A Novel Dynamic Friction Model Based on Asperity Creep

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Goedecke ◽  
Randolf Mock
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Rough Surfaces ◽  
Fractal Model ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Dynamic Friction ◽  
Surface Asperity ◽  
Perfectly Plastic ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Asperity Model

We present a novel approach for the simulation of dynamic friction in engineering systems, based on a new surface asperity model including creep effects. Our novel friction model aims at understanding the link between the microscopic origins of friction dynamics and the response of the engineering-level friction induced vibrations. The approach is based on the assumption that the time- and velocity-dependent friction coefficient is mainly caused by creep growth of surface asperity contacts (microscopic contact patches between two rough surfaces) as proposed by Kragelskii, Rabinowicz, Scholz and others. At the heart of our approach is a new asperity model that includes creep effects. Based on the pioneering work of Etsion et al., we conducted extensive FEM simulations to analyze the creep behavior of an elastic-perfectly plastic hemisphere in contact with a rigid flat. The new asperity model is used as a building block for a fractal model for the contact between rough surfaces. The model yields the time- and velocity-dependent macroscopic friction coefficient. We demonstrate the practical applicability of the new dynamic friction model in a simple block-on-conveyor test case to analyze friction induced vibrations.

Adhesive Effects on Dynamic Friction for Unlubricated Rough Planar Surfaces

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Shi ◽  
Andreas A. Polycarpou
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Dynamic Friction ◽  
Friction Behavior ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Normal Contact ◽  
Continuous Contact ◽  
Dynamic Friction Coefficient

As the size of contacting and sliding tribosystems decrease, intermolecular or adhesive forces become significant partly due to nanometer size surface roughness. The presence of adhesion has a major influence on the interfacial contact and friction forces as well as the microtribosystem dynamics and thus influences the overall dynamic friction behavior. In this paper, a dynamic friction model that explicitly includes adhesion, interfacial damping and the system dynamics for realistic rough surfaces was developed. The results show that the amplitude and mean value of the time varying normal contact and friction forces increase in the presence of adhesion under continuous contact conditions. Also, due to the attractive nature of adhesion, its presence delays or eliminates the occurrence of loss of contact. Furthermore, in the presence of significant adhesion, dynamic friction behavior is significantly more complicated compared to the no adhesion case, and the dynamic friction coefficient predictions may be misleading. Thus, it is more appropriate to discuss dynamic friction force instead of dynamic friction coefficient under dynamic conditions.

scholarly journals Asymmetric Asperity Height Distributions in a Scale-Dependent Model for Contact and Friction

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
George G. Adams ◽  
Sinan Mu¨ftu¨
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Weibull Distribution ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Asymmetric Distribution ◽  
Asperity Height ◽  
Dependent Model ◽  
Asperity Model

The effect of an asymmetric distribution of asperity heights is accounted for in a recently developed scale-dependent multi-asperity model of contact and friction. A Weibull distribution of asperity heights is used which allows the skew and kurtosis to be varied, but not independently of each other. The contact and friction model used includes the effects of adhesion and of scale-dependent friction. The results obtained demonstrate that positive/negative skew decreases/increases both the friction coefficient and its dependence on the magnitude of the normal load.

On the Modeling of Quasi-Steady and Unsteady Dynamic Friction in Sliding Lubricated Line Contact

2009 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sojoudi ◽  
M. M. Khonsari
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Reynolds Equation ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Sliding Contact ◽  
Dynamic Friction ◽  
Line Contact ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Friction Behavior ◽  
Lubricated Sliding

A simple but realistic dynamic friction model for the lubricated sliding contact is developed based on decoupling the steady and unsteady terms in Reynolds equation. The model realistically captures the physics of friction behavior both when speed is increased unidirectionally or when operating under oscillating condition. The model can simulate the transition from boundary to mixed to full film regimes as the speed is increased. Two different classes of simulations are performed to show the utility of the model: the so-called quasisteady, where the sliding velocity is varied very slowly, and the oscillating sliding velocity, where the friction coefficient exhibits a hysteresis type behavior. Both categories of simulation are verified by comparing the results with published experimental data.

Adhesive Effects on Dynamic Friction for Unlubricated Rough Planar Surfaces

2006 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 841-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Shi ◽  
Andreas A. Polycarpou
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Dynamic Friction ◽  
Friction Behavior ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Normal Contact ◽  
Continuous Contact ◽  
Dynamic Friction Coefficient

As the size of contacting and sliding tribosystems decrease, intermolecular or adhesive forces become significant partly due to nanometer size surface roughness. The presence of adhesion has a major influence on the interfacial contact and friction forces as well as the microtribosystem dynamics (microtribodynamics) and thus influences the overall dynamic friction behavior. In this paper, a dynamic friction model that explicitly includes adhesion, interfacial damping, and the system dynamics for realistic rough surfaces was developed. The results show that the amplitude and mean value of the time varying normal contact and friction forces increase in the presence of adhesion under continuous contact conditions. Also, due to the attractive nature of adhesion, its presence delays or eliminates the occurrence of loss of contact. Furthermore, in the presence of significant adhesion, dynamic friction behavior is significantly more complicated compared to the no adhesion case, and the dynamic friction coefficient predictions may be misleading. Thus, it is more appropriate to discuss dynamic friction force instead of dynamic friction coefficient under dynamic conditions.

Comparison of Multiscale Analytical Model of Friction and Wear of Viscoelastic Materials With Experiments

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anahita Emami ◽  
Seyedmeysam Khaleghian ◽  
Chuang Su ◽  
Saied Taheri
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Rough Surface ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Normal Force ◽  
Rough Surfaces ◽  
Dynamic Friction ◽  
Viscoelastic Materials ◽  
Fractal Properties

Friction and wear of viscoelastic materials like rubbers are topics of extreme practical importance such as the construction of tires, shoe heels and soles, rubber O-ring seals, and wiper blades. Friction of viscoelastic materials differs from the frictional properties of the elastic solids as friction is directly related to energy dissipation via the internal damping of such materials while purely elastic materials do not dissipate energy. Based on hysteresis properties of viscoelastic materials, physics based multiscale models were developed by Persson for fiction [1, 2] and powdery wear [3] of rubbers sliding on rough surfaces. In this research, these theories were studied and the theoretical results were compared with experimental results obtained from a dynamic friction/wear tester. The inputs to the theoretical models were the fractal properties of the rough surface, the dynamic modulus, and the fatigue behavior of the viscoelastic material. The fractal properties of the rough surface was obtained from the 3D profile of the surface measured using an optical profilometer. The dynamic modulus of the rubber samples was characterized via dynamic mechanical analysis at different frequencies and temperatures. The fatigue crack growth behavior of the samples were found from experimental results of crack propagation versus tearing energy obtained from the fatigue test. Then, the friction coefficient between different rubber samples and rough surfaces was calculated as a function of sliding velocity using both analytical model and experimental approach. In the dynamic friction/wear tester, normal force was adjusted and measured accurately, in addition, the frictional force was measured using a load cell in longitudinal direction along the sliding axis. The experimental sliding friction coefficient was calculated as the ratio of longitudinal force at a constant velocity to the normal force. The mass loss of rubber sample was measured by weighting the sample before and after each test to obtain the wear rate. The comparison between experimental and analytical results showed that the friction model could predict the friction coefficient accurately while the theory of powdery wear is unable to capture all the physics involved in rubber wear on rough surfaces.

A Static Friction Model for Elastic-Plastic Contacting Rough Surfaces

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lior Kogut ◽  
Izhak Etsion
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Rough Surfaces ◽  
Static Friction ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Plasticity Index ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Static Friction Coefficient ◽  
Contact Adhesion ◽  
Limiting Case

A model that predicts the static friction for elastic-plastic contact of rough surfaces is presented. The model incorporates the results of accurate finite element analyses for the elastic-plastic contact, adhesion and sliding inception of a single asperity in a statistical representation of surface roughness. The model shows strong effect of the external force and nominal contact area on the static friction coefficient in contrast to the classical laws of friction. It also shows that the main dimensionless parameters affecting the static friction coefficient are the plasticity index and adhesion parameter. The effect of adhesion on the static friction is discussed and found to be negligible at plasticity index values larger than 2. It is shown that the classical laws of friction are a limiting case of the present more general solution and are adequate only for high plasticity index and negligible adhesion. Some potential limitations of the present model are also discussed pointing to possible improvements. A comparison of the present results with those obtained from an approximate CEB friction model shows substantial differences, with the latter severely underestimating the static friction coefficient.

Experimental Investigations of the Rubber-Asphalt Sliding Pair Dynamics

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ante Bozˇic´ ◽  
Ivan Petrovic´ ◽  
Nedjeljko Peric´ ◽  
Jadranko Matusˇko
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Friction Force ◽  
Contact Surface ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Laboratory Model ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Dynamic Friction ◽  
The Road ◽  
Friction Models

A laboratory model for experimental investigations of the rubber-asphalt sliding pair has been designed with the purpose of better understanding of dynamic behavior of the friction force in the contact patch between the car tire and the road. Its design is described and some experimental results are given. These results confirm that it is essential to use a dynamic friction model in order to describe friction force in contact between the car tire and the road. Moreover, they indicate that the existing dynamic friction models night be physically incorrect regarding the change of friction coefficient for an asperity bristle passing through the contact surface.

scholarly journals The Influence of Hydrothermal Aging on the Dynamic Friction Model of Rubber Seals

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Jian Wu ◽  
Hang Luo ◽  
Haohao Li ◽  
Benlong Su ◽  
Youshan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Coulomb Friction ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Static Friction ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Dynamic Friction ◽  
Hydrothermal Aging ◽  
Static Friction Coefficient ◽  
Sealing Ring ◽  
Friction Performance

Cylinder has become an indispensable and important pneumatic actuator in the development of green production technology. The sealing performance of the cylinder directly affects its safety and reliability. Under the service environment of the cylinder, hydrothermal aging of the rubber sealing ring directly affects the dynamic friction performance of the cylinder. So, the dynamic friction model of the cylinder has been developed based on the LuGre friction model, which considers the influence of hydrothermal aging. Here, the influences of the static friction coefficient and Coulomb friction coefficient on the friction model are analyzed. Then, the aging characteristic equation of rubber is embedded in the model for revealing the influence of aging on the friction coefficient of the model. Results show that the aging temperature, aging time, and compressive stress affects the friction coefficient; the variation of the static friction coefficient is larger than that of the Coulomb friction coefficient. The improved cylinder friction model can describe the influence of the aging process on the cylinder friction characteristics, which is of great significance in the design of the cylinder’s dynamic performance.

scholarly journals A Simple Mechanistic Model for Friction of Rough Partially Lubricated Surfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Costagliola ◽  
Tobias Brink ◽  
Julie Richard ◽  
Christian Leppin ◽  
Aude Despois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Real Contact Area ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Dynamic Friction ◽  
Real Contact ◽  
Dynamic Friction Coefficient ◽  
Direct Measurements

AbstractWe report experimental measurements of friction between an aluminum alloy sliding over steel with various lubricant densities. Using the topography scans of the surfaces as input, we calculate the real contact area using the boundary element method and the dynamic friction coefficient by means of a simple mechanistic model. Partial lubrication of the surfaces is accounted for by a random deposition model of oil droplets. Our approach reproduces the qualitative trends of a decrease of the macroscopic friction coefficient with applied pressure, due to a larger fraction of the micro-contacts being lubricated for larger loads. This approach relates direct measurements of surface topography to realistic distributions of lubricant, suggesting possible model extensions towards quantitative predictions.

scholarly journals Analysis of High-Friction Surface Texture with Respect to Friction and Wear

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 758
Author(s):  
Cibi Pranav ◽  
Minh-Tan Do ◽  
Yi-Chang Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scanning System ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Texture Parameters ◽  
Aggregate Loss ◽  
Friction Surfaces ◽  
The Impact

High Friction Surfaces (HFS) are applied to increase friction capacity on critical roadway sections, such as horizontal curves. HFS friction deterioration on these sections is a safety concern. This study deals with characterization of the aggregate loss, one of the main failure mechanisms of HFS, using texture parameters to study its relationship with friction. Tests are conducted on selected HFS spots with different aggregate loss severity levels at the National Center for Asphalt Technology (NCAT) Test Track. Friction tests are performed using a Dynamic Friction Tester (DFT). The surface texture is measured by means of a high-resolution 3D pavement scanning system (0.025 mm vertical resolution). Texture data are processed and analyzed by means of the MountainsMap software. The correlations between the DFT friction coefficient and the texture parameters confirm the impact of change in aggregates’ characteristics (including height, shape, and material volume) on friction. A novel approach to detect the HFS friction coefficient transition based on aggregate loss, inspired by previous works on the tribology of coatings, is proposed. Using the proposed approach, preliminary outcomes show it is possible to observe the rapid friction coefficient transition, similar to observations at NCAT. Perspectives for future research are presented and discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document