Performance and Emissions of a CRDI Passenger Van Using CME-Diesel Blends

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin N. Quiros ◽  
Rupert Karlo D. Aguila ◽  
Manuel V. Hernandez ◽  
Joseph Gerard T. Reyes ◽  
Jose Gabriel E. Mercado
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Performance Loss ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Performance And Emissions

In a move to reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels, develop and utilize indigenous renewable and sustainably-sourced clean energy sources, the Philippines enacted the Biofuels Act of 2006 (or Republic Act 9367) that mandated blending of biodiesel with commercially sold diesel fuels which presently is at 2% coconut methyl ester (CME) by volume. Deliberations are underway to shift to 5% by volume so that data on the effects on performance and emissions of percentage blends are necessary. This study presents fuel consumption and emissions measurements of an in-use passenger van with a common-rail direct injection (CRDI) powertrain fueled with 2, 5, 10, & 20 percent CME-diesel blends by volume (designated as B2, B5, B10, & B20 respectively) driven on the Japanese 10–15 Mode drive cycle. Results indicate B2-B20 had only a marginal effect on heating values, fuel blend density, and maximum power. Relative to neat diesel, the blends showed a 1–5% lower specific fuel consumption (SFC) with B5 lowest. Mileage was 1–5% higher with the blends with B5 highest. CO decreased with increasing blend. THC emissions of B1-B20 were roughly half that of diesel. NOx from the CME blends was marginally lower than diesel. The CO and THC trends agreed with published literature and usually ascribed to overall lean mixtures and increased amount of oxygenated fuel at higher CME blends. The NOx results need further investigation as it seemed to contradict other studies. Based on these results, B5 yielded the best combination of fuel economy and emissions improvement over neat diesel and B2 without performance loss.

scholarly journals Effect of butanol on fuel consumption and smoke emission of direct injection diesel engine fueled by jatropha oil and diesel fuel blends with cold EGR system

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 02010
Author(s):  
Syarifudin ◽  
Syaiful ◽  
Eflita Yohana
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Jatropha Oil ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Direct Injection Diesel Engine

Diesel engines are widely used in industry, automotive, power generation due to better reliability and higher efficiency. However, diesel engines produce high smoke emissions. The main problem of diesel engine is actually the use of fossil fuels as a source of energy whose availability is diminishing. Therefore alternative fuels for diesel fuels such as jatropha and butanol are needed to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. In this study, the effect of butanol usage on fuel consumption and smoke emissions of direct injection diesel engine fueled by jatropha oil and diesel fuel with cold EGR system was investigated. The percentage of butanol was in the range of 5 to 15%, jatropha oil was in the range of 10 to 30% and the balance was diesel fuel. Cold EGR was varied through valve openings from 0 to 100% with 25% intervals. The experimental data shows that the BSFC value increases with increasing percentage of butanol. In addition, the use of EGR results in a higher increase of BSFC than that without EGR. While the addition of butanol into a blend of jatropha oil and diesel fuel causes a decrease in smoke emissions. The results also informed that the use of EGR in the same fuel blend led to increased smoke emissions.

Fuel Economy and Emissions of Philippine CME-Diesel Blends From Drive Cycle and Steady Speed Operation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey James C. Laguitao ◽  
Edwin N. Quiros ◽  
Jose Gabriel E. Mercado ◽  
Paul L. Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Drive Cycle ◽  
Performance Loss ◽  
Vehicle Operation ◽  
Blend Fuel ◽  
All Speeds

Abstract This paper presents a study on the effects of transient and steady-state vehicle operation on fuel economy and emissions trends of an in-use Euro 2 Asian utility vehicle in the Philippines, with a normally aspirated direct-injection engine, and fueled with different CME-diesel blends designated as B1, B2, B3, B5, B10, B20, B50, & B100 corresponding to increasing CME percentage blends. The vehicle was driven on a chassis dynamometer following the Japanese 10-15 Mode drive cycle and at steady speeds of 40, 60, & 80 kph for fuel consumption and CO, NOx, and THC measurements. PM measurements were not undertaken. Drive cycle results showed that adding CME up to 20% by volume (B20) has a small effect on the heating values, specific fuel consumption (SFC), fuel economy (FE), and maximum power. Relative to neat diesel, the increase in SFC, lower FE and power beyond B20 were attributed to lower heating values at higher blends. CO was practically constant while THC and NOx generally decreased with increasing CME blends. The CO and THC trends were ascribed to overall lean mixtures and increased amount of oxygenated fuel at higher CME blends. B20 yielded the most emissions reduction without performance loss. Steady speed results indicated for all blends, SFC increased with vehicle speed due to higher road load. Above B10, SFC went beyond 5% higher than that for neat diesel and is attributed to lowered heating values of higher blends. The SFC of blends up to B10 approached that of neat diesel as speed increased suggesting more diesel-like combustion characteristics. The blend fuel economy showed an inverse relationship to SFC as expected. Both CO and NOx exhibited slightly decreasing trends with higher blends at all speeds. For a given blend, CO decreased while NOx increased as speed went higher. THC followed bowl-shaped trendlines with blend ratio. THC was high for neat diesel going lowest at B5-B10 and upwards again beyond B10. For a given blend, THC emissions decreased with increasing vehicle speed.

A Taguchi-Fuzzy-Based Multi-Objective Optimization of a Direct Injection Diesel Engine Fueled With Different Blends of Leucas Zeylanica Methyl Ester and 2-Ethylhexyl Nitrate Diesel Additive With Diesel

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jibitesh Kumar Panda ◽  
G. R. K. Sastry ◽  
Ram Naresh Rai
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Taguchi Optimization ◽  
Emission Analysis ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Engine Emission ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Engine Condition

The increasing price of conventional diesel fuel, its deficiency, and the injurious outcome of combustion produced contaminants seem to make different sources more fascinating. Leucas zeylanica plant is noncomestible in nature and available abundantly. Leucas zeylanica methyl ester is renewable and least polluting fuel, which can supplement fossil fuels with unmodified engine condition. The existing experimentation assesses the performance and emission analysis by using various blends of leucas zeylanica methyl ester, diesel, and diesel additives like 2-ethylhexyl nitrate. This experimental investigation gives less engine emission and better performance as compared with mineral diesel. In the radical portion of this investigation, fuzzy-based Taguchi optimization for predicting the optimum input blends results in the optimum combination of performance and emissions parameter.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF INLET AIR TEMPERATURE ON COMBUSTION, PERFORMANCE AND EMISSIONS OF GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION (GDI) ENGINE FUELLED BY LPG FUEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-301
Author(s):  
Mohanad Aldhaidhawi ◽  
Oras Khudhayer Obayes ◽  
Muneer Najee
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Fire Temperature ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
And Performance

In the present work, the direct-injection petrol engine (GDI) combustion, emissions and performance at different engine speeds (1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000 rpm) with a constant throttle position have been studied. The fuel considered in this work is liquid petroleum gas (LPG) and gasoline. The software adopted in all simulations by the AVL BOOST 2016. A Hyundai 2.0 liter, 16 valves and 4 cylinders engine with a compression ratio 17.5:1 is used. The effect of several inlet air temperatures (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 oC) on the engine performance, combustion and emissions are also studied. The results show that the increase in the inlet air temperature leading to increase the peak fire temperature, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and nitrogen oxide (NOx). However, this process results in a reduction in the peak fire pressure, combustion period (duration), brake power and brake torque. The maximum fire temperature and maximum specific fuel consumption can be achieved when the engine speed is 3000 rpm and the inlet air temperature is 50 ºC.

Effects of Ethanol-n butanol-diesel Oxygenated Fuel on Performance of Diesel Engine

2013 ◽  
Vol 860-863 ◽  
pp. 1766-1769
Author(s):  
Ming Wei Xiao ◽  
Jin'ge He
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Fuel Supply ◽  
Direct Injection Diesel Engine ◽  
Oxygenated Fuel ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Blend Fuel

The experiments of the economy performance and emissions of diesel engine fueled with ethanol-n butanol-diesel were performed on a dual-cylinder direct injection diesel engine. The results show that without modification on the engine, while the mixed proportion of ethanol getting larger, the equivalent brake specific fuel consumption decreases and effective thermal efficiency increases when the diesel engine work on medium and high loads condition, NOX emissions and smoke decreased obviously. But the smoke increased when the proportion of ethanol is 20%. And the results also indicate that it is beneficial for decreasing the smoke and NOX emissions to reduce suitably fuel supply advance angle when the diesel engine fueled with blend fuel mixed high proportion of ethanol.

Performance and Emissions Characteristics of Philippine CME-Diesel Blends

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin N. Quiros ◽  
Jeffrey James C. Laguitao
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Performance Loss ◽  
Oxygenated Fuel ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Utility Vehicle ◽  
Lower Heating

Deliberations in the Philippines are underway on the shift to 5% (B5) CME-diesel blend from the current B2 blend. In support to said deliberations, a fuel economy and gaseous emissions study of B1–B50 CME-diesel blends was conducted using an in-use Asian utility vehicle running on the Japanese 10–15 Mode drive cycle. Results show that adding CME up to 20% by volume (B20) has a small effect on the heating values, specific fuel consumption (SFC), mileage, and maximum power. Relative to neat diesel, the increase in SFC, and lower mileage and power beyond B20 were attributed to lower heating values at higher blends. CO was practically constant while THC and NOx generally decreased with increasing CME blends. The CO and THC trends were ascribed to overall lean mixtures and increased amount of oxygenated fuel at higher CME blends. The decreasing NOx trend needs further investigation as it seemed contrary to other studies. Based on these results, the shift to B5 would insignificantly affect fuel economy and likely lessen THC and NOx emissions. B20 yielded the most emissions reduction without performance loss.

scholarly journals Study on the Greenhouse Gases Generated by the Direct Injection Diesel Engines Running on Biodiesel

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 616-621
Author(s):  
Doru Coşofreţ ◽  
Cătălin Popa ◽  
Marian Ristea
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption

Abstract The formation of CO2 emissions is largely dependent on the carbon content of the fuel used in diesel engines and on the fuel consumption. The mixture of biodiesel in fossil fuels is in line with most of the research presented in the specialty literature, a method of reducing CO2 emissions from diesel engines. Due to these controversies on the obtained results, the research of the biodiesel effects blended with fossil fuels is still a matter of study. Therefore, a laboratory study has been conducted on a naturally aspirated 4-stroke diesel engine, using different mixtures (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40 and 50%) of diesel with biodiesel produced from oil rape. The results of the study revealed the fact that CO2 emissions of the blends used are lower than the same emissions produced when powering the engine with diesel fuel. Furthermore, of all blends used in the study, the 15% biodiesel mixture in diesel fuel was marked by a major decrease of CO2 emissions and of specific fuel consumption.

Performance Characteristics of Philippine Hydrous Ethanol-Gasoline Blends: Preliminary Findings

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Luis Yu ◽  
Edwin N. Quiros
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Engine Speed Range ◽  
Speed Range ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Ethanol Blends ◽  
Hydrous Ethanol

Abstract To reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels and develop indigenous biofuels, the Philippines enacted the Biofuels Act of 2006 which currently mandates a 10% by volume blend of 99.6% anhydrous bio-ethanol for commercially sold Unleaded and Premium gasolines. To urge a regulation review of the anhydrous requirement and examine the suitability for automotive use of hydrous bioethanol (HBE) blends, preliminary engine dynamometer tests at 1400–4400 rpm were conducted to measure specific fuel consumption (SFC) and power. In this study, HBE (95 % ethanol and 5% water by volume) produced from sweet sorghum using a locally-developed process, was blended volumetrically with three base gasoline fuels — Neat, Unleaded, and Premium. The four HBE blends tested were 10% and 20% with Neat gasoline, 20% with Unleaded gasoline, and 20% with Premium gasoline. For blends with Neat gasoline, the SFC of the 10%HBE blend was comparable with to slightly higher than Neat gasoline. The SFC of the 20%HBE blend was comparable with Neat gasoline up to 2800 rpm and lower beyond this speed thus being better overall than the 10%HBE blend. Compared to their respective commercial base fuels, the HBE-Unleaded blend showed lower SFC while the HBE-Premium blend yielded slightly higher SFC over most of the engine speed range. Between commercial fuel blends, the HBE-Unleaded blend gave better SFC than the HBE-Premium blend. Power was practically similar for the fuels tested. No engine operational problems and fuel blend phase separation were encountered during the tests. This preliminary study indicated the suitability of and possible optimum hydrous bio-ethanol blends for automotive use under Philippine conditions.

scholarly journals CFD Simulation and a Pragmatic Analysis of Performance and Emissions of Tomato Seed Biodiesel Blends in a 4-Cylinder Diesel Engine

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahim Karami ◽  
Mohammad G. Rasul ◽  
Mohammad M. K. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Tomato Seed ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Tomato Seed Oil

Rising global concerns about global warming caused by pollution from excessive fossil fuels consumption, along with the high price of them in diesel engines, are the important reasons to search for fuels which is readily available and do not have destructive effects on the environment. Biodiesel is arguably the most appropriate and sustainable alternative to diesel fuel. Tomato seeds are one of the potential sources of biodiesel. They make up about 72% by weight of tomato waste, which contains an average of 24% oil. Tomato seed oil (TSO) can be used as a cheap and non-edible source of biodiesel. This paper investigated, both experimentally and numerically, the effects of different diesel–TSOB (tomato seed oil biodiesel) blends on the performance and emissions parameters of a four-cylinder, four-stroke, indirect injection diesel engine. The main goal of the paper was the simulation of the formation process of the emissions in the combustion chamber. The experimentally measured parameters such as torque, brake specific fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, particulate matter, peak in-cylinder pressure, in-cylinder temperature and Reaction_Progress_Variable at different engine loads and speeds from 1200 to 2400 rpm at increments of 200 rpm are analyzed through ANOVA. The highest brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) was observed for pure diesel and the lowest for the fuel blend with 10% biodiesel. The fuel blend with 20% biodiesel produced the highest torque. The engine was modeled using the AVL FIRE software. The model simulation results revealed that the highest nitrogen oxide (NOx) is produced in the throat of the combustion chamber to the top of the piston, the place of carbon dioxides (CO2) formation is near the combustion chamber boundaries and the location of carbon monoxides (CO) formation is near the combustion chamber boundaries and at the center area of the top of the piston. These results also show that the particulate matter (PM) emissions are formed where the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber.

scholarly journals Research on the Combustion, Energy and Emission Parameters of Various Concentration Blends of Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil Biofuel and Diesel Fuel in a Compression-Ignition Engine

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredas Rimkus ◽  
Justas Žaglinskis ◽  
Saulius Stravinskas ◽  
Paulius Rapalis ◽  
Jonas Matijošius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Torque Load

This article presents our research results on the physical-chemical and direct injection diesel engine performance parameters when fueled by pure diesel fuel and retail hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO). This fuel is called NexBTL by NESTE, and this renewable fuel blends with a diesel fuel known as Pro Diesel. A wide range of pure diesel fuel and NexBTL100 blends have been tested and analyzed: pure diesel fuel, pure NexBTL, NexBTL10, NexBTL20, NexBTL30, NexBTL40, NexBTL50, NexBTL70 and NexBTL85. The energy, pollution and in-cylinder parameters were analyzed under medium engine speed (n = 2000 and n = 2500 rpm) and brake torque load regimes (30–120 Nm). AVL BOOST software was used to analyze the heat release characteristics. The analysis of brake specific fuel consumption showed controversial results due to the lower density of NexBTL. The mass fuel consumption decreased by up to 4%, and the volumetric consumption increased by up to approximately 6%. At the same time, the brake thermal efficiency mainly increased by approximately 0.5–1.4%. CO, CO2, NOx, HC and SM were analyzed, and the change in CO was negligible when increasing NexBTL in the fuel blend. Higher SM reduction was achieved while increasing the percentage of NexBTL in the blends.

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