Knee Contact Characteristics During Drop Landing Exercise

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dumitru I. Caruntu ◽  
Ricardo Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Contact Point ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
The Body ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Drop Landing ◽  
Joint Contact ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
The Subject ◽  
D Model

This work investigates the human leg joint contact characteristics during a drop-landing exercise. The contact characteristics consist of tibio-femoral contact forces and contact point, and hip contact forces. An inverse dynamics 2-D model of human leg is used on this ballistic task in order to simplify computation. Experimental data used show a maximum of 100 degrees of flexion angle and ground reaction forces up to 4 times the body weight. All contact forces show a pattern in which they reach large magnitudes at the beginning of landing, decreasing as the subject end the exercise with a standing position.

Knee Muscle and Ligament Forces During Drop Landing Exercise

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dumitru I. Caruntu ◽  
Ricardo Moreno ◽  
Robert Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Lateral Collateral Ligament ◽  
Inequality Constraints ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
The Body ◽  
Muscle Forces ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
Drop Landing ◽  
D Model

This work investigates the human leg muscle and ligaments forces during a drop-landing exercise. An inverse dynamics 2-D model of human leg is used on this ballistic task in order to predict these forces. The model consists of three bony structures, namely femur, tibia, and patella. The joints of the model are the knee joint and the hip joint. The ligamentous structure of the knee includes the two cruciate ligaments, Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) and the Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL), and the two collateral ligaments, Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) and Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL). The system of muscles of the system includes muscle such as quadriceps, hamstrings, gastrocnemius are included in the model. Experimental data used show a maximum of 100 degrees of flexion angle and ground reaction forces up to 4 times the body weight. The inverse dynamics 2-D model consists of an objective function to minimize the muscle forces, and a set of constraints consisting of equality constraints which are the dynamics equations of the bony structures, and inequality constraints in which all muscle forces must be positive. All muscle forces show a pattern in which they reach large magnitudes at the beginning of landing, decreasing as the subject end the exercise with a standing position.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Associations Between Inverse Dynamics and Musculoskeletal Modeling to Investigate Joint Loading in a Clinical Environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Holder ◽  
Ursula Trinler ◽  
Andrea Meurer ◽  
Felix Stief
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Musculoskeletal Modeling ◽  
Joint Loading ◽  
Joint Moments ◽  
Internal Joint ◽  
Joint Contact

The assessment of knee or hip joint loading by external joint moments is mainly used to draw conclusions on clinical decision making. However, the correlation between internal and external loads has not been systematically analyzed. This systematic review aims, therefore, to clarify the relationship between external and internal joint loading measures during gait. A systematic database search was performed to identify appropriate studies for inclusion. In total, 4,554 articles were identified, while 17 articles were finally included in data extraction. External joint loading parameters were calculated using the inverse dynamics approach and internal joint loading parameters by musculoskeletal modeling or instrumented prosthesis. It was found that the medial and total knee joint contact forces as well as hip joint contact forces in the first half of stance can be well predicted using external joint moments in the frontal plane, which is further improved by including the sagittal joint moment. Worse correlations were found for the peak in the second half of stance as well as for internal lateral knee joint contact forces. The estimation of external joint moments is useful for a general statement about the peak in the first half of stance or for the maximal loading. Nevertheless, when investigating diseases as valgus malalignment, the estimation of lateral knee joint contact forces is necessary for clinical decision making because external joint moments could not predict the lateral knee joint loading sufficient enough. Dependent on the clinical question, either estimating the external joint moments by inverse dynamics or internal joint contact forces by musculoskeletal modeling should be used.

Hip Joint Contact Forces During Running with a Transtibial Amputation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Sepp ◽  
Brian S Baum ◽  
Erika Nelson-Wong ◽  
Anne Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Musculoskeletal Models ◽  
Joint Health ◽  
Joint Contact ◽  
Reaction Forces

Abstract People with unilateral transtibial amputations (TTA) have greater risks of bilateral hip osteoarthritis, related to asymmetric biomechanics compared to people without TTA. Running is beneficial for physical health and is gaining popularity. However, people with TTA may not have access to running-specific prostheses (RSPs), which are designed for running, and may instead run using their daily-use prosthesis (DUP). Differences in joint loading may result from prosthesis choice, thus it is important to characterize changes in peak and impulsive hip joint contact loading during running. Six people with and without TTA ran at 3.5 m/s while ground reaction forces, kinematics, and electromyography were collected. People with TTA ran using their own RSP and repeated the protocol using their own DUP. Musculoskeletal models incorporating prosthesis type of each individual were used to quantify individual muscle forces and hip joint contact forces during running. People using RSPs had smaller bilateral peak hip joint contact forces compared to when wearing DUPs during stance and swing, and a smaller impulse over the entire gait cycle. Greater amputated leg peak hip joint contact forces for people wearing DUPs compared to RSPs occurred with greater forces from the ipsilateral gluteus maximus during stance. People with TTA also had greater bilateral peak hip joint contact forces during swing compared to people without TTA, which occurred with greater peak gluteus medius forces. Running with more compliant RSPs may be beneficial for long-term joint health by reducing peak and impulsive hip loading compared to DUPs.

scholarly journals The development of a segment-based musculoskeletal model of the lower limb: introducing F ree B ody

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 140449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Cleather ◽  
Anthony M. J. Bull
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Musculoskeletal Model ◽  
The Body ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Simultaneous Optimization ◽  
Muscle Forces ◽  
Phase Errors ◽  
Vertical Jumping ◽  
Joint Contact

Traditional approaches to the biomechanical analysis of movement are joint-based; that is the mechanics of the body are described in terms of the forces and moments acting at the joints, and that muscular forces are considered to create moments about the joints. We have recently shown that segment-based approaches, where the mechanics of the body are described by considering the effect of the muscle, ligament and joint contact forces on the segments themselves, can also prove insightful. We have also previously described a simultaneous, optimization-based, musculoskeletal model of the lower limb. However, this prior model incorporates both joint- and segment-based assumptions. The purpose of this study was therefore to develop an entirely segment-based model of the lower limb and to compare its performance to our previous work. The segment-based model was used to estimate the muscle forces found during vertical jumping, which were in turn compared with the muscular activations that have been found in vertical jumping, by using a Geers' metric to quantify the magnitude and phase errors. The segment-based model was shown to have a similar ability to estimate muscle forces as a model based upon our previous work. In the future, we will evaluate the ability of the segment-based model to be used to provide results with clinical relevance, and compare its performance to joint-based approaches. The segment-based model described in this article is publicly available as a GUI-based M atlab ® application and in the original source code (at www.msksoftware.org.uk ).

scholarly journals Effects Of Drop Landing Height On Lower Extremity Joint Contact Forces

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 291-292
Author(s):  
Danielle D. Barkema ◽  
W. Brent Edwards ◽  
Timothy R. Derrick
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Drop Landing ◽  
Joint Contact

Effect of Motion Type on Joint Contact Forces

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Schmitz ◽  
Jaclyn Norberg
Keyword(s):  
Force Plate ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Joint Forces ◽  
Joint Contact ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Race Walking ◽  
Impact Exercise ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

Abstract Race walking has grown over the past decade because it provides exercise without the high impact loads of running. In fact, race walking has been shown to result in decreased ground reaction forces. We predict these lower ground reaction forces will extend to knee joint loading as well, thus explaining the decrease rate of knee osteoarthritis in race walkers compared to runners. This is a secondary analysis of instrumented motion capture data collected from fifteen competitive race walkers as they ran and race walked over a force plate. A Visual3D to OpenSim pipeline was used to create muscle actuated forward dynamics simulations of race walking and running. The resulting muscle forces were subsequently used to actuate a discrete element knee model to calculate joint forces. The peak tibiofemoral joint contact load during race walking was 18% lower than the load during running. This load was distributed between the medial and lateral compartments such that the medial load was 27% lower and the lateral load 35% lower in race walking. This suggests race walking is a lower impact exercise safer for the joints. This may be advantageous for people who would like to exercise at a higher intensity that walking provides but have joint problems, e.g. those with osteoarthritis.

scholarly journals A Novel Biomechanical Analysis of Horticultural Digging

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 746-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Shippen ◽  
Paul Alexander ◽  
Barbara May
Keyword(s):  
Motion Capture ◽  
The Body ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Motion Capture Data ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Joint Torques ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Joint Contact ◽  
Good Technique

Musculoskeletal injuries are commonly reported in workers employed in labor-intensive agricultural-type tasks. A novel method of determining joint angles, joint torques, and contact forces, using three-dimensional motion capture and musculoskeletal modeling, was applied to the movements of a sample of workers, engaged in the horticultural task of digging, to determine if objective biomechanical data could be correlated with a subjective visual assessment to predict risk of injury. The joint angle time histories of horticulturists were calculated from the motion capture data, and this was used to articulate a musculoskeletal model of the subjects. The joint torques were calculated using inverse dynamics methods from which the individual muscle loads were established using a cost function minimization approach. Finally, the joint contact forces were calculated including the muscle forces. The motion capture data of digging trials were observed by a team of horticulturists and physiotherapists who categorized each of the observed trials according to form, efficiency, and risk of injury. Trials demonstrating techniques which were more likely to yield injuries were identified as “examples of bad technique”; those judged to be less likely to yield injuries were categorized as “examples of good technique.” It was found that the joint torques and contact forces and their variability were lower in the trial which was identified as good technique, and consistently higher in the examples of bad technique. The results of the study suggest that measurement of joint angles, joint torques, joint contact forces, and forces in the muscles could serve as a valuable tool to develop training programs for horticultural workers engaged in certain high intensity tasks, such as digging, to effectively improve efficiency and reduce incidence of injury. It may also be possible to modify horticulture-related equipment to minimize the internal loads within the body to reduce the risk to health and, therefore, extend active participation in horticulture.

scholarly journals Micromachined Tactile Sensor Array for RTSA

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1430
Author(s):  
Elliott C. Leinauer ◽  
Hyunmin M. Kim ◽  
Jae W. Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Soft Lithography ◽  
Glenohumeral Joint ◽  
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty ◽  
Tactile Sensor ◽  
Capacitive Sensor ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Joint Reaction Forces ◽  
Implant Size ◽  
Joint Contact ◽  
Reaction Forces

This work presents a polymer-based tactile capacitive sensor capable of measuring joint reaction forces of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA). The capacitive sensor contains a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) dielectric layer with an array of electrodes. The sensor was designed in such a way that four components of glenohumeral contact forces can be quantified to help ensure proper soft tissue tensioning during the procedure. Fabricated using soft lithography, the sensor has a loading time of approximately 400 ms when a 14.13 kPa load is applied and has a sensitivity of 1.24 × 10−3 pF/kPa at a load of 1649 kPa. A replica RTSA prothesis was 3D printed, and the sensor was mounted inside the humeral cap. Four static right shoulder positions were tested, and the results provided an intuitive graphical description of the pressure distribution across four quadrants of the glenohumeral joint contact surface. It may help clinicians choose a right implant size and offset that best fit a patient’s anatomy and reduce postoperative biomechanical complications such as dislocation and stress fracture of the scapula.

On Squat Jump Exercise

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dumitru I. Caruntu ◽  
Ricardo Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Contact Point ◽  
Point Location ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Jump Exercise ◽  
Joint Contact ◽  
Good Agreement

This paper deals with the mechanics of the human leg and forces in the muscles, ligaments, and joint contact in the leg during a squat jump exercise. An inverse dynamics approach is used in this work. A 2-D dynamic model of one limb in the sagittal plane is used to investigate this ballistic task. Results are then compared to data available in the literature. They show good agreement. The response of the ligament forces and the tibio-femoral contact point location during the exercise are reported.

How Well Does a Musculoskeletal Model Predict GH-Joint Contact Forces? Comparison With In-Vivo Data

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Asadi Nikooyan ◽  
H. E. J. Veeger ◽  
P. Westerhoff ◽  
F. Graichen ◽  
G. Bergmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Musculoskeletal Model ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Joint Reaction Forces ◽  
Joint Contact ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Quantitative Validation ◽  
Joint Reaction

The Delft Shoulder and Elbow Model (DSEM), a large-scale musculoskeletal model, allows for estimation of individual muscle and joint reaction forces in the shoulder and elbow complex. Although the model has been qualitatively verified previously using EMG signals, quantitative validation has not yet been feasible. In this paper we report on the validation of the DSEM by comparing the GH-joint contact forces estimated by the DSEM with the in-vivo forces measured by a recently developed instrumented shoulder endoprosthesis, capable of measuring the glenohumeral (GH) joint contact forces in-vivo [1]. To validate the model, two patients with instrumented shoulder hemi-arthroplasty were measured. The measurement process included the collection of motion data as well as in-vivo joint reaction forces. Segment and joint angles were used as the model inputs to estimate the GH-joint contact forces. The estimated and recorded GH-joint contact forces for Range of Motion (RoM) and force tasks were compared based on the magnitude of the resultant forces. The results show that the estimated force follows the measured force for abduction and anteflexion motions up to 80 and 50 degrees arm elevations, respectively, while they show different behaviors for angles above 90 degrees (decrease is estimated but increase is measured). The DSEM underestimates the peak force for RoM (up to 38% for abduction motion and 64% for anteflexion motion), while overestimates the peak forces (up to 90%) for most directions of performing the force tasks.

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