Optimization of a D-CHP System Based on Monthly Power-to-Heat Ratio

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alta Knizley ◽  
Pedro J. Mago ◽  
James Tobermann
Keyword(s):  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
Operational Strategies ◽  
Chp System ◽  
Conventional Systems ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper, a combined heat and power (CHP) system utilizing two power generation units operating simultaneously with differing operational strategies (D-CHP) is analyzed on the basis of operational cost savings. An operating cost optimization metric, based on the facility monthly power-to-heat-ratio (PHR), is presented. The PHR is defined as the ratio between the electric load and the thermal load required by the facility. Previous work in this field has suggested that D-CHP system performance may be improved by limiting operation of the system to months in which the PHR is relatively low. The focus of this paper is to illustrate how the facility PHR can be used to determine the potential of a D-CHP system to reduce operational cost. This paper analyzed the relationship between the PHR and the operational cost savings of six different benchmark buildings, including buildings that are traditionally poor candidates for CHP or D-CHP systems, due to high cost of operation as compared with conventional systems with separate heating and power (SHP). Achieving operational costs savings through optimal operation based on monthly PHR for these building types can enhance the practical implementation potential of D-CHP and CHP systems.

scholarly journals The Factor Affecting to Profitability of Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk. Period 2011-2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-98
Author(s):  
Diana Riyana Harjayanti ◽  
Ade Irma ◽  
Ratna Tri Hari Safariningsih ◽  
Fajar Gumilang Kosasih
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Operating Income ◽  
Capital Adequacy Ratio ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study is to determine factors Capital Adequacy Ratio, Non-Performing Loans and Operational Cost of Operating Income, Return On Assets as profitability at PT. Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk. with periode 2011-2020. The research method used in this study is descriptive quantitative. The population used is the financial statements of PT. Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk. The sample used is data that comes from the notes to the financial statements and income statements of PT. Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk. in the period 2011 to 2020. Based on the results of the partial test (t test) the results is Capital Adequacy Ratio and Non Performing Loan have not a significant influence on Return On Assets and Operational Cost of Operating Income has a significant influence on Return On Assets. But base on simultan (F test) shows that the Capital Adequacy Ratio, Non Performing Loan and Operational Cost of Operating Income have a significant influence on Return On Assets. In the coefficient of determination, the value of Adjusted R Square is 92.60%, Return On Assets can be explained by the Capital Adequacy Ratio, Non-Performing Loans and Operating Cost of Operating Income, which means that the relationship between variables has a strong correlation, while the remaining 7.4% can be explained by other variables.  

scholarly journals Multi-Agent Based Optimal Operation of Hybrid Energy Sources Coupled with Demand Response Programs

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7756
Author(s):  
Tope Roseline Olorunfemi ◽  
Nnamdi I. Nwulu
Keyword(s):  
Demand Response ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
Multi Agent

Electricity is an indispensable commodity on which both urban and rural regions heavily rely. Rural areas where the main grid cannot reach make use of distributed energy resources (DER), especially renewable energy sources (RES), in an islanded microgrid. Therefore, it is necessary to make sure there is a sufficient power supply to balance the demand and supply curve and meet people’s demands. The work done in this paper aims to minimize the daily operating cost of the hybrid microgrid while incorporating a demand response strategy built on an incentive-based demand response (IBDR) model. Three case studies were constructed and analyzed to derive the best, most reduced daily operational cost. This was achieved using the CPLEX solver embedded in algebraic modeling language in the Advanced Interactive Multidimensional Modeling Systems (AIMMS) software with multi-agent system (MAS); the MAS was used to make sure that the developed intelligent-based agents work independently to achieve an optimal microgrid system. The sensitivity analysis employed established that case study 2 gave the most reduced daily operation cost (USD 119), which represents an 8% reduction in the daily operational cost from case study 1 and a 9% reduction from case study 3. Then, we achieved 17% and 25% reductions, as compared to specific other approaches.

Communicative Transformation of Professional Values of Modern Scientific Communities

Communicology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
A.S. Proskurina
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Professional Values ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Scientific Communities ◽  
Neoliberal Reforms ◽  
Communication Practices ◽  
The Relationship

Today ethics is embodied not only in day-to-day life, but also in the communication that surrounds it. The study of communication in professional communities makes it possible to determine the relationship between declared and practically embodied values in work. Ethical attitudes are not only postulates embedded in ethical codes, but also principles of interaction embodied in the construction of the information space and decision-making. Features of modern communications influence the way professional ethics is structured, which, in turn, affects its content and practical implementation. The communication through the Internet makes scientific work performative, filling it with symbols and labels. Increasingly, communication practices have to be carried out around indicators, and thus communication becomes a conductor of neoliberal reforms in scientific work. Therefore, the consequence of modern forms of communication is the forced utilitarianism of ethics associated with the need to compete in the “scientific market”. The article suggests possible ways to overcome the contradictions of communicative transformations of professional values.

Whole life costing: application to water distribution network

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Engelhardt ◽  
D. Savic ◽  
P. Skipworth ◽  
A. Cashman ◽  
A. Saul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Management ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Activity Based Costing ◽  
Operational Strategies ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Whole Life Costing

There is an increasing pressure from the economic regulator in England and Wales for water companies to ensure that their capital maintenance decisions reflect an understanding of the long-term impact on their operational costs and risks. This implies that decisions must not only reflect the costs borne now but the likely costs in the future, and how these might be optimised. It is noteworthy that within the construction and transport industries, asset management decisions which have been driven in this direction utilise a whole life costing (WLC) methodology. This paper addresses the implications of transferring the concept of WLC to service-based assets such as water systems. A WLC approach to distribution network management aims to achieve the lowest network provision and operating cost when all costs are considered to achieve standards enforced by regulation. Cognisance is to be taken of all relevant costs - direct and indirect, private and societal - in order to balance the needs of the service supplier, the customer, society and the environment in a sustainable manner. A WLC analysis thus attempts to develop a cost profile over the life of the asset. Accounting for the costs over this period is achieved through a combination of activity based costing (ABC) and a life cycle assessment (LCA) used to identify potential social and environmental costs. This process means that each of these identified costs must be linked to some physical parameter that itself varies over time due to changing demands on the system, the different operational strategies available to the operator and natural deterioration of the fabric of the system. The links established between the cost and activities of the operator provide the basis for the development of a WLC decision tool (WiLCO) for application to water distribution network management.

Pound Wise and Penny Foolish? Weight Loss and The Dynamics of Health Care Spending

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G Koch
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Health Care Spending ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Dynamic Measures ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Current estimates of obesity costs ignore the impact of future weight loss and gain, and may either over or underestimate economic consequences of weight loss. In light of this, I construct static and dynamic measures of medical costs associated with body mass index (BMI), to be balanced against the cost of one-time interventions. This study finds that ignoring the implications of weight loss and gain over time overstates the medical-cost savings of such interventions by an order of magnitude. When the relationship between spending and age is allowed to vary, weight-loss attempts appear to be cost-effective starting and ending with middle age. Some interventions recently proven to decrease weight may also be cost-effective.

Seawater Scrubbing for the Removal of Sulfur Dioxide in a Steam Turbine Power Plant

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akili D. Khawaji ◽  
Jong-Mihn Wie
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil

The most popular method of controlling sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions in a steam turbine power plant is a flue gas desulfurization (FGD) process that uses lime/limestone scrubbing. Another relatively newer FGD technology is to use seawater as a scrubbing medium to absorb SO2 by utilizing the alkalinity present in seawater. This seawater scrubbing FGD process is viable and attractive when a sufficient quantity of seawater is available as a spent cooling water within reasonable proximity to the FGD scrubber. In this process the SO2 gas in the flue gas is absorbed by seawater in an absorber and subsequently oxidized to sulfate by additional seawater. The benefits of the seawater FGD process over the lime/limestone process and other processes are; 1) The process does not require reagents for scrubbing as only seawater and air are needed, thereby reducing the plant operating cost significantly, and 2) No solid waste and sludge are generated, eliminating waste disposal, resulting in substantial cost savings and increasing plant operating reliability. This paper reviews the thermodynamic aspects of the SO2 and seawater system, basic process principles and chemistry, major unit operations consisting of absorption, oxidation and neutralization, plant operation and performance, cost estimates for a typical seawater FGD plant, and pertinent environmental issues and impacts. In addition, the paper presents the major design features of a seawater FGD scrubber for the 130 MW oil fired steam turbine power plant that is under construction in Madinat Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah, Saudi Arabia. The scrubber with the power plant designed for burning heavy fuel oil containing 4% sulfur by weight, is designed to reduce the SO2 level in flue gas to 425 ng/J from 1,957 ng/J.

scholarly journals Multi-Country Analysis on Energy Savings in Buildings by Means of a Micro-Solar Organic Rankine Cycle System: A Simulation Study

Environments ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Arteconi ◽  
Luca Del Zotto ◽  
Roberto Tascioni ◽  
Khamid Mahkamov ◽  
Chris Underwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
The North

In this paper, the smart management of buildings energy use by means of an innovative renewable micro-cogeneration system is investigated. The system consists of a concentrated linear Fresnel reflectors solar field coupled with a phase change material thermal energy storage tank and a 2 kWe/18 kWth organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system. The microsolar ORC was designed to supply both electricity and thermal energy demand to residential dwellings to reduce their primary energy use. In this analysis, the achievable energy and operational cost savings through the proposed plant with respect to traditional technologies (i.e., condensing boilers and electricity grid) were assessed by means of simulations. The influence of the climate and latitude of the installation was taken into account to assess the performance and the potential of such system across Europe and specifically in Spain, Italy, France, Germany, U.K., and Sweden. Results show that the proposed plant can satisfy about 80% of the overall energy demand of a 100 m2 dwelling in southern Europe, while the energy demand coverage drops to 34% in the worst scenario in northern Europe. The corresponding operational cost savings amount to 87% for a dwelling in the south and at 33% for one in the north.

The effectiveness of e-corporate governance: an exploratory study of internet voting at shareholders’ annual meetings in France

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-702
Author(s):  
Sonia Abdennadher ◽  
Walid Cheffi
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Business Law ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Internet Voting ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Governance Effectiveness ◽  
Voting System ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose E-corporate governance or the use of technologies and information systems (ISs) in corporate governance, is still a subject that is too seldom addressed in business research. This paper is at the intersection between two fields of research (corporate governance and the management of ISs), which are interdependent in ways that are still unexplored. The paper analyzes the implications of internet voting (IV) at shareholders’ annual meetings (SAM) for the corporate governance of listed companies in France, in particular for the relationship between executives and shareholders. Most of the studies that have dealt with IV at SAM have focused on techno-legal issues and were often conducted by business law researchers. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the implications of the new voting system through the prism of corporate governance. Design/methodology/approach The authors proceeded by triangulation of methods. This qualitative study is based on observations, interviews and documentary analysis. It assessed the IV implications for both the issuing companies and the shareholders. Findings The new voting system brings undeniable competitive advantage to the issuing company and facilitates shareholders’ activism, yet it has serious risks both for the corporations and for certain categories of the shareholder. Interestingly, the authors propose an original and field-grounded typology that distinguishes the risks and benefits associated with IV in relation to executives’ attitudes. Social implications The paper shows that the resolving of identified deficiencies with IV development could contribute to the alignment of companies’ interests with those of shareholders. Moreover, the study calls for policymakers to appoint an official body to regulate the practical implementation of the new system and to prevent its dissemination being held hostage to the executives’ willingness. Originality/value An original aspect of this research lies in the effective operationalization of the constructs of corporate governance effectiveness with a view to examining corporate governance as a set of technologically mediated practices. Moreover, this study emphasizes the key role of the construct of “executives’ willingness” in facilitating/impeding IV diffusion. This underlies their attempts to reverse the corporate governance relationship.

The sensitivity of economic gains from high-speed planting

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 662-667
Author(s):  
C. R. Dillon ◽  
J. Shockley ◽  
T. Mark
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Model ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Variable Rate ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Variable Rate Application ◽  
Technology Changes ◽  
Profit Potential

Recent technological progress in high-speed planting (HSP) warrants economic analysis of its potential. A whole farm optimization model of a 1000 ha Kentucky, USA corn and soybean operation finds that operating cost savings (labor, fuel, tractor repairs) and yield increases couple in recovering annual ownership costs of HSP technology. Changes in farm net returns are positive for all 12-row planter scenarios and all double speed cases for the 16-row planter but not for a 50% increase in speed with the 16-row planter. The greatest profit potential occurred when adopting the combination of HSP and variable rate application (VRA), with increased net returns of up to 6.57% compared to conventional speed no VRA for the 12-row planter.

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