Adjustable Compliant Mechanism Load Deflection Test Bench Design

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Tekes ◽  
Kevin McFall ◽  
Franklin Woods ◽  
Alexander Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Machine Vision ◽  
Test Object ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Compliant Mechanism ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Linear Actuator ◽  
Flexible Links ◽  
Shaped Beam ◽  
Buckled Beam ◽  
Deflection Test

Two adjustable compliant mechanism load deflection test benches are presented in this study. Both test bench mechanisms enable testing the deflection of flexible links or mechanisms. The modularity of the designs provides to test various link forms such as fixed-fixed and pinned-pinned joints. The load deflection test benches consist of a linear actuator, an amplifier rod, a linear rail and a sliding car. The measurement setup is equipped with force and displacement sensors for the linear actuator, various clamps to attach the compliant member, and machine vision software to measure member deflection. A displacement-controlled loading using a linear actuator, rack-pinion attached to a motor, or step loading with a pulley can be applied as an input to the system. There are several limitations involved in the design. First, the length of the test object should be kept between 5 cm to 30 cm. Second, a low cost linear actuator with a low extension velocity to obtain quasi static deflection curves of the compliant members is required. Finally, the design should also have the capability of providing various types of boundary conditions with interchangeable attachments. The force can be applied either parallel or perpendicular to the test object. Input load deflection is measured with the displacement sensor, and the resulting member displacement measured visually using machine vision software. This software synchronizes data from the displacement sensor and a calibrated camera image to automatically detect deflection using a pinhole camera model and known dimensions of the test apparatus. The purpose of this study is to design and fabricate a load deflection test setup capable of testing flexible links and compliant mechanisms. Two different designs are proposed and explored in this study. The first design is the modification of a commercially available ECP Model 210 educational turnkey system favorably utilized in undergraduate level vibrations and control labs. By attaching the designed clamps on two carts, fixed-fixed and U shaped compliant link load deflection can be obtained. Four cases such as fixed-fixed buckling beam, U shaped beam buckling with one end sliding, already buckled beam loaded at its upper midpoint, and inverse U-shaped beam loaded at its apex to form deflected M beam (with design 2) are considered. In order to achieve buckled beam experiments in which the load is applied at the midpoint of the already buckled links, a new test bench consisting of a linear actuator, rigid links, rail and two sliding cars is designed.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of machine vision of an unmanned vehicle

2021 ◽  
Vol 351 ◽  
pp. 01011
Author(s):  
Roman Zinko ◽  
Oleh Polishchuk ◽  
Joanna Wilczarska
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computer Graphics ◽  
Machine Vision ◽  
Test Object ◽  
Special Test ◽  
Unmanned Vehicle ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Quality Maintenance ◽  
Diagnostic Parameters

There is an increase in the number of cars using artificial intelligence. Therefore, it is necessary to provide quality maintenance of artificial intelligence components, such as machine vision (MV). The paper considers a general approach to the diagnosis of the unmanned vehicle. Based on the analysis of the use of existing systems, general requirements for the diagnosis of unmanned vehicle MV were formulated, diagnostic parameters were proposed. To solve the problem of testing, debugging and diagnostics of the MV, it is proposed to use virtual polygons built using the methods of procedural computer graphics. After diagnosing the MV video cameras, if necessary, they are calibrated according to the images of a special test object.

scholarly journals In Situ Diagnosis of Industrial Motors by Using Vision-Based Smart Sensing Technology

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (24) ◽  
pp. 5340
Author(s):  
Ching-Yuan Chang ◽  
En-Chieh Chang ◽  
Chi-Wen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Machine Vision ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Vibration Monitoring ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Remote Measurement ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Smart Sensing

This study uses machine vision, feature extraction, and support vector machine (SVM) to compose a vibration monitoring system (VMS) for an in situ evaluation of the performance of industrial motors. The vision-based system respectively offers a spatial and temporal resolution of 1.4 µm and 16.6 ms after the image calibration and the benchmark of a laser displacement sensor (LDS). The embedded program of machine vision has used zero-mean normalized correlation (ZNCC) and peak finding (PF) for tracking the registered characteristics on the object surface. The calibrated VMS provides time–displacement curves related to both horizontal and vertical directions, promising remote inspections of selected points without attaching additional markers or sensors. The experimental setup of the VMS is cost-effective and uncomplicated, supporting universal combinations between the imaging system and computational devices. The procedures of the proposed scheme are (1) setting up a digital camera, (2) calibrating the imaging system, (3) retrieving the data of image streaming, (4) executing the ZNCC criteria, and providing the time–displacement results of selected points. The experiment setup of the proposed VMS is straightforward and can cooperate with surveillances in industrial environments. The embedded program upgrades the functionality of the camera system from the events monitoring to remote measurement without the additional cost of attaching sensors on motors or targets. Edge nodes equipped with the image-tracking program serve as the physical layer and upload the extracted features to a cloud server via the wireless sensor network (WSN). The VMS can provide customized services under the architecture of the cyber–physical system (CPS), and this research offers an early warning alarm of the mechanical system before unexpected downtime. Based on the smart sensing technology, the in situ diagnosis of industrial motors given from the VMS enables preventative maintenance and contributes to the precision measurement of intelligent automation.

scholarly journals Measurement Method for Quality Control of Cylinders in Roll-to-Roll Printing Machines

Machines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Scaccabarozzi ◽  
Marianna Magni ◽  
Bortolino Saggin ◽  
Marco Tarabini ◽  
Carmine Cioffi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Surface Finishing ◽  
Contactless Measurement ◽  
Cylinder Surface ◽  
Roll To Roll ◽  
Quality Check

This paper describes a measurement method for the quality control of cylinders for printing machines based on roll-to-roll presses. If the surface finishing of the cylinders is not adequate, the printing is unacceptable, and the defective cylinders must be reworked. The performed quality check of the cylinder surface roughness by means of contact methods was unable to identify the cylinder defects, and acceptance of the manufactured cylinders before integration was demanded to the visual inspection performed by trained operators. In this work a contactless measurement method based on the eddy current displacement sensor was proposed and validated as a tool for quality check as an alternative to optical roughness measurements. A test bench for the characterization of printer cylinders was designed and manufactured, allowing for the validation of the proposed method on different batches of cylinders and the identification of a threshold to guide the acceptance of tested cylinders prior to mounting on the roll-to-roll press.

Dynamic Modeling of Compliant Mechanisms Based on 2R Pseudo-Rigid-Body Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 277-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Jing Wang ◽  
Shu Sheng Bi ◽  
Li Ge Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Modeling ◽  
Compliant Mechanisms ◽  
Compliant Mechanism ◽  
Large Deflections ◽  
Flexible Link ◽  
Flexible Links ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Rigid Body Model ◽  
New Type

Compliant mechanism is a kind of new type mechanism and its analysis is very complex because flexible links often under large deflections which introduce geometry nonlinearities. A new model (2R PRBM) can simulate accurately both the deflection path and angle of the flexible link. A new dynamic model of compliant mechanism is developed using the 2R PRBM. The dynamic equation of planar compliant mechanism is derived. The dynamic analysis on the natural frequency of compliant mechanism is obtained in the example of a planar compliant parallel-guiding mechanism. The numerical results show the advantage of the proposed method for the dynamic analysis of compliant mechanisms.

scholarly journals RESEARCH ON THE HYSTERESIS EFFECT ON POSITIONING THE SYSTEM WITH FLEXIBLE ELEMENTS / POZICIONAVIMO SISTEMOS SU LANKSČIAISIAIS ELEMENTAIS HISTEREZĖS EFEKTO TYRIMAS

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrius Čereška ◽  
Giedrius Augustinavičius
Keyword(s):  
Software Package ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Piezoelectric Actuators ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Hysteresis Phenomenon ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Experimental Researches ◽  
Gathering Data

The paper analyzes the hysteresis phenomenon of positioning systems with flexible elements for transmitting motion of which piezoelectric actuators are used. The article investigates the influence of hysteresis on the accuracy of positioning systems. A special test bench for conducting research and stand-up methodology for carrying out experimental researches have been used. The test bench includes a computer piezo controller, an inductive displacement sensor and a dynamic data collector used for gathering data and transmitting it to the software package. Mathematical modelling of hysteresis using Matlab/Simulink software package has been done. The performed research has shown that the hysteresis model of maximum dispersion error compared to experimental results makes less than 5%. Thus, it can be stated that the selected method for hysteresis modelling is suitable for precision positioning systems having deformable elements and controlled employing piezoelectric actuators to model hysteresis. Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas pozicionavimo sistemos su lanksčiaisiais elementais, kurių judesiui perduoti naudojami pjezoelektriniai vykdikliai, histerezės reiškinys. Tiriama histerezės įtaka pozicionavimo sistemų tikslumui. Tyrimams atlikti naudotas specialus tyrimų stendas ir sudaryta eksperimentinių tyrimų metodika. Tyrimų stendą sudaro: kompiuteris pjezovaldiklis, indukcinis poslinkio jutiklis, duomenims rinkti ir perduoti į programinį paketą naudojamas dinaminis duomenų rinktuvas. Atliktas histerezės matematinis modeliavimas taikant Matlab/Simulink programinį paketą. Tyrimais nustatyta, kad histerezės modelio maksimali sklaidos paklaida, palyginti su eksperimentiniais rezultatais, yra mažesnė nei 5 %, todėl galima teigti, kad pasirinktas histerezės modeliavimo būdas yra tinkamas precizinių pozicionavimo sistemų, turinčių lanksčiuosius elementus, valdomus pjezoelektriniais vykdikliais, histerezei modeliuoti.

scholarly journals Machine vision–based measurement approach for transverse vibrations of moving hoisting vertical ropes in mine hoists using edge location

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 554-566
Author(s):  
Ganggang Wu ◽  
Xingming Xiao ◽  
Jiannan Yao ◽  
Chunyang Song
Keyword(s):  
Machine Vision ◽  
Transverse Vibration ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Vibration Displacement ◽  
Vision Measurement ◽  
Edge Location ◽  
Background Difference ◽  
Mine Hoist

Hoisting vertical rope is a continuum of one-dimensional movement during operation of hoist, and there are no appropriate ways to measure its vibration displacement at present. In this paper, a non-contact and unmarked machine vision measurement method is proposed for measuring the transverse vibration displacement of hoisting vertical ropes. First, we construct the background image to extract the ropes by the background difference method. Subsequently, a novel row-column data statistics filtering algorithm is proposed and applied to the edge detection image for removing the edges of the unmeasured rope. Finally, Hough transformation is used to locate the two edge lines at the boundary of rope and obtain the line parameters, which can be used to calculate the vibration displacement of the measured points at different times. The transverse vibration displacement of a moving hoisting vertical rope in a mine hoist was measured by using the reported machine vision measurement method, verifying the feasibility of the method. In order to verify the validity of the method, a simulation experimental system was built. The proposed method and the laser displacement sensor were used to measure the artificial transverse vibration displacement of a vertical rope simultaneously. The two results are in good consistency, which indicates that the proposed method can be fairly reasonable and accurate to measure the transverse vibration displacement of vertical rope in mine hoists.

The Development of an Displacement Sensor Embedded Voice Coil Motor Based Fast-Tool-Servo for the Machining of Micro-Structure

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 258-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Jun Yang ◽  
You Dun Bai ◽  
Su Juan Wang ◽  
Xin Du Chen ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
External Force ◽  
Compliant Mechanism ◽  
Voice Coil Motor ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Fast Tool Servo ◽  
Optical Encoder ◽  
Lens Array ◽  
Ampere Force ◽  
Micro Lens Array ◽  
Micro Lens

The Fast Tool Servo (FTS) is widely used for the machining of micro-structures, especially for optical micro lens array. The working principle of FTS is that a voice coil motor or a piezoelectric (PZT) actuator is used as the driving elements, and the flexure hinges are developed as the guide mechanisms. In addition, an optical encoder is applied to measure the displacement. However, the existing design of FTS is too complicated and expensive. One reason is that the stroke of the FTS for the fabrication of optical micro lens array is only a few hundred micrometers, while its precision reaches to nanometric range, thus the optical encoder in not applicable. On the other hand, there exists sluggish and creep for piezoelectric materials, which makes the control of displacement difficult. This paper develops a displacement sensor embedded voice coil motor. In the design, the driving element is ampere force of the voice coil motor which is a linear ratio to the input current. Both the two covers are thin plates which serve as compliant mechanism by supporting the deformation at the Radial direction and provide linear stiffness in the axial direction. Therefore, the output displacement is proportional to the ampere force. The existence of external force affects the actual displacement, an embedded capacitor serves as displacement sensor will detects the real displacement, and the external force can be estimated by the current and measured displacement, which makes the motion control easy. At the same time, a multiphysics model of the developed FTS is built in this study by using finite element method and the displacement control under different cutting force is studied. The experimental results show that the developed FTS is efficient for achieving short stroke with high precision.

Modeling of Compliant Mechanisms in MATLAB Simscape

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Pena ◽  
Martin Garcia ◽  
Ayse Tekes
Keyword(s):  
Compliant Mechanisms ◽  
Compliant Mechanism ◽  
Flexible Systems ◽  
Flexible Links ◽  
Hopping Robot ◽  
Lumped Parameter ◽  
Single Piece ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Cad Models ◽  
Tip Position

Abstract This paper presents the informative process of modeling of compliant mechanisms using MATLAB Simscape. Simscape is the modeling environment analyzing both rigid and flexible systems using either the blocks provided in the library or the CAD models imported from modeling software. We present the modeling of four compliant mechanisms: dwell, five bar, translational and hopping mechanisms. Once the cad model of a system is imported into Simscape, the flexible links or flexure segment on each example system is replaced by its equivalent lumped parameter block. Compliant dwell mechanism is comprised of a rail, two pinned-pinned flexible links, slider, rigid crank and a DC motor. The second mechanism is a fully compliant five bar mechanism incorporating large deflecting flexures and actuated by two servo motors. The objective is to control the trajectory of the tip position. Third example models a bio-inspired translational compliant mechanism driven by servo motors and comprised of three sliders connected by single piece designed 2 rigid arm-flexure hinge linkages mimicking the motion of a caterpillar. The last example is the modeling of a compliant hopping robot consisting of two pairs of gears; one pair is attached to the motor and the other pair allows the bottom links to rotate at same angular velocity in opposite directions.

scholarly journals Design and analysis of a displacement sensor-integrated compliant microgripper based on parallel structure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nhat Linh Ho ◽  
Minh Phung Dang ◽  
Thanh-Phong Dao
Keyword(s):  
Compliant Mechanism ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Parallel Structure ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Displacement Sensitivity ◽  
Stress And Deformation ◽  
The Right ◽  
In The Beginning

This study evaluates the displacement sensitivity of a new compliant microgripper. The microgripper is designed based on a four-bar mechanism and the concept of a compliant mechanism. The effects of the width of the right circular hinge, the thickness of microgripper, and the material properties on the dis-placement sensitivity are considered via using the finite element method. In the beginning, the stress and deformation of the compliant microgripper are evaluated. Subsequently, the displacement of the microgripper is then analyzed. The results showed that the design parameter and the displacement sensitivity have a close relationship. To increase the grasping reliability and measure the displacement or force, a micro-displacement sensor is integrated with the proposed microgripper. Finally, the modeling and analysis of the proposed sensor are conducted.

Development of a Fuel Test Bench with Changing the Position of the Test Object in the Current Time Mode

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grachev S. V ◽  
Savelev R. S ◽  
Mikryukov N. V ◽  
Zinina A. I ◽  
Smagin D. I ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Object ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Current Time
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document