Synergistic Interactions During Cocombustion of Lignite, Biomass, and Their Chars

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Caliskan Sarikaya ◽  
H. Haykiri Acma ◽  
S. Yaman
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Poplar ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Ignition Point ◽  
Combustion Performance ◽  
Synergistic Interactions ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Combustion Reactivity ◽  
Burning Stability

Woody biomasses such as ash tree (AT), hybrid poplar (HP), and rhododendron (RD) were subjected to torrefaction and carbonization at temperatures of 200 °C and 400 °C. Likewise, several lignite samples were carbonized at 750 °C. Various binary fuel blends such as raw lignite/raw biomass, raw lignite/biochar, lignitic char/raw biomass, and lignitic char/biochar were prepared where the fraction of biomass or biochar was 10 wt% in the blends. The cocombustion characteristics of these blends were investigated through a thermal analysis method from the synergetic point of view considering the fuel properties and the combustion performance. Some parameters relevant to the combustion reactivity such as ignition point, maximum rate, peak temperature, and burnout temperature were commented to figure out whether synergistic interaction or additive behavior governs the combustion characteristics of the blends. Also, the combustion performance indices such as ignition index (Ci), burnout index (Cb), comprehensive combustibility index (S), and the burning stability index (DW) were estimated. It was concluded that the combinations of the additive behavior and the synergistic interactions governs the cocombustion process, and the kind of the fuels and their thermal history determine the reactivity and the interactions during cocombustion.

Effects of Pretreatment Outside of Torrefaction Range on Combustion Characteristics of Chars From Lignocellulosic Biomass

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Caliskan Sarikaya ◽  
H. Haykiri-Acma ◽  
S. Yaman
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Poplar ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Combustion Performance ◽  
Biomass Structure ◽  
Brown Coals ◽  
Combustion Reactivity ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Burning Stability

Lignocellulosic woody biomasses such as rhododendron (RD), ash tree (AT), and hybrid poplar (HP) were heated under N2 at 200 °C and 400 °C, which are regarded as outside the range of efficient torrefaction temperatures. Also, several Turkish brown coals were carbonized at 750 °C for comparison. The obtained biochars/chars were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermal analysis. Combustion reactivity of the raw samples and the chars was estimated using the burning profiles. Burning kinetics was established by the Borchardt and Daniels (B&D) kinetic analysis method that was based on the evaluation of the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data. Ignition index (Ci), burnout index (Cb), comprehensive combustibility index (S), and burning stability index (DW) were considered to evaluate the combustion performance. It was concluded that although treatment at 200 °C did not lead to considerable changes on the biomass structure, the combustion performance of the treated biomass became highly improved in comparison with the raw biomass. However, treatment at 400 °C led to serious variations in the biomass structure mainly due to reduction in O content and volatiles so that the fuel properties and the burning characteristics were affected, and the combustion performance was negatively influenced.

Burning Characteristics and the Fuel Properties of the Dry-Carbonization Chars of Sewage Sludge

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Haykiri-Acma ◽  
S. Yaman
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Thermal Analysis Method ◽  
Low Temperature Treatments ◽  
Burning Stability

Abstract As an alternative treatment to hydrothermal carbonization, sewage sludge (SS) was subjected to dry carbonization at temperatures of 200–700 °C to produce pyrochar. The fuel properties of the obtained chars were characterized, and their combustibility was checked by thermal analysis method. The combustibility of the chars was evaluated considering the criteria such as the ignition index (Ci), burnout index (Cb), comprehensive combustibility index (S), and the burning stability index (DW). Although even low temperature treatments such as 200 °C and 300 °C did not improve the calorific value, some improvements took place in the combustion characteristics upon treatment.

The Comparison Between Therapeutic Effects of Different Classes of Antidepressant Drugs in Treatment of Genetical and Reactional Depression

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
P. Molavi ◽  
M. Karimollahi ◽  
M. Faridi
Keyword(s):  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Block Type ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Response Type ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Analyze Data

Background:Depression as a common psychiatric disorder can occur in two types: Endogenous or genetic and exogenous or Reactional. These two types of depression, from the point of view of response speed to treatment and type of appropriate drug for treatment are different. This study has been executed to compare therapeutic effects of different classes of anti-depressant drugs in treatment of genetic and Reactional depression.Materials and methods:Present survey is a clinical-trial study, a completely randomly block type, that has performed on 30 patients (male and female). Selection of study sample accomplished randomly among unipolar depressed patients that has referred to Ardabil’s psychiatry clinic diagnosed based on DSM-IV criteria. Researcher - Made questionnaire, Beck, and Catelle depression test were used to collect data. To analyze data, for completely randomly blocked designs, two-factor variance analysis method and F test were used.Results:This study showed that Genetical depression does not response treatment Rapidly and its response type is not good and persistent. From the point of view of time, Reactional depression has a delaying response but its response type is good and persistent. In addition, no difference was observed in efficacy of different classes of drugs for treatment of these two types of depression. The results of this research showed that there is no difference between treatment response of two types of depression (Genetical and Reactional).Conclusions:There is no preference in efficacy of different classes of drugs in treatment of these two types of depression.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Precipitation in Yungui Plateau during 1961-2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 01021
Author(s):  
Wu Jianfeng ◽  
Yu Luqin ◽  
Cao Guangjie ◽  
Li Wei
Keyword(s):  
Linear Trend ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Daily Precipitation Data ◽  
Distribution Point ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Spatial Analysis Method

In this paper, the daily precipitation data of 19 meteorological stations in Guizhou Province from 1961 to 2015 are used. Using GIS spatial analysis method and linear trend analysis method, the distribution characteristics of annual and seasonal precipitation in Guizhou province were analyzed from space and time. The results show that: (1) From the perspective of spatial distribution, annual precipitation is generally less in the south and north and less in the east and west. The precipitation in winter and spring is east-west distribution and decreases from east to west in the four seasons. The precipitation in summer is roughly north-south and south-north less. The precipitation in autumn is mainly concentrated in southwest Guizhou and Chishui valley. (2) From the time distribution point of view, the precipitation in Guizhou Province showed a general downward trend, of which the precipitation in spring, autumn and winter showed a decreasing trend, the downward trend in autumn was more obvious, and the precipitation in summer increased but not obviously.

On the Notion of Collective Intelligence

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Epaminondas Kapetanios
Keyword(s):  
Collective Intelligence ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Web ◽  
Synergistic Interactions ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Computing Paradigm ◽  
The Social ◽  
Challenging Research ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Set Up

In this article, the author explores the notion of Collective Intelligence (CI) as an emerging computing paradigm. The article is meant to provide a historical and contextual view of CI through the lenses of as many related disciplines as possible (biology, sociology, natural and environmental sciences, physics) in conjunction with the computer science point of view. During this explorative journey, the article also aims at pinpointing the current strengths and weaknesses of CI-related computational and system engineering design and implementation methodologies of CI-based systems. A non-exhaustive list of case studies set up the stage for CI applications as well as challenging research questions. These can be particularly directed towards the Social Web, as a very prominent example of synergistic interactions of a group of people with diverse cultural and professional backgrounds and its potential to become a platform for the emergence of truly CI-based systems.

scholarly journals Pemberitaan Kasus PT PLN (Persero) di Media Siber dan Penerapan Kode Etik Jurnalistik (Analisis Framing Pemberitaan Blackout Listrik 4 Agustus 2019 di Okezone.Com)

Koneksi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 506
Author(s):  
Lavenia Lavenia ◽  
Lusia Savitri Setyo Utami
Keyword(s):  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
The Public ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

The power blackout on 4th August 2019 in Banten, Jakarta, West Java, few areas of Central Java caused lots of impacts to citizens. This case is directly related to the public interest, so that the majority of mass media including cyber media reported related information. The purpose of this study is to describe how Okezone.com constructs controversial facts or issues to frame a story into news and to discuss how to apply the Journalistic Code of Ethics (KEJ) in framing the news. The theory used is news as media content as well as online media and journalism. This research is approaching qualitative descriptive with Zhongdang Pan and Gerald M. Kosicki framing model analysis method, the author then examines the application of KEJ clause 1 to 4 in the framing data of the related news. The results showed that Okezone.com framed the coverage of the August 4th, 2019 power blackout using the principle of covering both sides. Okezone.com packed controversial issues related to the point of view that cornered and lended negative public opinion to PLN. Then, Okezone.com was still quite good in applying KEJ clause 1 to 4, because only the rules of clause 2 are indicated to be ignored in the reporting of electricity blackout on August 4th, 2019. Peristiwa blackout listrik pada 4 Agustus 2019 di daerah Banten, Jakarta, Jawa Barat, hingga sebagian Jawa Tengah, menimbulkan banyak dampak yang dirasakan oleh warga. Kasus ini berkaitan langsung dengan kepentingan publik, sehingga sebagian besar media massa termasuk media siber memberitakan informasi terkait. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana Okezone.com mengkonstruksikan fakta atau isu yang kontroversial untuk membingkai suatu peristiwa menjadi berita serta untuk menggambarkan bagaimana aplikasi Kode Etik Jurnalistik (KEJ) dalam pembingkaian beritanya. Teori yang digunakan adalah berita sebagai konten media serta media dan jurnalistik online. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode analisis framing model Zhongdang Pan dan Gerald M. Kosicki, lalu penulis mengkaji penerapan KEJ pasal 1 sampai dengan pasal 4 dalam data kerangka framing pemberitaan terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Okezone.com membingkai pemberitaan mengenai blackout listrik 4 Agustus 2019 dengan menerapkan prinsip cover both side. Okezone.com mengemas isu-isu kontroversial terkait dengan menonjolkan sudut pandang yang cenderung menyudutkan dan berpotensi menggiring opini publik negatif terhadap pihak PLN. Kemudian, Okezone.com masih cukup baik dalam menerapkan KEJ pasal 1 hingga pasal 4, karena hanya kaidah pasal 2 yang beberapa terindikasi diabaikan dalam pemberitaan blackout listrik 4 Agustus 2019.

Bibliometric Analysis of Public Relations Axis Postgraduate Theses Related to Social Media or New Media Concepts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hicran Özlem Ilgın ◽  
Miglena Kazashka
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
New Media ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Data Collection Technique

Public relations and social media are basically based on communication. Changing the order of communication along with the development of new technologies affected all fields of work as well as the field of public relations with the implementation of new practices and tools. Social media applications, which are included in public relations studies, have entered the research field of academic studies on this occasion. In this manner, the subject of this study has been carried out in Turkey and named "public relations" with the concept of "new media" or "social media" concept constitutes the graduate theses. The aim of this research in public relations axis graduate of surveys conducted in Turkey in social media and taking in conjunction with new media concepts to what extent to put forth that takes place in the general population and post is to establish a general map of this thesis. The bibliometric analysis method was used in this study. From this point of view, the year of the thesis, the title and thesis advisor, university and department, the research method, the data collection method of this research, the number of pages and keywords categories were created and the data of the theses were recorded. In the first stage of the analysis, 41 theses containing the words public relations and social media were reached, and 13 theses containing the words public relations and new media in the second stage. It was determined that 54 theses obtained as a result of these scans were carried out between the years 2006-2020. It has been determined that there are 11% of 577 graduate theses, which are in the general universe between these years and have the concept of public relations in their names. As a result of the analysis made, it was determined that the graduate theses with the words social media or new media in their names together with the words of public relations are highly postgraduate thesis. It has been revealed that these theses were published by 31% of Marmara University and 67% were studied in the Public Relations and Publicity Department. In addition, it was determined that the content analysis method was preferred as the data collection technique in these theses with a rate of 63%. In addition, 214 keywords were reached in theses, and it was recorded that ring relationships came in the top rank with 53 frequencies and 25% of these keywords.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document