An Automatic Injection Device for Precise Cement Delivery During Osteoporotic Bone Augmentation

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Kutzer ◽  
Ehsan Basafa ◽  
Yoshito Otake ◽  
Mehran Armand
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Osteoporotic Bone ◽  
Injection Device ◽  
High Injection ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Automatic Placement ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Injection Rates

Augmentation of osteoporotic bone with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement has been shown to be effective in reducing the risk of bone fracture. Injection of the highly viscous bone cement, however, is challenging mainly due to high injection forces required to maintain the nominal injection rates. Also, effective placement of the cement requires precise planning and execution. We are developing a surgical workstation for planning and executing proximal femur augmentation. As a crucial part of the framework, we have designed and fabricated a prototype automatic injection device that provides the substantial forces while maintaining the planned injection rates. Design parameters were determined based on the criteria available in the literature and our preliminary tests. Intended features for the device included high injection force capability, precisely controllable injection and ease of use. A number of calibration experiments were performed to ensure that the device meets the intended criteria. The device can be quickly set up before the surgical operation and can operate in manual or automatic placement configurations. The automatic injection device can also be used for a range of other orthopaedic applications involving direct augmentation of the bones or screws fixated in the bones.

Computer Assisted Femoral Augmentation: Modeling and Experimental Validation

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Basafa ◽  
Ryan J. Murphy ◽  
Michael D. Kutzer ◽  
Yoshito Otake ◽  
Mehran Armand
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Particle Method ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Injection Device ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Scan Data ◽  
The One

We report the results of planning and experimental validation of femoroplasty — augmentation of mechanical properties of the bone using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement injection — on osteoporotic femurs. For six pairs of osteoporotic femurs, finite element (FE) models were created using computed tomography (CT) scan data and an evolutionary method was used to optimize the cement pattern in one of the models from each pair. Using a particle method and the CT data, cement diffusion was modeled for several hypothetical augmentations and the one most closely matching the optimized pattern was chosen as the best plan. We used intra-operative navigation and a custom-designed injection device to deliver the cement into the bones precisely according to the plan. All femurs were then tested mechanically in a configuration simulating a fall to the side. Augmentation with this technique resulted in an increase in the yield load (28%) and yield energy (142%) compared to the control specimens, while only 9.8ml of cement was injected on average. Results support our hypothesis that significant improvements in the mechanical properties of osteoporotic femurs can be achieved by using minimal, and hence safe, amounts of PMMA bone cement.

Properties of an injectable low modulus PMMA bone cement for osteoporotic bone

2008 ◽  
Vol 86B (2) ◽  
pp. 474-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Boger ◽  
Marc Bohner ◽  
Paul Heini ◽  
Sophie Verrier ◽  
Erich Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Osteoporotic Bone ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Low Modulus

scholarly journals Influence of HRGO Nanoplatelets on Behaviour and Processing of PMMA Bone Cement for Surgery

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2027
Author(s):  
Jaime Orellana ◽  
Ynés Yohana Pastor ◽  
Fernando Calle ◽  
José Ygnacio Pastor
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Structural Function ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Reduced Graphene

Bone cement, frequently based on poly (methyl methacrylate), is commonly used in different arthroplasty surgical procedures and its use is essential for prosthesis fixation. However, its manufacturing process reaches high temperatures (up to 120 °C), producing necrosis in the patients' surrounding tissues. To help avoid this problem, the addition of graphene could delay the polymerisation of the methyl methacrylate as it could, simultaneously, favour the optimisation of the composite material's properties. In this work, we address the effect of different percentages of highly reduced graphene oxide with different wt.% (0.10, 0.50, and 1.00) and surface densities (150, 300, 500, and 750 m2/g) on the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of commercial poly (methyl methacrylate)-based bone cement and its processing. It was noted that a lower sintering temperature was achieved with this addition, making it less harmful to use in surgery and reducing its adverse effects. In contrast, the variation of the density of the materials did not introduce significant changes, which indicates that the addition of highly reduced graphene oxide would not significantly increase bone porosity. Lastly, the mechanical properties (strength, elastic modulus, and fracture toughness) were reduced by almost 20%. Nevertheless, their typical values are high enough that these new materials could still fulfil their structural function. In conclusion, this paper presents a way to control the sintering temperature, without significant degradation of the mechanical performance, by adding highly reduced graphene oxide so that local necrosis of bone cement based on poly (methyl methacrylate) used in surgery is avoided.

Low Velocity Impact Response of Composite/Sandwich Structures

2016 ◽  
Vol 725 ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar V. Akshaj ◽  
P. Surya ◽  
M.K. Pandit
Keyword(s):  
Sandwich Structures ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Composite Sandwich ◽  
Set Up

Dent resistance of structures is one of the important design parameters to consider in automotive, aerospace, packaging and transportation of fragile goods, civil engineering and marine industries. It is important to study the dynamic impact response of various combinations of skin and core materials which can provide desired fracture toughness and highest strength to weight ratio for such applications. This paper discusses the low velocity impact response of sandwich structures having unique combination of mild steel as skin material bonded to thermoplastics/PU foam as core material. HDPE, LDPE and polypropylene were the choice of thermoplastics and an optimum combination of materials for the sandwich structure was evaluated using drop-weight experimental set up. It is observed that LDPE is the best choice of core material for the sandwich structures considered.

scholarly journals Developing of PMMA Bone Cement Performance by Modified TiO2NPs

2021 ◽  
Vol 1094 (1) ◽  
pp. 012150
Author(s):  
S K Al-Janabi ◽  
M H Al-Maamori ◽  
A J Braihi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement

scholarly journals An Analysis of Patient Acceptance and Safety of a Prefilled Insulin Injection Device

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 1439-1441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Kroon
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Injection ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Patient Acceptance ◽  
Delivery Device ◽  
Injection Device ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Clinical Advantage ◽  
Injection Force

This article summarizes and interprets the findings of Carter and colleagues in this issue of Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, a study of the real world use of a prefilled insulin pen device. In this observational study, people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes rated their experience with the SoloSTAR pen device after 6–10 weeks of use. Data on patient satisfaction, product technical complaints, and adverse effects were reported. Randomized, controlled trials are needed that compare the various pen devices and the vial/syringe in terms of accuracy of dosing, adherence to therapy, and ease of use (including patient perception of injection force required) to assess whether a particular method of insulin delivery or pen delivery device provides a clinical advantage over another.

Development of Novel Bioactive PMMA-Based Bone Cement and its In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 801-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.B. Cho ◽  
Akari Takeuchi ◽  
Ill Yong Kim ◽  
Sang Bae Kim ◽  
Chikara Ohtsuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
The Novel ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Natural Bone ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Rabbit Tibia

In order to overcome the disadvantage of commercialized PMMA bone cement, we have developed novel PMMA-based bone cement(7P3S) reinforced by 30 wt.% of bioactive CaO-SiO2 gel powders to induce the bioactivity as well as to increase mechanical property for the PMMA bone cement. The novel 7P3S bone cement hardened after mixing for about 7 minutes. For in vitro evaluation, apatite forming ability of it was investigated using SBF. When the novel 7P3S bone cement was soaked into SBF, it formed apatite on its surfaces within 1 week Furthermore; there is no decrease in its compressive strength within 9 weeks soaking in SBF. It is though that hardly decrease in compressive strength of 7P3S bone cement in SBF is due to the relative small amount of gel powder or its spherical shape and monosize. In vivo evaluation of the novel 7P3S bone cement was carried out using rabbit. After implantion into rabbit tibia for several periods, the interface between novel bone cement and natural bone was evaluated by CT images. According to the results, the novel bone cement directly contact to the natural bone without fibrous tissue after implantation for 4 weeks. This results indicates that the newly developed 7P3S bone cement can bond to the living bone and also be effectively used as bioactive bone cement without decrease in mechanical property.

Heat Exchange Calculation of a Regenerative Air Heater with Numerical Simulation Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 860-863 ◽  
pp. 1416-1419
Author(s):  
Ri Guang Wei ◽  
Zhen Xiao Qu ◽  
Jian Qiang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Practical Calculation ◽  
Air Preheater ◽  
Air Heater ◽  
Pulverized Coal Boiler ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Coal Boiler

According to the structure and working principle of rotary air preheater,the heat transfer calculation model is set up with reasonable simplification. Combining with the design parameters of the rotary air preheater of a 400 t/h pulverized coal boiler unit ,the results of practical calculation show that the said thermodynamic calculation method not only has higher precision of calculation,but also can get the temperature distributions of the gas, air and heat surface in each cross-section of the rotary air preheater. The result of numerical simulation calculation tallies well with the original designed data. It can be used for the heat calculation both two-sectorial and three-sectorial air heater; it can be used for performance analysis of the regenerative air heater.

The effect on the fatigue strength of bone cement of adding sodium fluoride

2001 ◽  
Vol 215 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Minari ◽  
M Baleanil ◽  
L Cristofolini ◽  
F Baruffaldi
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Cement Mantle ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Fatigue Performance ◽  
Bone Cements ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement

New bone cements that include several additives are currently being investigated and tested. One such additive is sodium fluoride (NaF), which promotes bone formation, facilitating implant integration and success. The influence of NaF on the fatigue performance of the cement as used in biomedical applications was tested in this paper. In fact fatigue failure of the cement mantle is a major factor limiting the longevity of a cemented implant. An experimental bone cement with added NaF (12wt%) was investigated. The fatigue strength of the novel bone cement was evaluated in comparison with the cement without additives; fatigue tests were conducted according to current standards. The load levels were arranged based on a validated, statistically based optimization algorithm. The curve of stress against number of load cycles and the endurance limit were obtained and compared for both formulations. The results showed that the addition of NaF (12 wt %) to polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement does not affect the fatigue resistance of the material. Sodium fluoride can safely be added to the bone cement without altering the fatigue performance of the PMMA bone cement.

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