Fluid Flow in the Vicinity of a Vibrating Ionic Polymer Metal Composites: Part 2—Numerical Study

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Abdelnour ◽  
Elisa Mancia ◽  
Sean D. Peterson ◽  
Maurizio Porfiri
Keyword(s):  
Oscillation Frequency ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Lateral Force ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composites ◽  
Ionic Polymer ◽  
Polymer Metal ◽  
Vorticity Production ◽  
The Moment ◽  
High Flexibility

Ionic Polymer Metal Composite (IPMC) actuators have shown promise as miniature underwater propulsors due to their high flexibility, reduced weight, and low activation voltage and power consumption. In this second of two papers, we discuss numerical simulations of the flow of a viscous fluid generated by a two-dimensional cantilever IPMC actuator vibrating along its fundamental mode shape. We compute the thrust produced by the actuator as a function of its oscillation frequency and maximum tip displacement and show that it is correlated to vortex shedding. We find that vorticity production is prominent at the IPMC tip and increases as the oscillation frequency increases. We analyze the lateral force and the moment exerted by the IPMC on the surrounding fluid. Further, we study the power transferred by the vibrating IPMC to the encompassing fluid. The findings are validated via comparison with the experimental results presented in part 1 of this series.

Biomimetic Applications of Ionic Polymer Metal Composites (IPMC) Actuators - A Critical Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farid ◽  
Zhao Gang ◽  
Tran Linh Khuong ◽  
Zhuang Zhi Sun ◽  
Naveed Ur Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composite ◽  
Metal Composites ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composites ◽  
Ionic Polymer ◽  
Design And Manufacturing ◽  
Polymer Metal ◽  
Biomedical Field

Biomimetic is the field of engineering in which biological creatures and their functions are investigated and are used as the basis for the design and manufacturing of machines. Ionic Polymer Metal Composite (IPMC) is a smart material which has demonstrated a meaningful bending and tip force after the application of a low voltage. It is light-weighted, flexible, easily actuated, multi-directional applicable and requires simple manufacturing. Resultantly, IPMC has attracted scientists and researchers to analyze it further and consider it for any industrial and biomimetic applications. Presently, the research on IPMC is bi-directional oriented. A few groups of researchers are busy to find out the causes for the weaknesses of the material and to find out any remedy for them. The second class of scientists is exploring new areas of applications where IPMC material can be used. Although, the application zone of IPMC is ranging from micropumps diaphragms to surgical holding devices, this paper provides an overview of the IPMC application in biomimetic and biomedical field.

A recurrent neural network–based model for predicting bending behavior of ionic polymer–metal composite actuators

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (17) ◽  
pp. 1973-1985
Author(s):  
Hojat Zamyad ◽  
Nadia Naghavi ◽  
Reza Godaz ◽  
Reza Monsefi
Keyword(s):  
Smart Materials ◽  
Autoregressive Models ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composite ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composites ◽  
Ionic Polymer ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Polymer Metal ◽  
Application Potential

The high application potential of ionic polymer–metal composites has made the behavior identification of this group of smart materials an attractive area. So far, several models have been proposed to predict the bending of an ionic polymer–metal composite actuator, but these models have some weaknesses, the most important of them are the use of output data (in autoregressive models), high complexity to achieve a proper precision (in non-autoregressive models), and lack of compatibility with the behavioral nature of the material. In this article, we present a hybrid model of parallel non-autoregressive recurrent networks with internal memory cells to overcome existing weaknesses. The validation results on experimental data show that the proposed model has acceptable accuracy and flexibility. Moreover, simplicity and compatibility with the behavioral nature of the material promote using the proposed model in practical applications.

Two-Degree-of-Freedom Control of an Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite Actuator

2010 ◽  
Vol 670 ◽  
pp. 369-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Sasaki ◽  
Yusuke Onouchi ◽  
Hirohisa Tamagawa ◽  
Satoshi Ito
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Input Voltage ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composites ◽  
Ionic Polymer ◽  
Polymer Metal ◽  
Two Degree Of Freedom

Mathematical models predicting the behaviour of IMPCs (Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites ) were built and their validity was verified computationally as well as experimentally. A transfer function associating the applied input voltage with the IPMC tip displacement was derived based on results obtained by vibration analysis. Employing the derived transfer function, three mathematical models, based on feed forward, feedback and two-degree-of-freedom models, were formulated. Computational and experimental verification of these models revealed that the feedback and two-degree-of-freedom models were capable of high performance in controlling the bending of an IPMC.

Fabrication and Thermo-Mechanical Analysis of Pure Silver-Electrode Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite (IPMC) Actuator

2011 ◽  
Vol 110-116 ◽  
pp. 1199-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dillip Kumar Biswal ◽  
Dibakar Bandopadhya ◽  
Santosha Kumar Dwivedy
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Muscle ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Metal Electrode ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composites ◽  
Ionic Polymer ◽  
Polymer Metal ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Till to date, fabrication of Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites (IPMC) are carried out successfully using noble metal such as platinum/gold as the surface electrode. In this work we have proposed cost effective fabrication method for IPMC actuator using non-precious metal electrode of silver (Ag). Chemical decomposition method is followed using Nafion as the ion exchange membrane to fabricate pure Ag-electrode IPMC. Microscopic and morphological analyses reveal that, silver particles penetrate well through the surface of Nafion membrane. The bending deformation measurement and analysis of the thermo-mechanical properties of the fabricated IPMC is carried out. The experiment results and performance of the IPMC actuator confirm that the fabrication of pure Ag-IPMC is feasible and can be used as artificial muscle material.

Modeling Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites with Space-Time Adaptive Multimeshhp-FEM

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Pugal ◽  
Pavel Solin ◽  
Kwang J. Kim ◽  
Alvo Aabloo
Keyword(s):  
Coupled System ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composite ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Metal Composites ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composites ◽  
Ionic Polymer ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Polymer Metal ◽  
Adaptive Fem

AbstractWe are concerned with a model of ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) materials that consists of a coupled system of the Poisson and Nernst-Planck equations, discretized by means of the finite element method (FEM). We show that due to the transient character of the problem it is efficient to use adaptive algorithms that are capable of changing the mesh dynamically in time. We also show that due to large qualitative and quantitative differences between the two solution components, it is efficient to approximate them on different meshes using a novel adaptive multimeshhp-FEM. The study is accompanied with numerous computations and comparisons of the adaptive multimeshhp-FEM with several other adaptive FEM algorithms.

Hydrodynamics of underwater propulsors based on ionic polymer–metal composites: a numerical study

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 085006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Abdelnour ◽  
Elisa Mancia ◽  
Sean D Peterson ◽  
Maurizio Porfiri
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Metal Composites ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composites ◽  
Ionic Polymer ◽  
Polymer Metal

Ionic Polymer Metal Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 64-74
Author(s):  
Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar ◽  
P.R. Yaashikaa
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Chemical Deposition ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Metal Composites ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composites ◽  
Ionic Polymer ◽  
Physical Loading ◽  
Polymer Metal

Electroactive polymers, or EAPs, are polymers that show an adjustment fit as a fiddle when invigorated by an electric field. Ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs) are electro-dynamic polymers with great electromechanical coupling properties. They are proficient applicants in many progressed innovative applications, for example, actuators, artificial muscles, biomimetic sensors, and so forth. Type of membrane and electrodes determines the morphology and structure of IPMCs. IPMCs can be prepared using physical loading, chemical deposition and electroplating methods. The assembling of anodes for IPMCs is exceptionally basic in their electromechanical coupling. Optimization of force, determination of cations and molecule size dispersal inside the IPMC structure, and so on are the different components, which decides their proficiency. An ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) comprising of a thin Nafion sheet, platinum plated on the two side faces, experiences extensive twisting movement when an electric field is connected over its thickness. Then again, a voltage is created over its appearances when it is all of a sudden bends. IPMCs are best known for their proving advantages such as biocompactible, low activating voltage and more power efficiency

Fluid Flow in the Vicinity of a Vibrating Ionic Polymer Metal Composite: Part 1—Experimental Study

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean D. Peterson ◽  
Maurizio Porfiri ◽  
Alessandro Rovardi
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Propulsion Systems ◽  
Ionic Polymer ◽  
Physical Experiments ◽  
Underwater Propulsion ◽  
Polymer Metal ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Flexibility

Low power consumption and activation voltage combined with high flexibility and minimal weight make Ionic Polymer Metal Composites (IPMCs) well-suited for miniaturized underwater propulsion systems. In this series of papers, we comprehensively discuss the flow field induced by an IPMC strip vibrating in a quiescent aqueous environment by performing complementary physical experiments and numerical simulations. The experimental results are presented in this paper. Planar particle image velocimetry is used to measure the time-averaged flow field of a vibrating IPMC. The momentum transferred to the fluid is computed to estimate the mean thrust generated by the vibrating actuator. We find that the mean thrust increases with the Reynolds number, defined by the maximum tip speed and IPMC length, and is only marginally affected by the relative vibration amplitude. Detailed understanding of the flow environment induced by a vibrating IPMC can guide the optimization of IPMC-based propulsion systems for bio-mimetic robotic swimmers.

scholarly journals Improve the Performance of Mechanoelectrical Transduction of Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites Based on Ordered Nafion Nanofibres by Electrospinning

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Jiazheng Sheng ◽  
Di Xu ◽  
Minzhong Gao ◽  
Qinglong Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composites ◽  
Ionic Polymer ◽  
Mechanoelectrical Transduction ◽  
Polymer Metal ◽  
Self Powered

An ionic polymer–metal composite (IPMC) is a kind of soft material. The applications of IPMC in actuators, environmental sensing, and energy harvesting are currently increasing rapidly. In this study, an ordered Nafion nanofibre mat prepared by electrospinning was used to investigate the characteristics of the mechanoelectrical transduction of IPMC. The morphologies of the Nafion nanofibre mat were characterized. The proton conductivity, ion exchange capacities, and water uptake potential of the Nafion nanofibre mat were compared to traditional IPMC, respectively. A novel mechanism of Nafion nanofibre IPMC was designed and the open circuit voltage and short circuit current were measured. The maximum voltage value reached 100 mv. The output power was 3.63 nw and the power density was up to 42.4 μW/Kg under the load resistance. The Nafion nanofibre mat demonstrates excellent mechanoelectrcical transduction behavior compared to traditional IPMC and could be used for the development of self-powered devices in the future.

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