scholarly journals Agglomeration of Bed Material: Influence on Efficiency of Biofuel Fluidized Bed Boiler

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgy A. Ryabov ◽  
Dmitry S. Litoun ◽  
Eduard P. Dik
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Drain Flow ◽  
Boiler Efficiency ◽  
Successful Design ◽  
The Common ◽  
Secondary Air ◽  
Bed Material ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustor

The successful design and operation of a fluidized bed combustor requires the ability to control and mitigate ash-related problems. The main ash-related problem of biomass firing boiler is agglomeration. The fluidized bed boiler with steam capacity of 66 t/h (4 MPa, 440 °C) was started up at the Archangelsk Paper-Pulp-Plant in 2001. This boiler was manufactured by the Russian companies “Energosofin” and “Belenergomash” and installed instead of the existing boiler with mechanical grate. Some constructional elements and steam drum of existing boiler remained unchanged. The primary air fan was installed past the common air fan, which supply part of the air into 24 secondary air ports. First operating period shows that the bed material is expanded and then operator should increase the primary air rate, and the boiler efficiency dramatically decreases. This paper presents some results of our investigations of fuel, bed and fly ash chemical compositions and other characteristics. Special experiments were carried out to optimize the bed drain flow rate. The influence of secondary air supply improvement on mixing with the main flow and boiler efficiency are given.

scholarly journals Agglomeration of bed material: Influence on efficiency of biofuel fluidized bed boiler

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgy Ryabov ◽  
Dmitry Litoun ◽  
Eduard Dik
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Drain Flow ◽  
Boiler Efficiency ◽  
Successful Design ◽  
The Common ◽  
Bed Material ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustor ◽  
Steam Drum

The successful design and operation of a fluidized bed combustor requires the ability to control and mitigate ash-related problems. The main ash-related problem of biomass filing boiler is agglomeration. The fluidized bed boiler with steam capacity of 66 t/h (4 MPa, 440 ?C) was started up at the Arkhangelsk Paper-Pi dp-Plant in 2001. This boiler was manufactured by the Russian companies "Energosofin" and "Belenergomash" and installed instead of the existing boiler with mechanical grate. Some constructional elements and steam drum of existing boiler remained unchanged. The primary air fan was installed past the common air fan, which supply part of the air into 24 secondary airports. First operating period shows that the bed material is expanded and then operator should increase the primary air rate, and the boiler efficiency dramatically decreases. Tills paper presents some results of our investigations of fuel, bed and fly ash chemical compositions and other characteristics. Special experiments were carried out to optimize the bed drain flow rate. The influence of secondly air supply improvement on mixing with the main flow and boiler efficiency are given.

The Study of Combustion of Municipal Waste in a Fluidized Bed Combustor

2006 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Gulyurtlu ◽  
T. Crujeira ◽  
M. H. Lopes ◽  
P. Abelha ◽  
D. Boavida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Combustion Gases ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuel ◽  
Emission Limits ◽  
Bed Material ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustor

The combustion behavior of municipal solid waste was studied in a pilot fluidized bed combustor. The waste was pelletized prior to its use. Both co-firing with coal and combustion of waste alone were under taken. The combustion studies were carried out on the pilot installation of INETI. The fluidized bed combustor is square in cross section with each side being 300mm long. Its height is 5000mm. There is a second air supply to the freeboard at different heights to deal with high volatile fuels. There was a continuous monitoring of the temperatures in the bed, as well as the composition of the combustion gases. The combustion gases leaving the reactor were let go through the recycling cyclone first to capture most of particulates elutriated out of the combustor. There was a second cyclone, which was employed with the aim of increasing the overall efficiency of collecting solid particles. The gaseous pollutants leaving the stack were sampled under isokinetic conditions for particulate matter, chlorine compounds, and heavy metals. The ash streams were characterized for heavy metals. The results obtained were compared with national legislation. The results obtained suggest that (i) the combustion efficiency was very high, (ii) there was an enrichment of ashes with heavy metals in the cyclones compared to the bed material, (iii) in general, the flue gas emissions were below the permited limits, and (iv) for the compliance with the new European directive for stricter emission limits adequate control devices, like bag filters, should be integrated with refuse derived fuel (RDF) combustion.

scholarly journals Developing of experimental combustion boiler with stationary fluidized bed and multifuels combustion

2021 ◽  
Vol 345 ◽  
pp. 00014
Author(s):  
Marek Jadlovec ◽  
Stanislav Honus
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Secondary Air ◽  
Experimental Combustion

Due to the outdated higher requirements for reducing emissions of harmful substances in the combustion of fossil fuels and waste in particular, more and more research is needed, which will lead to the provision of various alternatives to influence the emerging pollutants into the atmosphere. This study deals with the development of experimental combustion units with a stationary fluidized bed with regulated parameters of primary and secondary air supply, performed fuel supply and flue gas parameters. Combustion is carried out in a bubbling stationary fluidized bed with a height of 100 mm and a diameter of 140 mm. The fluidized bed consists of ST 54 glass sand with a mean grain size of 0.22 mm. The basic purpose of the study is to describe the construction of the experimental unit with verification of its functionality. On the experimental equipment was realized experiments in terms of combustion various types of fuels, whether they are fossil fuels (coal), alternative fuels as straw pellets, sludge from wastewater treatment plants, sludge from paper mills or their combinations. Determination of temperature and pressure along the entire length of the unit is a device equipped with thermocouples and pressure sensors.

Combustion of Refinery Residues in a CFB-Combustor: Measurement of Intermediate Species Using FTIR

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Barczus ◽  
Bjo¨rn Henning ◽  
Viktor Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Circulating Fluidized Bed ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Thermal Capacity ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Gaseous Species ◽  
Nox Formation ◽  
Secondary Air ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustor

Investigations have been performed to show the feasibility of burning refinery residues (calcined petroleum coke and liquid residues) in a circulating fluidized bed combustor. These experiments were done in a CFBC system with a thermal capacity of 100 kW. The unit has been equipped with an additional dosing system for liquid fuels including a newly developed fuel lance. The pollutant formation characteristics are determined using axial profile measurements at 19 different ports along the combustion chamber. To optimize the combustion process and to minimize gaseous pollutants, several operating parameters of the system are varied independently. These parameters are the primary to secondary air ratio, the global air to fuel ratio, the residence time in the primary zone, the overall temperature of the combustion chamber and the Ca/S ratio. Measurements of the flue gas components O2, CxHy, CO, CO2, H2, NOx, N2O, NH3 and SO2 are performed by standard gas analysing techniques. It is important to note that the system is equipped with a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) to qualitatively and quantitatively determine selected gaseous species which are essential for the formation and consumption of N2O and other pollutants. The gas species measured by FTIR-Spectroscopy are CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C3H6 and C3H8. Also the important precursors for the NOx-formation HCN and NH3 are examined with the FTIR-Spectrometer. The investigations demonstrate that (liquid) refinery residues can be burned successfully as a monofuel within the circulating fluidized bed combustor. The emissions of all pollutants detected are at a low level.

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