. Optimization of the heat recovery from the air separation unit, flue gas condition and CO2 capture and compression installation using genetic algorithm was designed to replace the low-pressure section of the regenerative water heaters of steam cycle in analyzed unit. The result was to increase the power and efficiency of the entire power plant.

Thermo-Economic Assessment Under Electrical Market Uncertainties of a Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Integrated With a Flue Gas-Condensing Heat Pump

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Vannoni ◽  
Andrea Giugno ◽  
Alessandro Sorce
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant

Abstract Renewable energy penetration is growing, due to the target of greenhouse-gas-emission reduction, even though fossil fuel-based technologies are still necessary in the current energy market scenario to provide reliable back-up power to stabilize the grid. Nevertheless, currently, an investment in such a kind of power plant might not be profitable enough, since some energy policies have led to a general decrease of both the average price of electricity and its variability; moreover, in several countries negative prices are reached on some sunny or windy days. Within this context, Combined Heat and Power systems appear not just as a fuel-efficient way to fulfill local thermal demand, but also as a sustainable way to maintain installed capacity able to support electricity grid reliability. Innovative solutions to increase both the efficiency and flexibility of those power plants, as well as careful evaluations of the economic context, are essential to ensure the sustainability of the economic investment in a fast-paced changing energy field. This study aims to evaluate the economic viability and environmental impact of an integrated solution of a cogenerative combined cycle gas turbine power plant with a flue gas condensing heat pump. Considering capital expenditure, heat demand, electricity price and its fluctuations during the whole system life, the sustainability of the investment is evaluated taking into account the uncertainties of economic scenarios and benchmarked against the integration of a cogenerative combined cycle gas turbine power plant with a Heat-Only Boiler.

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