Safety Assessment Process for Human-Robot Handling Tasks

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Malm ◽  
Tapio Heikkilä ◽  
Jari M. Ahola
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Industrial Robot ◽  
Safety Analysis ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Work Space ◽  
Human Operators

The needs for using robots to assist human workers in accomplishing heavy tasks in a variety of industries are increasing. Almost by default this implies sharing the work space between robots and human operators. As a consequence, safety issues must be carefully taken into account. We have implemented a pilot system based on a standard industrial robot (KUKA KR120 R2500) for interactive handling of heavy and/or large parts and loads. Here we report the safety analysis and risk assessment of such a system following the harmonized robot standards (ISO 10218-1 & -2), including Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA), Use Case Safety Analysis (UCSA) and analysis of system functions and communications.

scholarly journals A zonal safety analysis methodology for preliminary aircraft systems and structural design

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (1255) ◽  
pp. 1330-1351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Chen ◽  
J. P. Fielding
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Fault Tree Analysis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Safety Analysis ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Preliminary Design

ABSTRACTZonal Safety Analysis (ZSA) is a major part of the civil aircraft safety assessment process described in Aerospace Recommended Practice 4761 (ARP4761). It considers safety effects that systems/items installed in the same zone (i.e. a defined area within the aircraft body) may have on each other. Although the ZSA may be conducted at any design stage, it would be most cost-effective to do it during preliminary design, due to the greater opportunity for influence on system and structural designs and architecture. The existing ZSA methodology of ARP4761 was analysed, but it was found to be more suitable for detail design rather than preliminary design. The authors therefore developed a methodology that would be more suitable for preliminary design and named it the Preliminary Zonal Safety Analysis (PZSA). This new methodology was verified by means of the use of a case study, based on the NASA N3-X project. Several lessons were learnt from the case study, leading to refinement of the proposed method. These lessons included focusing on the positional layout of major components for the zonal safety inspection, and using the Functional Hazard Analysis (FHA)/Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) to identify system external failure modes. The resulting PZSA needs further refinement, but should prove to be a useful design tool for the preliminary design process.

scholarly journals An Approach to Health and Safety Assessment in Industrial Parks

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3646
Author(s):  
Fco. Javier García-Gómez ◽  
Cristina González-Gaya ◽  
Víctor Fco. Rosales-Prieto
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Know How ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Design Construction

Safety is a fundamental aspect to take into account in the design, construction and operation of industrial parks. Therefore, it is important to know how to deal with safety in this type of facility, and how to deal with risk analysis. This document provides information related to the industrial park risk assessment process to improve the health and safety of workers in these places. A search and consultation of references related to occupational health and safety management systems is carried out, and it is found that, although there is adequate protection, both in relation to the safety of workers in industrial parks and the safety of personnel outside the facilities, it is helpful to establish a health and safety risk assessment to identify hazards and hazardous events, evaluate associated risks, and select techniques or strategies (opportunities) to manage those risks after prioritization. Following the implementation of the selected techniques, their effectiveness can then be monitored in order to avoid incidents. This document can be a model for future implementation of a health and safety management system based in ISO 45001:2018.

scholarly journals Regulatory Experience in Licensing of Alternative Supplier Fuel

2018 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
I. Ovdiienko ◽  
H. Plachkov ◽  
I. Shevchenko ◽  
O. Dybach ◽  
M. Ieremenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Safety Analysis ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Fuel Management ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Technical Review ◽  
Support Organization ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mechanical Models ◽  
Fuel Behavior

At present, the diversification of nuclear fuel is ongoing at Ukrainian NPPs. The Ukrainian regulatory authority and SSTC NRS, as a technical support organization, take active part in the licensing process for introduction of new fuel assembly types. In the framework of this activity, the technical review of justification material is performed in various nuclear safety issues including a wide range of verifying calculations. Neutron kinetic, thermal-hydraulic and fuel thermal-mechanical models are developed for technical review of justification material such as safety analysis of mixed cores. The features of the developed models for safety analysis of new fuel implementation and results of their application for verifying calculations are presented in this paper. The results cover such aspects as preparation of few-group cross-section libraries with features of new FA types, calculations of transitional mixed fuel loadings up to stationary ones, verifying safety assessment for some design-basis reactivity-initiated accidents, criticality of fuel management systems and thermal-mechanical fuel behavior.

scholarly journals Fuzzy Based Risk Assessment for Decommissioning Concrete Bioshield Structures in Nuclear Power Plants: Structural Risks and Worker Safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2614
Author(s):  
Byeol Kim ◽  
Joo sung Lee ◽  
Yong han Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Worker Safety ◽  
Nuclear Facilities ◽  
Safety Issues

Few studies have assessed the safety issues involved in decommissioning nuclear facilities, especially from a structural and job perspective; in most developed countries, the focus is generally on the radiological risks. This study highlights the inadequacy of existing deterministic risk assessment methods, which cannot account for the uncertainty and complexity of hazards that workers are exposed to. We instead propose a fuzzy logic based safety assessment model that can analyze and compare alternatives utilizing a step-by-step risk quantification and multidimensional approach. This enables personnel to assess the various risks involved when decontaminating and decommissioning nuclear power plant structures that cannot be quantitatively assessed owing to a lack of data. Our proposed fuzzy based risk assessment model can also be applied to risk assessment in other engineering fields that depend on the judgment of experts supported by little or no statistical data.

A fault tree analysis-based method of railway traffic control systems safety assessment (Metoda oceny bezpieczeństwa systemów sterowania ruchem kolejowym z wykorzystaniem FTA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Tomasz Ciszewski ◽  
Waldemar Nowakowski ◽  
Zbigniew Łukasik
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Fault Tree ◽  
Fault Tree Analysis ◽  
Safety Analysis ◽  
Level Crossing ◽  
Tree Analysis ◽  
Signaling Systems ◽  
Railway Traffic

Railway traffic control and signaling systems are safety-related, and thus it is crucial to provide them with an appropriate level of safety. Technological development has led to an increase in the functionality and reliability of these systems, taking into account the high safety requirements. Therefore, the operations involving the design, construction, and maintenance of railway traffic control and signaling systems should include a safety analysis. The safety analysis of railway traffic and signaling systems assumes that a primary event may cause a series of intermediate events, which then may lead to a disaster causing significant material losses and fatalities. Due to the random nature of the occurrences of the adverse events (failures, human errors), the probabilistic methods are often used to estimate risk. One of the risk assessment methods is Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). The authors of the paper conducted a qualitative safety analysis of level crossing protection systems using the FTA method. The requirements for the level crossing protection system were described, which we then used to write out FTA diagrams. The specific technical and quality requirements for railway traffic control and signaling systems result from the need to ensure a high safety level. Risk assessment is a required step in the evaluation of the safety and reliability of these systems. The authors of the paper applied the FTA method to the safety assessment of the level crossing protection system. The obtained results should be helpful in the process of design new railway traffic control and signaling systems. Systemy sterowania ruchem kolejowym są systemami związanymi z bezpieczeństwem, a tym samym bardzo ważnym aspektem jest dążenie do zapewnienia przez nie odpowiednie-go poziomu bezpieczeństwa. Wraz z rozwojem technologicznym następował wzrost funkcjonalności i niezawodności tych systemów, przy uwzględnieniu wysokich wymagań w odniesieniu do bezpieczeństwa. Dlatego też, działania polegające na projektowaniu, konstruowaniu i utrzymaniu systemów sterowania ruchem kolejowym powinny uwzględniać analizę bezpieczeństwa. W takiej analizie zakłada się, że zdarzenie pierwotne może wywołać ciąg zdarzeń wtórnych, które następnie mogą doprowadzić do katastrofy, niosącej ze sobą duże straty materialne i śmierć ludzi. Ze względu na losowy charakter występowania zdarzeń niepożądanych (uszkodzenie, błąd ludzki), często przy szacowaniu ryzyka wykorzystuje się w opis probabilistyczny. Jedną z metod szacowania ryzyka jest metoda FTA (Fault Tree Analysis). Autorzy artykuły przy wykorzystaniu metody FTA przeprowadzili analizę jakościową bezpieczeństwa przejazdów kolejowych wyposażonych w systemy zabezpieczenia. Opisano wymagania dla systemu zabezpieczenia przejazdu, które następnie posłużyły do zbudowania drzew FTA. Specyficzne wymagania techniczne i jakościowe dla systemów sterowania ruchem kolejowym wynikają z konieczności zapewnienia wysokiego poziomu bezpieczeństwa. W celu oceny bezpieczeństwa i niezawodności tych systemów, musimy podejmować działania w zakresie oceny ryzyka. Autorzy publikacji zastosowali metodę FTA do oceny bezpieczeństwa systemu zabezpieczenia przejazdu. Uzyskane wyniki mogą być pomocne w procesie konstruowania nowych systemów sterowania ruchem kolejowym. null

Strategies to Evaluate the Safety of Bioengineered Foods

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 389-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Delaney
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Gm Crops ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Qualitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Safety Studies ◽  
Typical Food

A number of genetically modified (GM) crops bioengineered to express agronomic traits including herbicide resistance and insect tolerance have been commercialized. Safety studies conducted for the whole grains and food and feed fractions obtained from GM crops (i.e., bioengineered foods) bear similarities to and distinctive differences from those applied to substances intentionally added to foods (e.g., food ingredients). Similarities are apparent in common animal models, route of exposure, duration, and response variables typically assessed in toxicology studies. However, because of differences in the nutritional and physical properties of food ingredients and bioengineered foods and in the fundamental goals of the overall safety assessment strategies for these different classes of substances, there are recognizable differences in the individual components of the safety assessment process. The fundamental strategic difference is that the process for food ingredients is structured toward quantitative risk assessment whereas that for bioengineered foods is structured for the purpose of qualitative risk assessment. The strategy for safety assessment of bioengineered foods focuses on evaluating the safety of the transgenic proteins used to impart the desired trait or traits and to demonstrate compositional similarity between the grains of GM and non-GM comparator crops using analytical chemistry and, in some cases, feeding studies. Despite these differences, the similarities in the design of safety studies conducted with bioengineered foods should be recognized by toxicologists. The current paper reviews the basic principles of safety assessment for bioengineered foods and compares them with the testing strategies applied to typical food ingredients. From this comparison it can be seen that the strategies used to assess the safety of bioengineered foods are at least as robust as that used to assess the safety of typical food ingredients.

scholarly journals Small UAV SHM System Functional Hazard Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Sławomir Klimaszewski ◽  
Krzysztof Sajda ◽  
Sergiusz Szawłowski
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Aircraft Systems ◽  
Small Uav ◽  
Remotely Piloted Aircraft ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Safety Effect

Abstract The safety assessment process tailored to Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) applications has been discussed briefly. The modified Hazard Reference System for STANAG 4703 Category UAV including Non Safety Effect (NSE) severity category has been proposed. The Functional Hazard Analysis (FHA) for small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system has been conducted.

scholarly journals Identifying local oil spill risk factors: An application of Hazard Identification within the International Maritime Organization Formal Safety Assessment framework in Washington State

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Kirk ◽  
Sara Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Local Factors ◽  
Formal Safety Assessment

Abstract Number 677002 Oil spills from commercial vessels are low probability, high consequence events that threaten economic, ecological, cultural, and natural resources. Washington State Department of Ecology Spill's Program (Ecology) has a robust risk assessment program that focuses on identifying and reducing oil spill risks to Washington waters. In 2017-2018, Ecology developed and implemented a novel application of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) Formal Safety Assessment process to lead a collaborative Hazard Identification for oil spill risk in Grays Harbor, Washington. This use of the IMO Formal Safety Assessment Process to assess oil spill risk was a first for Washington State and appears to be unique among US state governments. Working with area tribes, government agencies, and stakeholders, Ecology modified the IMO Formal Safety Assessment process to focus on local factors that could contribute to oil spill risks. Ecology facilitated structured brainstorming discussions during two workshops to complete Hazard Identification. Focusing on local factors fostered collaborative discussion among workshop participants, and allowed the process to benefit from local expertise about the characteristics of waterway and operational practices. The workshops resulted in the identification of 43 local factors related to oil spill risks, 34 recommendations to reduce risks based on current vessel traffic, and 10 recommendations to consider if vessel traffic increases in the future. The recommendations from this assessment are directly informing operations in Grays Harbor; in 2019, the Grays Harbor Safety Committee voted to adopt the risk assessment final report as an addendum to their Harbor Safety Plan. Ecology is also working with area tribes, government agencies, and stakeholders to review and prioritize the risk assessment recommendations with a goal of developing implementation plans for selected measures. This application of the IMO Formal Safety Assessment process represents a repeatable, scalable, and defensible method for conducting oil spill risk assessments. Ecology plans to use this process in other state waterways, and invites other organizations to consider adopting these methods. The presentation will walk through how to apply this process for localized waterway risk assessments and discuss best practices for success. Additionally, Ecology will discuss new risk analysis initiatives directed by the Washington State Legislature, including development of a quantitative model for evaluating oil spill risk and the potential effect of risk reduction measures.

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