Effects of Thickness and Winding Angle of Reinforcement Laminates on Burst Pressure Capacity of Thermoplastic Composite Pipes

2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Xia ◽  
C. Shi ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
X. Bao ◽  
H. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Thermoplastic Composite ◽  
Burst Pressure ◽  
Mechanical Behaviors ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Internal Pressures ◽  
Composite Pipes ◽  
Winding Angle ◽  
Validation Experiments

Abstract The cross section of thermoplastic composite pipes (TCPs) consists of three layers: an inner liner, reinforcement laminates, and an outer jacket; the three layers are fully bonded together to form a solid-walled structure. In this study, the mechanical behaviors of TCPs under internal pressures were investigated using analytical and finite element analysis (FEA) methods. The analytical method that is based on the three-dimensional (3D) anisotropy elastic theory takes into account the nonuniform distribution of stresses and strains through the wall thickness of the pipe. FEA models were setup using the software abaqus to predict the stress distribution of a TCP. The 3D Tsai-Wu failure criterion was used to predict the maximum burst pressure of TCPs. Effects of winding angles and the number of reinforcement plies on the burst pressure of TCPs were studied. Results derived from the analytical method and the FEA method verified each other, which show that the burst pressure of a TCP increases asymptotically as the number of reinforcement plies increases. The optimal winding angle associated with the maximum burst pressure is not a constant value, instead, it varies as the thickness of the laminate layer increases. This study provides useful tools and guidance for the design and analysis of TCPs, while further validation experiments are still needed.

Effects of Thickness and Winding Angle of the Laminate on Internal Pressure Capacity of Thermoplastic Composite Pipes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Xia ◽  
C. Shi ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
X. Bao ◽  
H. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Solid Wall ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Thermoplastic Composite ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Composite Pipes ◽  
Winding Angle

Abstract Thermoplastic composite pipes (TCPs) are increasingly used to transport hydrocarbons and water in the oil and gas industry due to their superior properties including corrosion resistance, thermal insulation, light weight, etc. The cross-section of TCPs generally consists of three layers: inner liner, composite laminate, and outer jacket. Three layers are bonded together and form a solid-wall construction. Inner liner and outer jacket made of thermoplastic polymer provide protective barriers for the laminate to against the inner fluid and outer environment. The laminate is constructed by an even number of helically wounded continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite tapes. In this study, mechanical behaviors of a TCP under an internal pressure were investigated by using analytical and finite element analysis (FEA) methods. The analytical method which is based on the three-dimensional (3D) anisotropy elastic theory can take account of non-uniformly distributed stress and strain through the thickness of the pipe wall. FEA models were setup by using the software ABAQUS to predict the stress distribution of the pipe. 3D Tsai-Wu failure criterion was used to predict the maximum internal pressure of the pipe. Effects of some critical parameters, such as the winding angle of composite tapes and the number of reinforced plies, on the internal pressure capacity of TCPs were studied. Results obtained from the analytical and FEA methods were fairly agreed with each other, which showed that with the increasing of the number of reinforced plies the internal pressure capacity of a TCP gradually increases and approaches to an extreme value. In addition, the optimal winding angle which results the maximum internal pressure is not a constant value, instead, it varies with the increasing thickness of the laminate layer. This study provides useful tools and guidance for the design and analysis of TCPs, and is currently under validation through experiments.

Effects of Thickness and Winding Angle of the Laminate on Internal Pressure Capacity of Thermoplastic Composite Pipes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heping Xia ◽  
Chen Shi ◽  
Jialu Wang ◽  
Xingxian Bao ◽  
Hongwei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Thermoplastic Composite ◽  
Composite Pipes ◽  
Winding Angle

Determination of Burst Pressure and Location of the DOT-39 Refrigerant Cylinders

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Kisioglu ◽  
J. R. Brevick ◽  
G. L. Kinzel
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Weld Zone ◽  
Burst Pressure ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Modeling Process ◽  
Fea Modeling ◽  
Blank Sheet ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Thickness Variations ◽  
Internal Pressures

The burst pressure of DOT-39 refrigerant cylinders is determined using both experiment and finite element analysis (FEA) approaches. The experimental burst test investigations were carried out by hydrostatic test in which the cylinders were internally pressurized with water. In the case of the FEA modeling process, these refrigerant cylinders were subjected to incremental internal pressures from zero pressure to burst pressure. Two different types of nonlinear models, uniform and nonuniform, have been developed and evaluated. These models are utilized are nonhomogeneous material conditions and analyzed in the nonlinear field. For the analysis, the required actual drawn shell properties, including weld zone properties and drawn shell thickness variations, are investigated. These properties, in addition to the blank sheet (SAE-1008) material properties, are used in the computer models. The results of the burst pressures and their locations are predicted and compared to experimental results.

A SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS FOR BREAST DISPLACEMENT BY VARYING MATERIAL PROPERTIES

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550018
Author(s):  
ATEFEH AGHAJANI ◽  
MAHAN RAHIMI ◽  
MOHAMMAD HAGHPANAHI
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Mechanical Behaviors ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Linear Elastic ◽  
Nonlinear Mechanical

In the quasi-static ultrasound breast elastography, the simulated displacement greatly influence the results. The breast modeling requires certain mechanical parameters for generating the simulated displacements. However, there are wide ranges of data in the existing literature for the breast mechanical parameters. Therefore, the sensitivity analysis of displacement to the changes of mechanical parameters worths a particular attention. In this paper we construct a three-dimensional (3D) breast model using magnetic resonance images. The constitutive equations corresponding to both linear elastic and hyperelastic (nonlinear) mechanical behaviors are considered. Then, two series of finite element analysis are performed in order to investigate how the changes of mechanical parameters of the fat and fibroglandular tissues may influence the displacement. The obtained results demonstrate that the displacement are generally less sensitive in the hyperelastic modeling (to the changes of material properties) than they are in the linear elastic modeling. Furthermore, the breast deformation is more influenced by the changes of material properties of fat part than the fibroglandular part.

scholarly journals A Study on a Slotless Brushless DC Motor with Toroidal Winding

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1881
Author(s):  
Ho-Young Lee ◽  
Seung-Young Yoon ◽  
Soon-O Kwon ◽  
Jin-Yeong Shin ◽  
Soo-Hwan Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flux Density ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Brushless Dc ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Winding Angle ◽  
Winding Factor ◽  
Motor Structure

In this study we developed a brushless DC (BLDC) slotless motor with toroidal winding. The proposed toroidal winding is a method of winding a coil around a ring-type stator yoke in the circumferential direction. As there is no need for a slot or tooth structure, it can be designed with a slotless motor structure that is advantageous for vibration and noise. The basic principle of operation and motor characteristics of a slotless motor with toroidal winding were explained using an analytical method and finite element analysis (FEA). Further, the air gap flux density, winding factor, and back electromotive force (EMF) for changes in the winding angle and number of coil turns were calculated using the analytical method and compared with the FEA results. Finally, the resistance, back EMF, cogging torque, and performance of the prototype were measured and compared with the FEA results. The results show that the air gap flux density and winding factor were approximately the same with an error of <2%, while the back EMF had an error of ~10% from the analysis result. Thus, the proposed slotless motor provides a basic design for conveniently manufacturing brushless DC (BLDC) slotless motors with toroidal windings.

scholarly journals A semi-analytical method to evaluate the J-R curve for the surface-cracked round bar under three-point bending

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangwei He ◽  
Lixun CAI ◽  
Chen Bao ◽  
Xudong Qian
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Crack Front ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Round Bar ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Load Displacement ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Analytical Expressions

The current paper presents a semi-analytical method for obtaining J-R curves of round bars with elliptical cracks. This method derives the semi-analytical expressions between load and displacement, J-integral and displacement for surface-cracked round bars, based on the energy density equivalence principle, taking into account the effect of material and crack size. The validity of semi-analytical expressions examined by three-dimensional finite element analysis shows that load~displacement curves and J-integral~load curves predicted by the expressions match well with the simulation results. Through fracture toughness testing conducted on the carbon steel 45, the load~displacement data are used to calculate the average J-R curves for the surface-cracked round bar by the semi-analytical expressions. With the distributions of J-integral along the crack front obtained from three-dimensional finite element analyses, this study also determines the J-R curves at different crack-front points.

Multiscale Sheet Metal Hydroforming and Burst Pressure Estimates

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Emblom ◽  
Ayotunde Olayinka ◽  
Scott W. Wagner ◽  
Thomas C. Pesacreta ◽  
Muhammad A. Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Burst Pressure ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Approximate Methods ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Micro- and multiscale material properties must be considered when manufacturing miniature devices, especially when considering utilizing multiscale sheet metal hydroforming processes. One of the critical considerations during the design process is the burst pressure for the sheet metal which is a limiting factor for potential hydroforming operations. In order to simplify determining tearing or rupture conditions, it is sometimes desired to use analytical methods for estimating material properties, including burst pressures, which occur shortly after material instability. Many researchers have developed approximate methods for predicting deformation during open die hydroforming based upon analytical approaches for biaxial conditions for circular and elliptical dies. Additionally, extracting material properties of sheet metal under biaxial conditions such as bulge hydroforming more closely matches forming conditions that the sheet metal will undergo for actual parts. The objective of the current research was to evaluate the analytically developed models’ ability to predict burst conditions and compare those burst results to those obtained from finite element models and experimentation. Stainless steel (annealed 0.2-mm thick AISI 304) was hydroformed in a circular open die with diameter of 11mm. Elliptical dies were also evaluated that had minor diameters of 11mm and aspect ratios down to 0.5. It was found that using the analytical method developed specifically for circular dies was a good predictor for the burst pressure while the more general analytical method for elliptical dies did not agree with either results from finite element analysis or experimental results.

Analysis of Polyester Reinforced Flexible Composite Pipe Under Internal Pressure

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyu Sun ◽  
Yong Bai ◽  
Xiaojie Zhang ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Jiannan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Polyester Fiber ◽  
Burst Pressure ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Composite Pipe ◽  
Composite Pipes

Abstract In recent years, petroleum and natural gas industry technology continues to develop, so the market demand for polyester fiber reinforced flexible composite pipe is increasing. Polyester reinforced flexible composite pipe is widely used in practical production, which is based on thermoplastic material and winded by polyester fiber. Based on the anisotropic uniformity of polyester reinforced flexible composite pipes, this paper focuses on the mechanical behavior of flexible composite pipes under internal pressure. By using numerical analysis method, the stress-strain change and burst pressure model of polyester reinforced pipe under internal pressure are established. The short-term burst pressure test is carried out to obtain the burst pressure of the reinforced pipe. The finite element analysis software ABAQUS is used to establish finite element model for simulation analysis. According to the generated test data, the correctness of the finite element analysis results is verified. The sensitivity of winding angle and diameter-thickness ratio to the pressure was studied to further understand the mechanical properties of polyester reinforced composite pipe.

Probabilistic Burst Strength Evaluation of a Filament Wound Composite Pressure Vessel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Yetgin ◽  
Emre Özaslan ◽  
Bülent Acar
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Burst Pressure ◽  
Pressure Loading ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Filament Wound ◽  
Winding Angle

Abstract Nowadays composite materials are used in many different applications, such as aerospace, automotive, sport, energy due to their superior material properties in terms of high strength to weight ratio, high corrosion resistance, and great damage tolerance. One important component produced from these composite materials is pressure vessels that are generally exposed to internal pressure loading. Mechanical performance of the pressure vessel directly depends on various parameters such as material properties or winding angle etc. However, it is well known that the material properties of composites are generally dispersed. The main concern of this study is to investigate the mechanical performance of a filament wound pressure vessel in terms of first ply failure (FPF) and burst pressure under internal pressure loading taking into account uncertainty of material properties and winding angles for different layers. The distributions for each material property were found by material characterization tests and goodness-of-fit test. The winding angle was selected as a random variable. Different statistical distribution types were compared to show the effect of distribution type. Monte Carlo Simulation (MC) was performed to predict the distribution function of the mechanical response. Finite element analysis was performed to obtain stress distribution of the pressure vessel. Both stochastic FPF and burst pressure predictions were verified by test results. Also, the finite element analysis was verified by strain gauge measurements that were located on the different regions of pressure vessel. The study was performed for two different ambient temperature to show the effect of different temperatures on the material properties for composite materials. Effects of each selected parameters on the FPF and burst pressure were discussed. Probabilistic analysis showed the importance of considering the uncertainty of material properties and the winding angle to predict the mechanical performance of composite pressure vessels.

A New 3D Analytical Method for Calculating the Longitudinal Stress-Strain of Bones, as ‘N’ Different Asymmetrical Linear Elastic Materials, Loaded Together Eccentrically

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Arafati
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Hip Prosthesis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Elastic Materials ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Linear Elastic ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis

Abstract We describe a three-dimensional analytical method to evaluate the stress-strain of « n » different asymmetrical linear elastic materials, loaded together by eccentric forces and moments. If one assumes that each bone is composed of a number of different linear elastic materials, this method could be used to determine the stress-strain values of any bone. Mesh generation is unnecessary with this method, the only requirement being to determine the contours of each material. We used this method to analyze the longitudinal stresses imposed on the femur, after implantation of cemented hip prosthesis. The results were compared with those of finite element analysis without any contact elements. Considerable differences were found, particularly for exterior prosthesis contours. When the same error was entered into a cylindrical analytical model, the similar errors were found, indicating that not using contact elements may result in unacceptable errors with the finite element analysis method.

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