Knowledge Based Design of 3D Electronic Circuit Carriers

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo A. Kaiser ◽  
Ursula Frank ◽  
Juergen Gausemeier
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Electronic Circuit ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
New Production ◽  
Product Concept ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Miniature Robot

Miniaturization, high reliability and low manufacturing costs require close spatial integration of mechanics and electronics. New production technologies such as MID (Molded Interconnect Device), which enables to manufacture three-dimensional circuit carriers and replace conventional PCBs, open up interesting perspectives in this context. These production technologies cause strong interdependencies between product design and manufacturing; they usually determine the product concept. These interdependencies are often not known to the designers. The design of systems with technologies like MID thus needs a design-supporting knowledge base to overcome this lack of information. This paper describes a knowledge base for the design of three-dimensional electronic circuit carriers in MID. The knowledge base provides the developer with adapted procedural models for the specific design task, which show the mentioned interdependencies, as well as appropriate guidelines and standards during the different design phases. Thus the necessary information is available to the designer at all times. The application of the knowledge base is shown by the example of the housing of an autonomous miniature robot. The miniature robot is manufactured in large numbers. It serves as a test bed for swarm intelligence and multi-agents applications in computer science as well as for the employment of the Technology MID.

Design of Spatial Electronic Circuit Carrier by the Example of a Miniature Robot

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo A. Kaiser ◽  
Ursula Frank ◽  
Juergen Gausemeier ◽  
Sebastian Pook
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Circuit ◽  
System Development ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
New Production ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Molded Interconnect Devices ◽  
Miniature Robot ◽  
Specification Techniques

Miniaturization, high reliability and low manufacturing costs require close spatial integration of mechanics and electronics. New production technologies such as MID (Molded Interconnect Devices), with which spatial electronic circuit carriers can be manufactured, offer intriguing possibilities. However, these production technologies already determine the product concepts. The product and the production system development must be interrelated. This development will be shown through the example of a miniature robot. The miniature robot is supposed to be manufactured in large quantity. It is to act as an experimental object for swarm intelligence and multi-agent applications of computer science, as well as using the Technology MID. A new methodology is necessary for the design of systems with MID. This paper describes first a procedural model for the integrated design of 3-D molded interconnect devices. And then it presents the specification techniques for the constant cross-domain description of such systems, from the principal solution to prototypes. The procedure and the application of the specification techniques are shown through the example of the housing of an autonomous miniature robot.

scholarly journals Accuracy and Reproducibility of Facial Measurements of Digital Photographs and Wrapped Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Photographs

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 757
Author(s):  
Maged Sultan Alhammadi ◽  
Abeer Abdulkareem Al-mashraqi ◽  
Rayid Hussain Alnami ◽  
Nawaf Mohammad Ashqar ◽  
Omar Hassan Alamir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Facial Profile ◽  
Digital Photographs ◽  
Gonial Angle

The study sought to assess whether the soft tissue facial profile measurements of direct Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and wrapped CBCT images of non-standardized facial photographs are accurate compared to the standardized digital photographs. In this cross-sectional study, 60 patients with an age range of 18–30 years, who were indicated for CBCT, were enrolled. Two facial photographs were taken per patient: standardized and random (non-standardized). The non-standardized ones were wrapped with the CBCT images. The most used soft tissue facial profile landmarks/parameters (linear and angular) were measured on direct soft tissue three-dimensional (3D) images and on the photographs wrapped over the 3D-CBCT images, and then compared to the standardized photographs. The reliability analysis was performed using concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) and depicted graphically using Bland–Altman plots. Most of the linear and angular measurements showed high reliability (0.91 to 0.998). Nevertheless, four soft tissue measurements were unreliable; namely, posterior gonial angle (0.085 and 0.11 for wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively), mandibular plane angle (0.006 and 0.0016 for wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively), posterior facial height (0.63 and 0.62 for wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively) and total soft tissue facial convexity (0.52 for both wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively). The soft tissue facial profile measurements from either the direct 3D-CBCT images or the wrapped CBCT images of non-standardized frontal photographs were accurate, and can be used to analyze most of the soft tissue facial profile measurements.

Research on the Reliability of Box for Gear Test Bed

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 1744-1748
Author(s):  
Xiang Yang Jin ◽  
Tie Feng Zhang ◽  
Li Li Zhao ◽  
He Teng Wang ◽  
Xiang Yi Guan
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Kinematics Simulation ◽  
Beveloid Gears ◽  
Overall Performance

To determine the efficiency, load-bearing capacity and fatigue life of beveloid gears with intersecting axes, we design a mechanical gear test bed with closed power flow. To test the quality of its structure and predict its overall performance, we establish a three-dimensional solid model for various components based on the design parameters and adopt the technology of virtual prototyping simulation to conduct kinematics simulation on it. Then observe and verify the interactive kinematic situation of each component. Moreover, the finite element method is also utilized to carry out structural mechanics and dynamics analysis on some key components. The results indicate that the test bed can achieve the desired functionality, and the static and dynamic performance of some key components can also satisfy us.

Evaluating the Effect of Three-Dimensional Visualization on Force Application and Performance Time during Robotics-Assisted Mitral Valve Repair

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria E. Currie ◽  
Ana Luisa Trejos ◽  
Reiza Rayman ◽  
Michael W.A. Chu ◽  
Rajni Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Haptic Feedback ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Mitral Valve Annuloplasty ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of three-dimensional (3D) binocular, stereoscopic, and two-dimensional (2D) monocular visualization on robotics-assisted mitral valve annuloplasty versus conventional techniques in an ex vivo animal model. In addition, we sought to determine whether these effects were consistent between novices and experts in robotics-assisted cardiac surgery. Methods A cardiac surgery test-bed was constructed to measure forces applied during mitral valve annuloplasty. Sutures were passed through the porcine mitral valve annulus by the participants with different levels of experience in robotics-assisted surgery and tied in place using both robotics-assisted and conventional surgery techniques. Results The mean time for both the experts and the novices using 3D visualization was significantly less than that required using 2D vision (P < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the maximum force applied by the novices to the mitral valve during suturing (P = 0.7) and suture tying (P = 0.6) using either 2D or 3D visualization. The mean time required and forces applied by both the experts and the novices were significantly less using the conventional surgical technique than when using the robotic system with either 2D or 3D vision (P < 0.001). Conclusions Despite high-quality binocular images, both the experts and the novices applied significantly more force to the cardiac tissue during 3D robotics-assisted mitral valve annuloplasty than during conventional open mitral valve annuloplasty. This finding suggests that 3D visualization does not fully compensate for the absence of haptic feedback in robotics-assisted cardiac surgery.

Numerical Simulation of Gas Flow and Heat Transfer in Cross-Wavy Primary Surface Channel for Microtubine Recuperators

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. X. Liang ◽  
Q. W. Wang ◽  
L. Q. Luo ◽  
Z. P. Feng
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Flow And Heat Transfer ◽  
High Heat Transfer ◽  
The Cross

Three-dimensional numerical simulation was conducted to investigate the flow field and heat transfer performance of the Cross-Wavy Primary Surface (CWPS) recuperators for microturbines. Using high-effective compact recuperators to achieve high thermal efficiency is one of the key techniques in the development of microturbine in recent years. Recuperators need to have minimum volume and weight, high reliability and durability. Most important of all, they need to have high thermal-effectiveness and low pressure-losses so that the gas turbine system can achieve high thermal performances. These requirements have attracted some research efforts in designing and implementing low-cost and compact recuperators for gas turbine engines recently. One of the promising techniques to achieve this goal is the so-called primary surface channels with small hydraulic dimensions. In this paper, we conducted a three-dimensional numerical study of flow and heat transfer for the Cross-Wavy Primary Surface (CWPS) channels with two different geometries. In the CWPS configurations the secondary flow is created by means of curved and interrupted surfaces, which may disturb the thermal boundary layers and thus improve the thermal performances of the channels. To facilitate comparison, we chose the identical hydraulic diameters for the above four CWPS channels. Since our experiments on real recuperators showed that the Reynolds number ranges from 150 to 500 under the operating conditions, we implemented all the simulations under laminar flow situations. By analyzing the correlations of Nusselt numbers and friction factors vs. Reynolds numbers of the four CWPS channels, we found that the CWPS channels have superior and comprehensive thermal performance with high compactness, i.e., high heat transfer area to volume ratio, indicating excellent commercialized application in the compact recuperators.

Opportunities for digitalization of quality management systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
S.V. Alexandrova ◽  
◽  
V.A. Vasiliev ◽  
M.N. Alexandrov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Iso 9001 ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
New Production ◽  
Quality Management Systems ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Monitoring And Measurement

In the context of digitalization, the functioning of the QMS necessitates the development and application of qualitatively new management technologies, as well as fundamentally new production technologies. Science is faced with the question of studying the main ways of developing the QMS, determining its place and role in modern conditions and realities, including the use of digital technologies. The article defines the sections of the QMS (GOST R ISO 9001-2015), in which digital technologies can and should be implemented: clause 8.3 Design and development of products and services, clause 8.4. Production of products and provision of services, p. 7.1.5 Resources for monitoring and measurement, p. 9.3. Management analysis.

Experimental Characterization and Finite Element Modeling of Film Capacitors for Automotive Applications

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Croccolo ◽  
T. M. Brugo ◽  
M. De Agostinis ◽  
S. Fini ◽  
G. Olmi
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Strain Analysis ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Thermal Loads ◽  
Mechanical Shock

As electronics keeps on its trend towards miniaturization, increased functionality and connectivity, the need for improved reliability capacitors is growing rapidly in several industrial compartments, such as automotive, medical, aerospace and military. Particularly, recent developments of the automotive compartment, mostly due to changes in standards and regulations, are challenging the capabilities of capacitors in general, and especially film capacitors. Among the required features for a modern capacitor are the following: (i) high reliability under mechanical shock, (ii) wide working temperature range, (iii) high insulation resistance, (iv) small dimensions, (v) long expected life time and (vi) high peak withstanding voltage. This work aims at analyzing the key features that characterize the mechanical response of the capacitor towards temperature changes. Firstly, all the key components of the capacitor have been characterized, in terms of strength and stiffness, as a function of temperature. These objectives have been accomplished by means of several strain analysis methods, such as strain gauges, digital image correlation (DIC) or dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). All the materials used to manufacture the capacitor, have been characterized, at least, with respect to their Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio. Then, a three-dimensional finite element model of the whole capacitor has been set up using the ANSYS code. Based on all the previously collected rehological data, the numerical model allowed to simulate the response in terms of stress and strain of each of the capacitor components when a steady state thermal load is applied. Due to noticeable differences between the thermal expansion coefficients of the capacitor components, stresses and strains build up, especially at the interface between different components, when thermal loads are applied to the assembly. Therefore, the final aim of these numerical analyses is to allow the design engineer to define structural optimization strategies, aimed at reducing the mechanical stresses on the capacitor components when thermal loads are applied.

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Centrifugal Pump Performance When Handling Viscous Fluids

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Shojaee Fard ◽  
M. B. Ehghaghi ◽  
F. A. Boyaghchi
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Centrifugal Pump ◽  
Turbulent Flows ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Viscous Fluids ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Flow Process ◽  
Pump Performance

On the test bed of centrifugal pump, the centrifugal pump performance has been investigated using water and viscous oil as Newtonian fluids, whose kinematic viscosities are 1 × 10−6, 43 × 10−6 and 62 × 10−6 m2/s, respectively. Also, the finite volume method is used to model the three dimensional viscous fluids for different operating conditions. For these numerical simulations the SIMPLEC algorithm is used for solving governing equations of incompressible viscous/turbulent flows through the pump. The κ-ε turbulence model is adopted to describe the turbulent flow process. These simulations have been made with a steady calculation and using the multiple reference frame (MRF) technique to take into account the impeller-volute interaction. Numerical results are compared with the experimental characteristic curve for each viscous fluid. The data obtained allow the analysis of the main phenomena existent in this pump, such as: head, efficiency, power and pressure field changes for different operating conditions. Also, the correction factors for oils are obtained from the experimental for part loading (PL), best efficiency point (BEP) and over loading (OL) and the results are compared with proposed factors by American Hydraulic Institute (HIS) and Soviet Union (USSR). The comparisons between the numerical and experimental results show a good agreement.

THE SYSTEM OF SUBSTANTIATION OF THE CHOICE OF THE WELL OPERATION METHOD BASED ON THE MATRIX OF APPLICABILITY OF OIL PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
M.I. Kuzmin ◽  
A.N. Bublik ◽  
P.S. Muzichuk ◽  
L.B. Rudnik ◽  
A.V. Sushkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
New Production ◽  
Total Cost Of Ownership ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Cost Of Ownership ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Exploration And Production ◽  
Production Technologies

An information system is proposed that uses a new complex methodology for choosing a method for well operation based on applicability criteria and boundary conditions for the parameters of mechanized productivity technologies. A mechanism for selecting technologies is presented, which consists of filtering the general register of technologies according to the selected parameters for assessing the total cost of ownership at the Company’s fields. The process of forming and updating the technology base, criteria of applicability and their boundary conditions is considered. Graphic materials illustrate the prototype of this system. The developed methodology will speed up the process of introducing new production technologies, which in turn will lead to a positive economic effect – a decrease in the total cost of ownership of equipment for oil production at the Exploration and Production Block.

MEMS Packaging with 3D-MID Technology

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 (1) ◽  
pp. 000484-000490
Author(s):  
Nouhad Bachnak
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Electronic Circuit ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Industrial Technology ◽  
Mems Packaging ◽  
Optical Circuits ◽  
Molded Interconnect Devices ◽  
Function Density

3D-MID (three dimensional molded interconnect devices) technology (which is already broadly used for 3D-MID mobile phone antennas) is also used for MEMS packaging and sensors applications. 3D-MID allows miniaturization by the integration of mechanical and electronic functions in one part. The 3D electronic circuit is integrated into a 3D plastic casing or carrier, making it possible to achieve much more compact construction and much greater function density. More and more applications involving electrical and electro-optical circuits are made using 3D-MID technology. Typical 3D-MID applications are: Sensor packaging, LED packaging, security casings, RFIDs and Antennas. The main areas of application are in the automotive, medical, industrial technology and telecommunications sectors.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document