Simplified Predictive Model for Downhole Pressure Surges During Tripping Operations Using Power Law Drilling Fluids

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shwetank Krishna ◽  
Syahrir Ridha ◽  
Pandian Vasant ◽  
Suhaib Umer Ilyas ◽  
Titus Ntow Ofei
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Surge/swab pressure is a crucial parameter that provokes well-control problems such as fluid loss, fractured formations, fluid influx, and kick. Thus, a precise estimation of differential pressure is required to evade any unforeseen drilling difficulties. The existing predictive models are based on narrow-slot approximation methods and consider the effect of drilling string axial movement on downhole pressure surges. However, it ignores the impact on the boundaries of the annular fluid velocity zone by the tripping velocity. In this research, a simplified model is developed using the flow velocity profile generated in the annulus by the tripping operation and the concentric annular Couette fluid flow phenomena for power-law fluid. A comparative study is performed with the existing analytical models and the experimental data to validate the developed model. The obtained results are convincingly in good agreement with the analytical and experimental data. A parametric study is performed to identify the effect of various parameters on surge/swab pressure. It is found that the diameter ratio has a significant impact on pressure differential with the increase in the tripping velocity. The fluid behavior index exhibits a considerable effect, and fluid consistency index shows a minor effect on the surge pressure gradient. The simplified developed model requires less numerical analysis to determine the outcomes for varying industrial applications, especially petroleum drilling operations.

scholarly journals Effect of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on the Properties of Water-Based Drilling Fluids

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6718
Author(s):  
Muhammad Awais Ashfaq Alvi ◽  
Mesfin Belayneh ◽  
Sulalit Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Mona Wetrhus Minde
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Filtrate Loss ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, several studies have indicated the impact of nanoparticles (NPs) on various properties (such as viscosity and fluid loss) of conventional drilling fluids. Our previous study with commercial iron oxide NPs indicated the potential of using NPs to improve the properties of a laboratory bentonite-based drilling fluid without barite. In the present work, iron oxide NPs have been synthesized using the co-precipitation method. The effect of these hydrophilic NPs has been evaluated in bentonite and KCl-based drilling fluids. Rheological properties at different temperatures, viscoelastic properties, lubricity, and filtrate loss were measured to study the effect of NPs on the base fluid. Also, elemental analysis of the filtrate and microscale analysis of the filter cake was performed. Results for bentonite-based fluid showed that 0.019 wt% (0.1 g) of NPs reduced the coefficient of friction by 47%, and 0.0095 wt% (0.05 g) of NPs reduced the fluid loss by 20%. Moreover, for KCl-based fluids, 0.019 wt% (0.1 g) of additive reduced the coefficient of friction by 45%, while higher concentration of 0.038 wt% (0.2 g) of NPs shows 14% reduction in the filtrate loss. Microscale analysis shows that presence of NPs in the cake structure produces a more compact and less porous structure. This study indicates that very small concentration of NPs can provide better performance for the drilling fluids. Additionally, results from this work indicate the ability of NPs to fine-tune the properties of drilling fluids.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL MODELING OF TSUNAMI BORE IMPINGEMENT ON A SIMPLIFIED COASTAL BUILDING

2018 ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Wei-Liang Chuang ◽  
Kuang-An Chang ◽  
James Kaihatu ◽  
Rodrigo Cienfuegos ◽  
Cyril Mokrani
Keyword(s):  
Tsunami Wave ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Wave Structure ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Comprehensive Investigation ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
Sloping Beach ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Wave Structure Interaction

Numerous laboratory efforts were devoted to improve our understanding to the process of tsunami wave-structure interaction and provide valuable data to validate numerical and analytical models. However, the highly turbulent and multiphase nature of tsunami bores makes the study of their impacts very challenging. Many experimental studies (e.g., Shafiei et al. 2016) employed wave gauges to measure the bore height and estimate the bore front velocity based on shallow water equations. Considering the complexity of the flow and its impact with structures, the conversion between the bore height and the bore velocity is far from straightforward. Therefore, this study attempts to apply the bubble image velocimetry (BIV, Ryu et al. 2005) technique to directly measure the flow velocities during the tsunami bore impact. A tsunami wave, that breaks on a sloping beach, propagates inland as a form of bore, and impinges on a rigid structure, is considered as the scenario of interest. The objective is to perform a comprehensive investigation on the borestructure interaction by examining the fluid velocity, impact pressure, and surge force during the impact event with various structure headings.

scholarly journals Effect of drill pipe orbital motion on non-Newtonian fluid flow in an eccentric wellbore: a study with computational fluid dynamics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hicham Ferroudji ◽  
Ahmed Hadjadj ◽  
Titus Ntow Ofei ◽  
Rahul Narayanrao Gajbhiye ◽  
Mohammad Azizur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Orbital Motion ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Drill Pipe ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Diameter Ratio ◽  
Correct Prediction ◽  
Eccentric Annulus ◽  
The Impact

AbstractTo ensure an effective drilling operation of an explored well, the associated hydraulics program should be established carefully based on the correct prediction of a drilling fluid’s pressure drop and velocity field. For that, the impact of the drill string orbital motion should be considered by drilling engineers since it has an important influence on the flow of drilling fluid and cuttings transport process. In the present investigation, the finite volume method coupled with the sliding mesh approach is used to analyze the influence of the inner cylinder orbital motion on the flow of a power-law fluid (Ostwald-de Waele) in an annular geometry. The findings indicate that the orbital motion positively affects the homogeneity of the power-law axial velocity through the entire eccentric annulus; however, this impact diminishes as the diameter ratio increases. In addition, higher torque is induced when the orbital motion occurs, especially for high values of eccentricity and diameter ratio; nonetheless, a slight decrease in torque is recorded when the fluid velocity increases.

Evaluation of Hydraulic Fracturing Models and Their Limitations to Predict No-Drill Zones for Horizontal Directional Drilling

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Delara ◽  
Kendra MacKay
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Safety Factor ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Directional Drilling ◽  
Horizontal Directional Drilling ◽  
The Impact

Horizontal directional drilling (HDD) has become the preferred method for trenchless pipeline installations. Drilling pressures must be limited and a “no-drill zone” determined to avoid exceeding the strength of surrounding soil and rock. The currently accepted industry method of calculating hydraulic fracturing limiting pressure with application of an arbitrary safety factor contains several assumptions that are often not applicable to specific ground conditions. There is also no standard procedure for safety factor determination, resulting in detrimental impacts on drilling operations. This paper provides an analysis of the standard methods and proposes two alternative analytical models to more accurately determine the hydraulic fracture point and acceptable drilling pressure. These alternative methods provide greater understanding of the interaction between the drilling pressures and the surrounding ground strength properties. This allows for more accurate determination of horizontal directional drilling limitations. A comparison is presented to determine the differences in characteristics and assumptions for each model. The impact of specific soil properties and factors is investigated by means of a sensitivity analysis to determine the most critical soil information for each model.

scholarly journals Smoothing additive manufactured parts using ns-pulsed laser radiation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Kuisat ◽  
Fernando Lasagni ◽  
Andrés Fabián Lasagni
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Pulsed Laser Radiation ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIt is well known that the surface topography of a part can affect its mechanical performance, which is typical in additive manufacturing. In this context, we report about the surface modification of additive manufactured components made of Titanium 64 (Ti64) and Scalmalloy®, using a pulsed laser, with the aim of reducing their surface roughness. In our experiments, a nanosecond-pulsed infrared laser source with variable pulse durations between 8 and 200 ns was applied. The impact of varying a large number of parameters on the surface quality of the smoothed areas was investigated. The results demonstrated a reduction of surface roughness Sa by more than 80% for Titanium 64 and by 65% for Scalmalloy® samples. This allows to extend the applicability of additive manufactured components beyond the current state of the art and break new ground for the application in various industrial applications such as in aerospace.

scholarly journals Oil and Flower Production in Rosa damascena trigintipetala Dieck under Salinity Stress in Taif Region, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4547
Author(s):  
Mohamed E. El-Sharnouby ◽  
Metwally M. Montaser ◽  
Sliai M. Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Rosa Damascena ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tolerance To Salinity

The flower industry depends on oil and fragrance, which is addressed in the current work. Different concentrations of NaCl (0, 250, 500, 1000, and 1500 ppm) were applied to Taif rose plants (Rosa damascena var. trigintipetala Dieck) to evaluate their effects on growth and essential oil content. Results clearly indicated the highest survival percentage (98.3%) was seen in untreated plants compared to plants under salinity stress. Moreover, increasing the NaCl levels induced an adverse effect on the growth parameters of Taif rose plants, while some essential oil contents were increased to the maximum degree of their tolerance to salinity stress. The extracted essential oils were analyzed using GC/MS. The essential oils of Taif rose plants treated with 500 ppm NaCl recorded the highest values of citronellol, geraniol and phenylethyl alcohol contents (16.56, 8.67 and 9.87%), respectively. NaCl at 250 ppm produced the highest values of heneicosane (13.12%), and then decreased to the lowest value (7.79%) with the increase of NaCl to 1500 NaCl, compared to the control and other NaCl levels. The current results could highlight the impact of salinity stress on Rosa damascena Miller var. trigintipetala Dieck for better economic and industrial applications.

scholarly journals The Impact of Fluid Loss and Carbohydrate Consumption during Exercise, on Young Cyclists’ Fatigue Perception in Relation to Training Load Level

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3282
Author(s):  
Leonardo Cesanelli ◽  
Berta Ylaitė ◽  
Giuseppe Messina ◽  
Daniele Zangla ◽  
Stefania Cataldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Load Level ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Carbohydrate Consumption ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Training Impulse ◽  
The Impact

High-level young athletes need to face a wide spectrum of stressors on their journey to élite categories. The aims of the present study are (i) to evaluate session rate of perceived exertion (sRPE) at different training impulse (TRIMP) categories and the correlations between these two variables and, (ii) evaluate the correlations between sRPE, fluid loss, and carbohydrate consumption during exercise. Data on Edward’s TRIMP, sRPE, body mass loss pre- and post- exercise (∆), and carbohydrate consumption (CHO/h) during exercise have been acquired from eight male junior cyclists during a competitive season. One-way ANOVA and correlation analysis with linear regression have been performed on acquired data. sRPE resulted in a significant difference in the three TRIMP categories (p < 0.001). sRPE resulted in being very largely positively associated with TRIMP values (p < 0.001; R = 0.71). ∆ as well as CHO/h was largely negatively related with sRPE in all TRIMP categories (p < 0.001). The results confirmed the role of fluid balance and carbohydrate consumption on the perception of fatigue and fatigue accumulation dynamics independently from the training load. Young athletes’ training load monitoring and nutritional-hydration support represent important aspects in athlete’s exercise-induced fatigue management.

scholarly journals Polyconvex hyperelastic modeling of rubberlike materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyprian Suchocki ◽  
Stanisław Jemioło
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Curve Fitting ◽  
Constitutive Relations ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Power Law Model ◽  
Stored Energy ◽  
Data Approximation ◽  
Exponential Power ◽  
Hyperelastic Models

AbstractIn this work a number of selected, isotropic, invariant-based hyperelastic models are analyzed. The considered constitutive relations of hyperelasticity include the model by Gent (G) and its extension, the so-called generalized Gent model (GG), the exponential-power law model (Exp-PL) and the power law model (PL). The material parameters of the models under study have been identified for eight different experimental data sets. As it has been demonstrated, the much celebrated Gent’s model does not always allow to obtain an acceptable quality of the experimental data approximation. Furthermore, it is observed that the best curve fitting quality is usually achieved when the experimentally derived conditions that were proposed by Rivlin and Saunders are fulfilled. However, it is shown that the conditions by Rivlin and Saunders are in a contradiction with the mathematical requirements of stored energy polyconvexity. A polyconvex stored energy function is assumed in order to ensure the existence of solutions to a properly defined boundary value problem and to avoid non-physical material response. It is found that in the case of the analyzed hyperelastic models the application of polyconvexity conditions leads to only a slight decrease in the curve fitting quality. When the energy polyconvexity is assumed, the best experimental data approximation is usually obtained for the PL model. Among the non-polyconvex hyperelastic models, the best curve fitting results are most frequently achieved for the GG model. However, it is shown that both the G and the GG models are problematic due to the presence of the locking effect.

Response and failure modes of biaxial warp-knitted flexible composite subject to low-velocity impact

2021 ◽  
pp. 152808372110154
Author(s):  
Ziyu Zhao ◽  
Tianming Liu ◽  
Pibo Ma
Keyword(s):  
Impact Energy ◽  
Linear Density ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Flexible Composites ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, biaxial warp-knitted fabrics were produced with different high tenacity polyester linear density and inserted yarns density. The low-velocity impact property of flexible composites made of polyurethane as matrix and biaxial warp-knitted fabric as reinforcement has been investigated. The effect of impactor shape and initial impact energy on the impact response of flexible composite is tested. The results show that the initial impact energy have minor effect on the impact response of the biaxial warp-knitted flexible composites. The impact resistance of flexible composite specimen increases with the increase of high tenacity polyester linear density and inserted yarns density. The damage morphology of flexible composite materials is completely different under different impactor shapes. The findings have theoretical and practical significance for the applications of biaxial warp-knitted flexible composite.

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