Introduction to Pre-Robotics: Exploring a Novel Approach for Teaching Mechanical Design

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahram Payandeh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Engineering Science ◽  
Science Program ◽  
Mechanical Device ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Design Alternatives ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Main Components

Educating young engineers in the field of design has always been a challenging task. In particular, teaching some of the aspects of robotics and mechanisms design in a non-mechanical curriculum by far introduces additional challenges. This paper presents an overview of a teaching approach and pedagogical challenges of the author for the past 18 years in teaching (or creating a learning objectives) of the basics of mechanical design methodologies and experiences to sophomore students enrolled in the Engineering Science program. One of the main components of the course syllabus is the notion of design synthesis of a pre-robotic mechanical device. First, the functionality of this device is shown to the students. Next, the students need to propose various design alternatives with mechanical and technical specifications. This paper outlines the method of how the students are guided through the design experience while exploring the basic steps of the design process and specifications.

Modeling Platform for a Micro-CHP System with SOFC Operating under Load Changes

2014 ◽  
Vol 607 ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Kupecki
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Chp System ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Partial Loads ◽  
Numerical Simulator

Paper presents a novel approach to modeling of a micro-combined heat and power (μ-CHP) unit with solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). The proposed numerical simulator can be applied both to the analysis of a system operation in the design point and in off-design. Main components of the power system have been represented by dedicated sub-models, incorporated in the numerical simulator of a complete μ-CHP unit. The proposed modeling platform offers the possibility of analyzing system with different solid oxide fuel cells, its operation at partial loads and with various fuels. Components of the system can be modified, technical specifications can be adjusted in order to allow simulation of other components. The main equations for electrical and overall efficiency calculations are given and discussed.

Extraordinary circumstances: Covid-19 – Italian Serie A scenario

2021 ◽  
pp. 175433712110192
Author(s):  
Milan Radojicic ◽  
Aleksandar Djokovic ◽  
Nikola Cvetkovic
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analysis ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Round Robin ◽  
The Past ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Round Robin Tournaments

Unpredictable and uncontrollable situations have happened throughout history. Inevitably, such situations have an impact on various spheres of life. The coronavirus disease 2019 has affected many of them, including sports. The ban on social gatherings has caused the cancellation of many sports competitions. This paper proposes a methodology based on hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) that can be applied when a need occurs to end an interrupted tournament and the conditions for playing the remaining matches are far from ideal. The proposed methodology is based on how to conclude the season for Serie A, a top-division football league in Italy. The analysis showed that it is reasonable to play 14 instead of the 124 remaining matches of the 2019–2020 season to conclude the championship. The proposed methodology was tested on the past 10 seasons of the Serie A, and its effectiveness was confirmed. This novel approach can be used in any other sport where round-robin tournaments exist.

scholarly journals Integrating Value Considerations in the Decision Making for the Design of Biorefineries

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 2927-2955
Author(s):  
Mar Palmeros Parada ◽  
Lotte Asveld ◽  
Patricia Osseweijer ◽  
John Alexander Posada
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Decision ◽  
Value Sensitive Design ◽  
Design Practice ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Design Alternatives ◽  
Biobased Production

AbstractBiobased production has been promoted as a sustainable alternative to fossil resources. However, controversies over its impact on sustainability highlight societal concerns, value tensions and uncertainties that have not been taken into account during its development. In this work, the consideration of stakeholders’ values in a biorefinery design project is investigated. Value sensitive design (VSD) is a promising approach to the design of technologies with consideration of stakeholders’ values, however, it is not directly applicable for complex systems like biorefineries. Therefore, some elements of VSD, such as the identification of relevant values and their connection to a technology’s features, are brought into biorefinery design practice. Midstream modulation (MM), an approach to promoting the consideration of societal aspects during research and development activities, is applied to promote reflection and value considerations during the design decision making. As result, it is shown that MM interventions during the design process led to new design alternatives in support of stakeholders' values, and allowed to recognize and respond to emerging value tensions within the scope of the project. In this way, the present work shows a novel approach for the technical investigation of VSD, especially for biorefineries. Also, based on this work it is argued that not only reflection, but also flexibility and openness are important for the application of VSD in the context of biorefinery design.

A model of the mechanical design process based on empirical data

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Ullman ◽  
Thomas G. Dietterich ◽  
Larry A. Stauffer
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Level Of Detail ◽  
Cad Tools ◽  
Design Alternatives ◽  
Key Features

This paper describes the task/episode accumulation model (TEA model) of non-routine mechanical design, which was developed after detailed analysis of the audio and video protocols of five mechanical designers. The model is able to explain the behavior of designers at a much finer level of detail than previous models. The key features of the model are (a) the design is constructed by incrementally refining and patching an initial conceptual design, (b) design alternatives are not considered outside the boundaries of design episodes (which are short stretches of problem solving aimed at specific goals), (c) the design process is controlled locally, primarily at the level of individual episodes. Among the implications of the model are the following: (a) CAD tools should be extended to represent the state of the design at more abstract levels, (b) CAD tools should help the designer manage constraints, and (c) CAD tools should be designed to give cognitive support to the designer.

scholarly journals A Model for the Strategic Use of Metacognitive Reading Comprehension Strategies

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-201
Author(s):  
Juan David Gómez González
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Strategy Instruction ◽  
Reading Proficiency ◽  
Intermediate Level ◽  
Comprehension Strategies ◽  
Reading Comprehension Strategies ◽  
Content Learning ◽  
The Past ◽  
Composite Approach ◽  
Main Components

This paper describes an approach to developing intermediate level reading proficiency through a strategic and iterative use of a discreet set of tasks that combine some of the more common metacognitive theories and strategies that have been published in the past thirty years. The case for incorporating this composite approach into reading comprehension classes begins with an explanation of its benefits and the context in which it came to be; its relationship to theoretical discourse in the field; a description of its three main components: textual indicators, strategy instruction, and content learning; and concludes by presenting a model for implementing the approach that integrates these three components.

Reliability and validity of a taekwondo electronic body protector

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-209
Author(s):  
Rizal Razman ◽  
Ryan Wy Lunn Chong
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
The Past ◽  
System Body ◽  
Main Components

The Protector and Scoring System was introduced in taekwondo to encourage transparency in scoring during competition. The system, which has been used in the past two Olympics, consists of two main components, the electronic body protector and socks. The few studies that have been conducted on the Protector and Scoring System have not been comprehensive and used questionable testing methods. The main objectives of this study were to methodologically examine the validity and reliability of a Protector and Scoring System body protector. To fulfil these objectives, a customized mechanical pendulum was built to test the Protector and Scoring System. The reliability of the pendulum was first determined by tracking the pendulum’s mean velocity at impact for 50 trials on two separate occasions. Data from both days were compared and showed no significant differences ( p = 0.08). Mean kinetic energy of the pendulum was then calculated to be 55.52 J. For the experimental trial, the electronic body protector was divided into 12 sections. Each section was tested with the pendulum for 50 trials on two separate days. It was found that only three sections had no significant differences between the two days ( p > 0.01), while the rest of the sections had significantly different readings between Day 1 and Day 2. Based on the homologous descriptive statistics, only two sections were in the same group, which translated to the Protector and Scoring System being only 16.7% reliable overall for both days. In terms of validity, an independent samples t-test was used to determine the differences between the calculated kinetic energy from the pendulum (the criterion) and the displayed kinetic energy on the Protector and Scoring System, and values were found to be significantly different ( p < 0.01). Overall, the reliability and validity of the Protector and Scoring System was found to be questionable. The system needs to be examined exhaustively before being used in any future tournaments.

scholarly journals Consumer's inflation expectations in Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-529
Author(s):  
Fernando Ormonde Teixeira ◽  
Ingrid Christyne Luquett de Oliveira ◽  
Pedro Costa Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Forecast Accuracy ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Inflation Expectations ◽  
Consumer Survey ◽  
Micro Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Expectations Formation ◽  
The Media ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Media Data

Abstract This paper investigates what are the main components of consumer's inflation expectations. We combine the FGV's Consumer Survey with the indices of inflation (IPCA and government regulated prices), professional forecasts disclosed in the Focus report, and media data which we crawl from one of the biggest and most important Brazilian newspapers, Folha de São Paulo, to determine what factors are responsible for and improve consumer's forecast accuracy. We found gender, age and city of residence as major elements when analyzing micro-data. Aggregate data shows the past inflation as an important trigger in the formation of consumers' expectations and professional forecasts as negligible. Moreover, the media plays a significant role, accounting not only for the expectations' formation but for a better understanding of actual inflation as well.

scholarly journals 6,7-Disubstituted-4-anilinoquinazoline: Design, Synthesis and Anticancer Activity as a Novel Series of Potent Anticancer Agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-218
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Azmian Moghadam ◽  
Mehdi Evazalipour ◽  
Hassan Kefayati ◽  
Saeed Ghasemi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Atp Binding Site ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Background: Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) are responsible for several pathological conditions such as the development of different kinds of tumors. The combined inhibition of both signal transduction pathways seems to be a promising novel approach for cancer treatment. Methods: In this study, novel 4-anilinoquinazoline derivatives with various substituents on-7 position of quinazoline moiety were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against A431 and HU02 cell lines. Results: Compounds 8a, 8d, and 8f displayed the most potent anticancer activities against A431(IC50 = 1.78 μM, 8.25 μM, and 7.18 μM, respectively) in comparison with reference standards(erlotinib IC50=8.31 μM and vandetanib IC50=10.62 μM). Molecular docking studies proved that8a as the most potent compound could be efficiently accommodated in the ATP binding site ofEGFR and VEGFR-2 through the formation of essential hydrogen bonds between quinazolineN1 atom and the Met796 backbone of EGFR as well as the Cys919 backbone of VEGFR-2 with a distance of 1.94 Å and 1.398 Å, respectively. Conclusion: Compound 8a as the most potent compound with morpholine and 3-bromoaniline at the 7 and 4 positions of quinazoline scaffold, respectively, deserves more study and structural optimization as an anticancer agent.

scholarly journals Reel Cops: Exploring the Representation of Policing on Police Ten 7

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Gabrielle Margaret Podvoiskis
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Reality Television ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Street Crime ◽  
The Past ◽  
Administrative Functions ◽  
Award Winning ◽  
Main Components

<p>Cop shows have been a perennial on prime time television for the past fifty years. Over the past two decades, however, the increasing popularity of reality television means that it is now competing for ascendency with traditional police-centered “soap operas”. For example, at the time of writing a search of the television scheduling by genre on TVNZ on demand reveals 92 reality television programmes compared to 65 dramas, 36 comedies and 22 news programmes. New Zealand, despite its limited production capacity has also cashed in on reality television with recent New Zealand offerings including Motorway Patrol, Illegal NZ, Drug Bust and Emergency 111. The most popular, award winning reality crime programme currently screening on New Zealand television, now in its 20th season, is Police Ten 7. The principle research question driving this thesis is: “To what extent does Police Ten 7 reflect the actual reality of contemporary policing in New Zealand?” This research question was explored through a content analysis of the entire 2010 season of Police Ten 7, consisting of 15 episodes. To assess the extent to which Police Ten 7 reflects the known realities of policing, the content analysis was broken into three main components. The first examined the demographic makeup of police. The second explored types of offences and offenders featured and the third explored the types of police activities depicted on Police Ten 7. These were then contrasted against the known realities of police, offenders and offending patterns in New Zealand. In short, the focus was on who was featured on Police Ten 7, what were they portrayed as doing and how this compares to what we actually know about crime and policing in New Zealand. The main findings were that while some aspects of policing and offending were depicted reasonably accurately, for example gender and ethnicity of police, other aspects were significantly skewed. Police Ten 7 consistently misrepresents the types of offences most commonly committed in New Zealand, over-representing traditional “street” crime such as drug and antisocial offending and violence and under-representing and even ignoring completely other common offences such as dishonesty crimes. Similarly, white individuals depicted in Police Ten 7 are much more likely to be police than offenders, while the opposite is true for non-white individuals who are also depicted more commonly as being involved in violent offending than their white counterparts. As a vehicle for the presentation of the reality of policing Police Ten 7 was found to significantly misrepresent the work undertaken by the typical police officer, over-emphasising the exciting and action-packed aspects of the job and under-emphasising the service and administrative functions of police. The conclusion reached as a result of this research is that Police Ten 7 does not in fact show audiences “a glimpse into the real working lives of New Zealand police” (TVNZ, 2011b). Instead it creates a specific, pro-police vision of policing and crime in New Zealand which features real police and offenders but as a result of the symbiotic relationship between the producers and the police combines to misrepresent the reality of both policing and offending for the majority of police and offenders.</p>

Dynamics in Knowledge

2012 ◽  
pp. 1595-1612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeki Sugiyama
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Social Study ◽  
Engineering Science ◽  
The Past ◽  
Intelligent Software ◽  
System Method ◽  
Modern Engineering

Since the idea of “artificial intelligence with knowledge” had been introduced, so many thoughts, theories, and ideas in various fields of engineering, science, geology, social study, economics, and management methods have been proposed. Those things have been started as an extension of modern engineering control theories and practices. Firstly, expert system by using IF-Then rules came up to at a production spot in manufacturing, and then agent system method by using intelligent software programs for design, planning, scheduling, production, and management in manufacturing. And then after, the idea of “Knowledge” burst into the artificial intelligence field as a real aid for getting any purpose to be accomplished by having augmented the past key knowledge in terms of management (controlling). However, those augmented knowledge methods used to have usages only in a limited small area. In addition to this, lots of works have to be done before making the systems work for a target problem solving. And what is worse, lots of parts of systems have to be customized for a new application. This chapter introduces a new direction and a method in “Knowledge” by inaugurating the brand new idea of “Dynamics in Knowledge,” which will behave more flexibly and intelligently in real usages.

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