scholarly journals Irrigation Methods and Equipment for Production of Citrus in Florida

1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalton S. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Type Systems ◽  
Supplemental Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Method ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Florida Citrus ◽  
Head Type

Florida citrus growers have perhaps the most challenging times ahead for decisions as to which supplemental irrigation method they should use. It is estimated that some 500,000 acres of approximately 875,000 acres of Florida citrus are now subject to irrigation by various methods. Of this total, 160,000 acres are under permanent overhead systems; 150,000 are under seepage or flood; 175,000 under portable pipe and guns; and 16,000 plus under drip. There are other reports that have drip up to 20,000 acres; however, the acreage of drip reported here does not include under-tree low volume spray-head type systems (some 4,000 acres), erroneously referred to as drip systems. Paper published with permission.

Identification and Management of Clustered Pellitory (Parietaria praetermissa) in Citrus Groves

EDIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (5) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Ramdas Kanissery ◽  
Biwek Gairhe ◽  
Brent Sellers ◽  
Steve Futch
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Spray Pattern ◽  
Citrus Groves ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Florida Citrus ◽  
Heavy Infestation

In Florida, clustered pellitory is becoming a troublesome weed for citrus, especially from the winter through early summer. Inadequate management of this weed can result in its heavy infestation in tree rows and can interrupt the spray pattern of low-volume drip irrigation systems. This new 3-page publication of the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department will assist Florida citrus growers with proper identification of clustered pellitory and with adoption of adequate and timely strategies to manage this weed in their groves. Written by Ramdas Kanissery, Biwek Gairhe, Brent Sellers, and Steve Futch. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1341

scholarly journals Management of Microsprinkler Systems for Florida Citrus

EDIS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2004 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence R. Parsons ◽  
Kelly T. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Mature Trees ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Citrus Production ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Florida Citrus

Irrigation is an essential part of the Florida citrus production system. In one study, irrigation increased yield by 39 to 64% over the non-irrigated controls. Microsprinkler irrigation systems have become the standard for Florida citrus. Microsprinkler and drip systems have been collectively referred to as trickle, low volume irrigation, or microirrigation systems. Compared to overhead sprinklers, low volume systems can save water if they are properly managed. Because these systems usually operate at lower pressures than conventional overhead systems, there can also be appreciable savings from reduced energy costs. In addition, microsprinkler irrigation can provide partial frost protection for both young and mature trees. This document is HS-958, one of a series of the Horticultural Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Date printed: October 2004.  HS958/HS204: Management of Microsprinkler Systems for Florida Citrus (ufl.edu)

scholarly journals Chunk by Chunk Irrigation of Farm Field -Through Wireless Sensing Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 2101-2104
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Humidity Sensors ◽  
Irrigation Method ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Pumping System ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Automated Methods

Farming act as a heart to Indian economy and is a work of farmers. Farmers pursue certain set of stages to farm a field and irrigation is essential stage among all stages. Farmers are using so many irrigation methods to farm a field and the Irrigation methods must be in such way that, it have to boost plant development while minimizing salt inequities, leaf injuries, soil erosion, and water loss. To get good results in irrigation we should use good irrigation system. Now a days, farmers are using so many irrigation systems to pump water on the farm like traditional, modern and automated methods. Even though farmers facing problems like current shocks, standing long time and monitoring each and everything to pump water on the entire farm. In this paper modernistic sensor-based water pumping system is proposed to made irrigation easy to the farmers by chunk by chunk irrigation and each chunk is supervised with the help of soil moisture, temperate and humidity sensors. One more criteria, farmer need to concentrate while selecting an irrigation method is power supply, especially in Andhra Pradesh there is a regular power cuts in the nights.so that farmers can’t go every time to monitor how the irrigation is in the nights. Because in the nights snack and poisonous insects will be there in farm field, so it will be dangerous to the farmer’s life.so, by using proposed irrigation method irrigation will be easy in regular power cut areas, sloppy area and irrigation at night time.one more benefit from this proposed method is man power will decrease.

scholarly journals Effect of saline irrigation method on the growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Adlian Adlian ◽  
Budiastuti Kurniasih ◽  
Didik Indradewa
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Saturated Soil ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Field Station ◽  
Irrigation Method ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Rice Growth ◽  
Intermittent Irrigation

A field experiment was carried out to study rice growth under salinity stress in permanently flooded, intermittent, and saturated soil conditions. The experiment was conducted at field station of Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada located in Bantengan village, Banguntapan, Bantul, DIY, from August to November 2015. The treatments were arranged in a split-plot randomized complete block design, consisting of three irrigation methods as the main plot and two levels of salinity as the subplot, thereby resulting in six treatment combinations with three replications within each combination treatment. The three irrigation methods were permanent irrigation (flooded soil), intermittent irrigation (wet/dry soil), and irrigation above field capacity (saturated soil). The two levels of salinity were fresh water as control treatment (EC  0.3 dS.m-1) and saline water (EC  5 dS.m-1). The results of the experiment showed that there was no significant interaction effect of irrigation method and salinity on all observed rice growth variables. Salt stress negatively affected the rice growth, including plant height, plant dry weight, leaf area, and leaf area ratio (LAR). Irrigation method significantly affected plant dry weight and number of tillers at 3 and 9 weeks after planting. Permanent irrigation resulted in the highest plant growth compared to intermittent irrigation and above field capacity condition.

scholarly journals Performance of Trickle Irrigation System on Growth and Yield of Garlic in Case Rabi and Kharif Seasons, Wonkakebele, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Dessie Gieta Amare
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Method ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Neck Thickness ◽  
Polar Diameter

Trickle irrigation is one and only of the water saving, progressive and advanced irrigation methods over gravity irrigation. In the point view of this, the research was lead to study the efficiency of Trickle irrigation over gravity irrigation in growth and yield of garlic in case Rabi & Kharif periods, wonka kebele, Ethiopia. The results indicated that trickle irrigation was well achieved greater over gravity irrigation method in terms of greater crop morphology, yield and quality of bulb. Trickle irrigation method documented maximum crop height (67.77 cm & 62.85), amount of leaves (10.25 & 8.00) and neck thickness (1.63 cm & 1.40 cm) in both Rabi and Kharif periods. The bulb equatorial and polar diameter, higher gross product in addition to marketable product achieved in trickle irrigation method. In trickle irrigation method, the gross product and marketable product improved by 12.54% and 22.63%, respectively in Rabi periods over gravity irrigation method and better water use productivity & as well saved 29.40% & 29.20% water for the period of Rabi & Kharif periods, respectively.

scholarly journals Water Use and Fertilizer Response of Azalea Using Several No-leach Irrigation Methods

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Million ◽  
Tom Yeager ◽  
Claudia Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Upward Movement ◽  
Fertilizer Response ◽  
Irrigation Method ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
N Rates

Although research has shown that plants grown with subirrigation systems such as ebb-and-flow and capillary mat require less water and fertilizer inputs than traditional overhead irrigation methods, similar information for capillary wick irrigation has not been available. We compared the growth and water use response of azalea (Rhododendron sp. ‘George Tabor’) grown in 6.5-inch-diameter “azalea” containers with three irrigation methods [overhead (OVR), subirrigation (SUB), and capillary wick (WCK)] and four fertilizer nitrogen (N) rates 0.5 to 2.0 lb/yard3 supplied by an incorporated, resin-coated, controlled-release fertilizer (Nutricote 17N–3.1P–6.7K, 180 d at 77 °F). OVR volume was adjusted to deliver 100% of evapotranspiration (ET) loss. For all irrigation treatments, the lowest N rate resulting in maximum plant growth was 1.0 lb/yard3, which was less than the label recommendation of 1.5 lb/yard3. At the N-limiting N rate of 0.5 lb/yard3, irrigation method had no effect (P < 0.05) on azalea growth. At N rates higher than 1.0 lb/yard3, decreased growth was observed for OVR compared with SUB and WCK. This negative effect on plant growth was attributed to salt injury as indicated by excessive pour-through electrical conductivity (EC) levels in OVR containers. At the end of the experiment, substrate EC was highest in the uppermost layer of SUB and WCK containers, reflecting the upward movement of water associated with these two irrigation methods. Water use efficiency, which ranged from 1.9 to 2.8 g shoot dry weight per liter of water lost through ET, was unaffected (P < 0.05) by irrigation method at the N rate of 1.0 lb/yard3. We concluded that the growth response of azalea to fertilizer N rate was similar for WCK and SUB despite periodic pour-through EC tests indicating higher substrate nutrient levels with WCK.

scholarly journals Effects of irrigation scheduling and different irrigation methods on onion and water productivity in Tigray, northern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebremedhin Gebremeskel Haile ◽  
T.G. Gebremicael ◽  
Mulubrehan Kifle ◽  
Teferi Gebremedhin
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Fixed Interval ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Irrigation Method ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Basin Irrigation

AbstractEfficient irrigation water use can meet its objective if irrigated agriculture is managed properly in regions where water is limited. A two-year (2016-2017) field experiments were conducted in the semiarid areas of Tigray in northern Ethiopia to evaluate irrigation scheduling with different irrigation methods. The experiments were carried out to identify their contribution for enhancing onion and water productivity in water-stressed irrigation schemes of Korir and Hatset sites. Six factorial treatments comprising of three levels of irrigation methods (furrow, basin and flood) and two levels of irrigation scheduling (fixed interval and farmer’s practices) were evaluated with three replications. The agronomic and irrigation parameters were subjected to separate level-wise comparison followed by the factorial interaction effects. The results showed that the fixed irrigation interval, basin irrigation method and their factorial combinations showed better performances and produced a higher yield and water productivity. On average, 263.85 q/ha and 281 q/ha of onion were obtained under the basin irrigation method and basin irrigation with fixed irrigation interval (T2) at both sites and seasons. For the T2, 6.27 and 6.06 kg/m3 of water productivity (WP) and 4.39 and 4.24 kg/m3 of irrigation water productivity (IWP) were obtained at Korir and Hatset sites, respectively showing higher results as compared to other treatment combinations. Moreover, the basin irrigation method produces higher marketable onion bulbs that are essential for onion producers to earn maximum profit from selling and enhance their livelihoods. Treatments comprising basin method and fixed interval showed better onion and water productivity in the water-limited irrigation schemes of Tigray. Hence, focusing on enhanced irrigation scheduling techniques and irrigation methods are important for effective agricultural water management. Farmers, irrigation experts, water resources managers and decision-makers are suggested to use these techniques to save the limited water resources and increase agricultural productivity.

scholarly journals Response of Two Potato Varieties to Irrigation Methods in the Dry Mediterranean Area

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Mubarak ◽  
Mussaddak Janat ◽  
Mohsen Makhlouf
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Irrigation Method ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Sprinkle Irrigation

Abstract Due to water scarcity and dry Mediterranean conditions, improving water use efficiency is a major challenge for sustainable crop production and environment protection. Field experiments were conducted for two consecutive years (2010 and 2011) to assess the effects of variety and irrigation method on potato crop, following a 2 × 4 factorial experiment type arranged in a split plot design with two spring potato varieties (Spunta and Marfona), and four irrigation methods (drip irrigation with two modes of dripper spacing/dripper flow: 30 cm at 4 l/h and 60 cm at 8 l/h, sprinkle irrigation, and furrow irrigation), with three replicates. Potato was irrigated when soil moisture in the active root depth was within the range of 75-80% of field capacity as determined by the neutron probe technique. Results did not show any differences between both varieties. Moreover, no differences in marketable yield, total dry matter, and harvest index were found between irrigation methods. However, results showed that sprinkle irrigation significantly enhanced nitrogen use efficiency. Furthermore, both water productivity and irrigation water use efficiency were significantly increased under drip irrigation compared with the other irrigation methods. They were about twice those under furrow irrigation, indicating that the employment of drip irrigation method can effectively address water shortage and sustainable potato production, in the dry Mediterranean region.

Influence of irrigation method on water use and production of perennial pastures in northern Victoria

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 1605 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Wood ◽  
L. Finger
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Irrigation Method ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Subsurface Drip

The irrigation of pasture for the dairy industry accounts for a large proportion of Australia’s total irrigation water use, particularly in the Murray–Darling Basin. Most pasture is irrigated using the border-check method. The dairy industry is under increasing pressure to use water more efficiently in response to water market reforms and restrictions on future irrigation water availability, creating interest in the potential of alternative irrigation methods. A field experiment was conducted at Tatura, Victoria, Australia between July 2000 and July 2002 to quantify the differences in water use, perennial pasture production and pasture composition under border-check, surge, sprinkler and subsurface drip irrigation. The experiment aimed to assess each irrigation method as it would perform under farm best management practices. Measurements included applied water, tailwater runoff, soil water status, dry matter production and botanical composition. This experiment found that sprinkler and subsurface drip irrigation used on average 2 ML/ha.year (17–23%) less water than border-check irrigation while maintaining or increasing pasture production, consequently having a significantly higher water use efficiency. Surface runoff was significantly reduced under sprinkler and subsurface drip irrigation. Surge irrigation had no advantages over border-check. Although some differences in pasture composition were observed between irrigation treatments, the trends were inconsistent from one season to the next. The high water use by gravity fed irrigation methods is attributed to a combination of higher evaporation and groundwater accessions.

scholarly journals Establishment and Yield of Asparagus as Influenced by Planting and Irrigation Method

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.B. Sterrett ◽  
B.B. Ross ◽  
C.P. Savage
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Plant Survival ◽  
Irrigation Method ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Loam Soil

New Jersey `Syn 4' asparagus (Asparagus officinalis, L.) was grown on a sandy loam soil to compare plant survival and yield of asparagus grown from crowns and transplants under four irrigation treatments: sprinkler (SPR), surface trickle (ST), subsurface trickle (SST), and no irrigation (NI). While plant survival of crowns was not appreciably influenced by any irrigation treatment, survival of transplants was significantly increased by SST. Total and marketable yields from crowns and transplants were similar in the first harvest season (year 3). However, in years 4 and 5, the yield of crowns was higher than that of transplants. Subsurface trickle increased yield from transplants in years 4 and 5 and increased yield from crowns in year 5. All irrigation methods significantly increased both spear production (spear/ha) and average spear weight. Subsurface trickle irrigation resulted in the largest increase over NI in total yield and spear production.

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