Level of Modularity at Different Levels of System Granularity

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noemi Chiriac ◽  
Katja Ho¨ltta¨-Otto ◽  
Dusan Lysy ◽  
Eun Suk Suh
Keyword(s):  
System Development ◽  
Design Structure Matrix ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
System Decomposition ◽  
Architectural Analysis ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Printing System ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Real Complex

All system development projects involve analysis of the system architecture. However, it has been assumed thus far that there is some correct system decomposition that can be used in the architectural analysis. The sensitivity of the results to the chosen level of decomposition has not been considered. We represent forty eight idealized system architectures and a real complex system as a Design Structure Matrix at two different levels of decomposition. We analyze these architectures for their degree of modularity. We find that the degree of modularity can vary for the same system when the system is represented at the two different levels of granularity. For example, the printing system used in the case study is considered slightly integral at a higher level of decomposition and quite modular at a lower level of decomposition. We further find that even though the overall results can be different depending on the level of decomposition, the direction of change toward more modular or more integral can be calculated the same regardless of the level of decomposition. Level of decomposition can distort the results of architectural analysis and care must be taken in defining the system decomposition for any analysis.

Level of Modularity and Different Levels of System Granularity

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noemi Chiriac ◽  
Katja Hölttä-Otto ◽  
Dusan Lysy ◽  
Eun Suk Suh
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
System Development ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
System Decomposition ◽  
Architectural Analysis ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Printing System ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Real Complex

All complex system development projects involve analysis of the system architecture. Thus far it has been assumed that there is some correct system decomposition that can be used in the architectural analysis without consideration of the sensitivity of the results to the chosen level of decomposition. We represent 88 idealized system architectures and a real complex system as a design structure matrix at two different levels of decomposition. We analyze these architectures for their degree of modularity. We find that the degree of modularity can vary for the same system when the system is represented at the two different levels of granularity. For example, the printing system used in the case study is considered slightly integral at a higher level of decomposition and quite modular at a lower level of decomposition. We further find that even though the overall results can be different depending on the level of decomposition, the direction of change toward more modular or more integral can be calculated the same regardless of the level of decomposition. We conclude that the level of decomposition can distort the results of architectural analysis and care must be taken in defining the system decomposition for any analysis.

Exploring Effective Change Propagation in a Product Family Design

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inayat Ullah ◽  
Dunbing Tang ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Leilei Yin
Keyword(s):  
Product Family ◽  
Design Structure Matrix ◽  
Change Propagation ◽  
Effective Change ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Requirements Change ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
Design Requirements

Product family (PF) design is a widely used strategy in the industry, as it allows meeting diverse design requirements. Change propagation in any PF is difficult to predict. Consequently, while numerous design change management methodologies presently exist, their application is restricted to a single artifact. This issue is overcome in the present study. The proposed framework explores effective change propagation paths (CPPs) by considering the risks associated with design changes in the PF with the aim of minimizing the overall redesign cost. The propagated risk, which would result in rework, is quantified in terms of change impact and propagation likelihood. Moreover, a design structure matrix (DSM) based mathematical model and an algorithm for its implementation are proposed to investigate the change propagation across the PF. Finally, to demonstrate their effectiveness, a PF of electric kettles is examined in a case study. The study findings confirm that the proposed technique is appropriate for evaluating different CPPs in PF.

scholarly journals Development of Design Structure Matrix of Product Architecture Case Study: Multi Purpose CNC Router

2015 ◽  
Vol 1115 ◽  
pp. 606-609
Author(s):  
Irfan Hilmy ◽  
Erry Yulian T. Adesta ◽  
Nur’atiyah Najwa binti Samsul Bahrim ◽  
Aini Nurrasyidah binti Azhar ◽  
Siti Fatimah binti Mohd Shahar
Keyword(s):  
Product Architecture ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Design Structure Matrix ◽  
Engineering Product ◽  
Structure Matrix ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Engineering Team ◽  
Cnc Router ◽  
Is Design

In developing any engineering product, it is crucial to develop product architecture of the system. An engineering team who responsible in developing different module should work together in order to obtain product architecture as a blueprint of the project. It is common to breakdown system or product into smaller elements as follows: subsystems, modules and component and define the interactions between components and subsystems. In order to achieve the performance of the system as a whole, these elements must be integrated to work together. One of the method to develop product architecture is Design Structure Matrix (DSM). The use of DSM for Development of Product architecture with case study a CNC router platform is presented. Using DSM, order of product development can be optimized and any form of wastes can be eliminated in the design stage.

A Method for Evaluating Maintenance Capabilities in a Developing Community Using a Multiple DSM Framework

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar Nik Mutasim ◽  
Dillan Sayers ◽  
Felipe M. Pasquali ◽  
John F. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Design Structure Matrix ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
System Requirements

Introducing new technology to an inexpert society can be challenging. Rural communities are often deprived of technology that promotes a higher standard of living. Today there are sustainable energy solutions that, if correctly implemented, could close this gap. The literature indicates that a large number of humanitarian and relief projects failed because the communities were not able to perform the equipment maintenance. This work proposes a method for identifying the capability of a region to perform the necessary maintenance of a new technology. The method works by measuring both the system requirements and region abilities and resources. The proposed technique is devised with a design structure matrix in which each subsystem maintainability is analyzed. The resulting framework generates a comparative analysis that contributes to the decision making process. A case study is performed to evaluate the model on selecting an energy solution for a given community. The results provide designers a better understanding on the dependence of each component maintainability. Furthermore, it provides insights on the effect of region abilities and resources in the maintainability of a system.

scholarly journals The Structure of Devops in Product-Service System Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3111-3120
Author(s):  
Rajaram Srinivasan ◽  
Steven D. Eppinger ◽  
Nitin Joglekar
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Service System ◽  
System Development ◽  
Design Structure Matrix ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Software Development Process ◽  
Product Service System ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Product Service ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe study a DevOps software development process for a Product-Service System (PSS) using a design structure matrix (DSM) representation. We find unique features such as nested, planned iterations at differing rates which are not evident in conventional engineering development projects. We describe the impact of integrating ongoing operations into a development process and identify some of the enablers that lead to adoption of a DevOps process. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings and raise questions for further research.

Product Family Redesign Using Additive Manufacturing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangjin Jung ◽  
Timothy W. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Product Family ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Design Structure Matrix ◽  
Platform Architecture ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Market Requirements ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

In this study we investigate how we can effectively redesign a product family using additive manufacturing (AM). Specifically, we propose an integrated approach to product family redesign using platform metrics for a product family that uses AM. The proposed approach can help identify what to platform and how to platform with AM. We employ a variety metric to measure the amount of redesign for each component, a commonality metric to capture different types of commonality, and Design Structure Matrix (DSM) to analyze a platform architecture. After integrating these metrics, we can optimize balancing the tradeoffs between commonality and differentiation of components. Components that offer little variety for the market can be made common and part of the platform while components that must be varied to achieve market requirements should not be platformed and may be easily customized with AM. In order to facilitate customization of AM components, we can evaluate redesign of platform interfaces to help embed flexibility and modularity into the product family. To investigate the impact of the integrated approach, we apply the proposed approach to a family of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) as a case study. The results show the proposed approach can be effectively employed to identify ways to redesign the UAV family to improve the balance of commonality and variety of future product offerings.

Reconfigurable Parallel Printing System Design for Field Performance and Service Improvement

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Suk Suh ◽  
Gregory Kott
Keyword(s):  
Field Performance ◽  
Continuous Operation ◽  
Service Improvement ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
Field Service ◽  
Optimal Service ◽  
Printing System ◽  
Service Policy ◽  
Service Policies

Parallel printing systems offer many advantages to users in terms of system uptime and overall productivity through continuous operation even when certain components of the system fail. Additionally, parallel printing system architectures allow for implementation of different field service policies, giving an important advantage to applications where system uptime is critical. In this paper, we present a case study for evaluating performance of reconfigurable parallel printing system concepts. The field performance of three parallel printing system concepts with varying degrees of modularity and various service policies are evaluated through simulation. It is concluded that developing an optimal service policy in conjunction with developing a modular reconfigurable printing architecture is key to obtaining optimal field performance.

scholarly journals Machine components clustering with DSM and repeating method : case study of a soil mixing machine

2018 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 01037
Author(s):  
Tanongsak Kongsin ◽  
Sakon Klongboonjit
Keyword(s):  
Distance Matrix ◽  
Design Structure Matrix ◽  
Complete Linkage ◽  
Structure Matrix ◽  
Soil Mixing ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Modular Groups ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, components of the machine are analyzed to group all components into modular groups with a case study of a soil mixing machine. The study begins by creating a design structure matrix of all components. Next, the design structure matrix is transferred into a distance matrix of all components with Jaccard method. After that, the equation of complete linkage must be applied to change the distance matrix to a tree dendrogram for showing the relationship of machine components and dependent coefficient. With this tree dendrogram, six clusters are arranged:- the 1st cluster has 8 modules at the lowest dependent coefficient, the 2nd cluster has 7 modules, the 3rd cluster has 6 modules, the 4th cluster has 5 modules, the 5th cluster has 4 modules, and the 6th cluster has 2 modules at the highest dependent coefficient. Finally, the 1st cluster with 8 modules is considered to be the most proper cluster for this soil mixing machine by applying the repeating method to analyze all six clusters.

scholarly journals Consumers’ Kansei Needs Clustering Method for Product Emotional Design Based on Numerical Design Structure Matrix and Genetic Algorithms

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-pu Yang ◽  
Deng-kai Chen ◽  
Rong Gu ◽  
Yu-feng Gu ◽  
Sui-huai Yu
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Design Structure Matrix ◽  
Emotional Design ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Structure Matrix ◽  
Scale Method ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Numerical Design

Consumers’ Kansei needs reflect their perception about a product and always consist of a large number of adjectives. Reducing the dimension complexity of these needs to extract primary words not only enables the target product to be explicitly positioned, but also provides a convenient design basis for designers engaging in design work. Accordingly, this study employs a numerical design structure matrix (NDSM) by parameterizing a conventional DSM and integrating genetic algorithms to find optimum Kansei clusters. A four-point scale method is applied to assign link weights of every two Kansei adjectives as values of cells when constructing an NDSM. Genetic algorithms are used to cluster the Kansei NDSM and find optimum clusters. Furthermore, the process of the proposed method is presented. The details of the proposed approach are illustrated using an example of electronic scooter for Kansei needs clustering. The case study reveals that the proposed method is promising for clustering Kansei needs adjectives in product emotional design.

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