Design of a Novel Human-Computer Interface to Support HCD Application

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maura Mengoni ◽  
Barbara Colaiocco ◽  
Michele Germani ◽  
Margherita Peruzzini
Keyword(s):  
User Interfaces ◽  
Affective Response ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Product Experience ◽  
Technical Developments ◽  
Usability Tests ◽  
Early Design Stages ◽  
Virtual Prototypes ◽  
The One

The importance of Human-Centered Design (HCD) drives research toward the development of new UIs (User Interfaces) in order to predict human interaction with products at the early design stages. Virtual Reality (VR) allows carrying out usability tests on virtual prototypes to investigate users’ cognitive and affective response. Application problems regard with the reproduction of synaesthesia qualities in order to make the information processing similar to the one obtained by real sensory stimulation. While visualization technologies seem to be mature enough to overcome the above mentioned limitation, tactile devices are still far from properly simulating materials properties. In this context, the present work aims at structuring and applying a systematic approach to conceive, define and develop a novel VR-based technology, called I-perTouch. The goal is to stimulate the skin mechanoreceptors to generate a meaningful tactile sensation about materials softness, friction and roughness. The system can be also integrated with imaging and sound technologies to create a multi-sensorial product experience. The preliminary architecture results from the analysis of human tactile perception and the benchmark of available simulation devices and techniques. This paper contributes to discuss current issues of existing VR-based technologies in supporting HCD applications and to address technical developments toward the creation of a reliable system for texture perception.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Bi ◽  
Andrew Howes ◽  
Per Ola Kristensson ◽  
Antti Oulasvirta ◽  
John Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Information Visualization ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Graphic Design ◽  
Interaction Design ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Learning Design ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Interaction Techniques ◽  
Iterative Design ◽  
And Control

This chapter introduces the field of computational interaction, and explains its long tradition of research on human interaction with technology that applies to human factors engineering, cognitive modelling, artificial intelligence and machine learning, design optimization, formal methods, and control theory. It discusses how the book as a whole is part of an argument that, embedded in an iterative design process, computational interaction design has the potential to complement human strengths and provide a means to generate inspiring and elegant designs without refuting the part played by the complicated, and uncertain behaviour of humans. The chapters in this book manifest intellectual progress in the study of computational principles of interaction, demonstrated in diverse and challenging applications areas such as input methods, interaction techniques, graphical user interfaces, information retrieval, information visualization, and graphic design.

scholarly journals Liberalizm a szanse pokoju na świecie. Refleksje Karla Jaspersa

2018 ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Anna Citkowska-Kimla
Keyword(s):  
Max Weber ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Technical Developments ◽  
The Face ◽  
German Philosopher ◽  
Individual Existence ◽  
The One ◽  
Existential Dimension

The paper touches on the topic of optimism, allowing for a thesis of the peaceful coexistence of states to be proposed. This type of thinking was represented by the German philosopher and psychiatrist Karl Jaspers. Jaspers took the view that philosophy brings about political consequences that need to be observed and examined. He was influenced by Max Weber, from whom he adopted the idea of the salvation of Western heritage, embodied in the spirit of liberalism, freedom and diversity of private life. According to Jaspers, Germans should abandon their desire for military supremacy in favor of the dissemination of such universal ideas as freedom. In the interwar period Jaspers wrote a book about the spiritual situation of his times where he touched on the issue of the outcomes of technological progress for the existential dimension of man, who enjoys freedom on the one hand, and is responsible for himself on the other. He concluded by saying that in the face of such technical developments warfare poses a threat to biological survival and to freedom, since it destroys human self-responsibility. Jaspers noticed the problem of an individual being threatened by alienated social institutions, and as a consequence he proposed the thesis of the depersonalization of individual existence. The totalitarian system Jaspers had experienced encouraged him to revise the theoretical aspects and to develop a competitive, libertarian solution. Jaspers strongly emphasized individualism and the responsibility of individuals whose present influences the future. Jaspers’ ideas may be deemed to be remote from realism, since liberalism is a golden mean, neither preventing international wars nor appeasing political national arenas.

A Framework for Designing Component Shapes in a Virtual Reality Environment

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tushar H. Dani ◽  
Rajit Gadh
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Virtual Design ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Interactive Editing

Abstract Despite advances in Computer-Aided Design (CAD) and the evolution of the graphical user interfaces, rapid creation, editing and visualization of three-dimensional (3D) shapes remains a tedious task. Though the availability of Virtual Reality (VR)-based systems allows enhanced three-dimensional interaction and visualization, the use of VR for ab initio shape design, as opposed to ‘importing’ models from existing CAD systems, is a relatively new area of research. Of interest are computer-human interaction issues and the design and geometric tools for shape modeling in a Virtual Environment (VE). The focus of this paper is on the latter i.e. in defining the geometric tools required for a VR-CAD system and in describing a framework that meets those requirements. This framework, the Virtual Design Software Framework (VDSF) consists of the interaction and design tools, and an underlying geometric engine that provides the representation and algorithms required by these tools. The geometric engine called the Virtual Modeler uses a graph-based representation (Shape-Graph) for modeling the shapes created by the user. The Shape-Graph facilitates interactive editing by localizing the effect of editing operations and in addition provides constraint-based design and editing mechanisms that are useful in a 3D interactive virtual environment. The paper concludes with a description of the prototype system, called the Virtual Design Studio (VDS), that is currently being implemented.1.

Space and Media

2018 ◽  
pp. 29-38
Keyword(s):  
User Interfaces ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Computer Game ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Relevant Aspect ◽  
Current Generation ◽  
Natural User Interfaces ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Third Person ◽  
The One

The tool identified for data collection of this research project is a video game, which makes the topic of the representation of space in videogame an absolutely relevant aspect for the project. This work bases on the statement of Jenkins, according to which “game space never exists in abstract, but always experientially”. In the current generation of video games, talking about position of the camera assumes a different value than in film or television language, assuming the meaning of point of view from which the game is visually (and auditory) presented and determines the spatial perspective of a computer game. The most common distinction, with respect to the position of the camera, is between First Person Camera, where space is presented from the perceptive perspective of the player's avatar and Third Person Camera, where the perspective is not directly the one of the avatar. This category, in fact, is very extensive, and poorly lends itself to a single definition. Under the umbrella of Third Person Camera are both perspectives associated with the avatar, but framing it externally (a camera follows the avatar) and those in which the camera is fixed. Moreover, the position of the camera compared to the avatar (from behind, left, right, Orbit Camera, etc.), or with respect to the environment (from above, from a precise point of reference) is not a neutral choice. In the present work, we use the categorization proposed by Britta Neitzel (Neitzel, 2002), which, taking up the work of Jean Mitry about The Aesthetics and Psychology of the Cinema (Mitry & King, 1997), distinguishes between subjective, semisubjective or objectives views. The chapter provides examples of different perspectives, and introduces the concept of Natural User Interfaces, which include movements based on input and output, on discretion, on voice, and evolve towards an efficient use of the senses in the interaction with machines.

Web Usability

2005 ◽  
pp. 3074-3078
Author(s):  
Shirley Ann Becker
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Human Computer Interaction ◽  
Interest Group ◽  
Personal Computer ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Computing Machinery ◽  
Computer Interaction

The study of computing technology and user interfaces was initiated during the 1970s when industrial research laboratories began to focus on human-computer interaction (HCI) (Badre, 2002). In the 1980s, the personal computer was introduced, thus expanding the need for designing effective user interfaces. HCI became a discipline during this time, and the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) established the Special Interest Group in Computer Human Interaction. One of the first textbooks on HCI, Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction (Schneiderman, 19891), was published. Shortly thereafter, HCI became part of the ACM curriculum promoting the development of effective user interfaces. Software tools were developed in order to assist in designing usable interfaces while employing usability engineering methods. Many of these methods focused on usability from the perspective of ease of use, ease of learning, user satisfaction, and zero defects (Nielsen, 1993).

An Interactive Tool for the Participatory Design of Product Interface

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loris Barbieri ◽  
Agostino Angilica ◽  
Fabio Bruno ◽  
Maurizio Muzzupappa
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
End Users ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Usability Tests ◽  
Interactive Tool ◽  
Novel Approach

The importance of participatory design (PD) is progressively increasing thanks to its capacity to explore a wide variety of concepts, thus increasing the opportunity to create a successful product. In fact the design process should not be a solo activity, as designers often need inputs and other points of view, especially from end-users. According to the ultimate idea of PD, end-users are actively involved in the various activities of the product development to ensure that their needs and desires are satisfied. This paper presents a novel approach to the participatory design of product interfaces in a user-centered design (UCD) process. The approach is based on an interactive tool that allows end-users to design custom user interfaces of household appliances taking advantage of their own needs and experiences. The tool incorporates the analytical and more abstract knowledge of the designers codified in the form of aesthetical, technological and manufacturing constraints (i.e., limitations in the number and geometry of interface components, a limited number of colors, a discretization of the area where interface widgets are placed). This solution allows the end-users to directly design their favorite interface without the interference of any other subject. Through an accurate analysis of the choices done by the users, the designers are able to access to the deepest level of the users’ expression in order to catch their latent needs and tacit knowledge. The tool has been designed in order to make possible to immediately perform usability tests on the designed interface by using a Mixed Reality prototype. The paper describes the development of the tool and proposes a methodology that has been specifically addressed to include this tool in a design process based on UCD principles. Both the tool and the methodology are presented through the description of a case-study related to the redesign of a washing machine dashboard. Experimental results show that the proposed tool can be an effective support to design product interfaces during PD sessions.

New Robotics: Design Principles for Intelligent Systems

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 99-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Pfeifer ◽  
Fumiya Iida ◽  
Josh Bongard
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Building Systems ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
Robotics Design ◽  
And Control

New robotics is an approach to robotics that, in contrast to traditional robotics, employs ideas and principles from biology. While in the traditional approach there are generally accepted methods (e.g., from control theory), designing agents in the new robotics approach is still largely considered an art. In recent years, we have been developing a set of heuristics, or design principles, that on the one hand capture theoretical insights about intelligent (adaptive) behavior, and on the other provide guidance in actually designing and building systems. In this article we provide an overview of all the principles but focus on the principles of ecological balance, which concerns the relation between environment, morphology, materials, and control, and sensory-motor coordination, which concerns self-generated sensory stimulation as the agent interacts with the environment and which is a key to the development of high-level intelligence. As we argue, artificial evolution together with morphogenesis is not only “nice to have” but is in fact a necessary tool for designing embodied agents.

A Dynamic Model Balancing User Control and Workload in Automatic and Adaptive Systems

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 186-190
Author(s):  
Shelley Roberts ◽  
Avi Parush
Keyword(s):  
User Interfaces ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Interactive Systems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Controlled Systems ◽  
Adaptive User Interfaces ◽  
Interface Adaptation ◽  
The One

Current interactive systems are criticized for having complex interfaces that overload users with information. Two possible solutions to manage overload are automatic interfaces that augment user capabilities, and user-controlled systems that provide support. These two types of interfaces introduce a trade-off: On the one hand, automatic interfaces alleviate workload but create performance problems associated with the absence of control. On the other hand, user-controlled interfaces afford users more control, which may come with additional workload. Based on the analysis of adaptive user interfaces and automation, a model is proposed where automatic and user interface adaptation are in a multidimensional and continuum-based space, allowing for modelling dynamic changes to the roles the human and machine play at various stages of interaction.

Der Benutzer im User Interface-Gestaltungsprozess (The User in the UI Design Process for Consumer Products)

2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Böcker ◽  
Matthias Schneider-Hufschmidt
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Design Process ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Ui Design ◽  
Usability Tests

Vielen Entwicklern von User Interfaces sind die Bedürfnisse, Anforderungen und Vorlieben der späteren Benutzer von Consumer-Produkten weitgehend unbekannt. Das Ergebnis ihrer Bemühungen sind Produkte, deren Funktionalität von den Benutzern nicht ausgenützt wird, weil sie entweder für diese Benutzer irrelevant oder in der Handhabung so komplex sind, dass Sie von den späteren Kunden nicht verstanden werden.Dabei ist es durchaus möglich, spätere Endkunden in die Gestaltungsprozesse für Benutzungsoberflächen dieser Produkte einzubinden. Zu den erfolgversprechenden Maßnahmen gehören primär Fokusgruppen-Analysen zur Erhebung von Nutzeranforderungen und Usability-Tests mit potenziellen Kunden, in denen während des gesamten Entwurfsprozesses Handhabungskonzepte, Gestaltungsalternativen und die entstehenden Produkte auf Akzeptanz und Nutzbarkeit getestet werden.

scholarly journals Testing of Auditory Clinical Alarms in ICU/CCU

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Thangavelu S. D. ◽  
Supriyanto E. ◽  
Yunus J.
Keyword(s):  
Test Signal ◽  
Alarm System ◽  
Alarm Signal ◽  
Single Tone ◽  
Alarm Signals ◽  
Clinical Alarms ◽  
Usability Tests ◽  
Sample Proportion ◽  
The One ◽  
Almost All

Almost all medical devices in ICU/CCU have a built-in clinical alarm system to alert when there are changes in a patient’s condition. The objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the existing alarm system in ICU/CCU. Two summative usability tests were conducted to test the effectiveness of existing and new alarm signals based on IEC 60601-1-8:2006 standard. Further formative test is conducted to study the perception of urgency associated with a number of tones in the alarm signals. The findings indicate that the existing auditory alarm signal in ICU/CCU does not indicate the urgency of the alarm conditions. The simulation test indicates that the respondents preferred 282Hz, 500Hz and 800Hz for low, medium and high-risk alarm respectively. The one-sample proportion z test on urgency mapping indicates that the proportion of responses for the highest risk is more than 50% for a single tone test signal. These results show that a single tone test signal being perceived as the highest risk is regardless of frequency. It can be concluded the auditory alarm designed based on this IEC 60608-1-8:2006 standard is not effective. As such it is proposed that the incorporation of the new alarm frequencies and tones will improve the effectiveness of the alarm signal

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