Condensation in Radial Turbines—Part II: Application of the Mathematical Model to a Radial Turbine Series

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Schuster ◽  
Dieter Brillert ◽  
Friedrich-Karl Benra
Keyword(s):  
Waste Heat ◽  
Liquid Films ◽  
Condensation Process ◽  
Droplet Deposition ◽  
Impeller Blade ◽  
Radial Turbine ◽  
Condensing Flows ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Radial Turbines ◽  
Turbine Impeller

In the second part of this two part paper, the condensation process and the movement of the liquid phase near the impeller blades of a radial turbine are studied. The investigation methodology presented in part 1 is applied to a radial turbine type series used for waste heat recovery. First, the subcooling necessary for the beginning of the condensation process is examined and a relationship between the location of maximum subcooling and the onset of droplet deposition at the surfaces of the turbine impeller is determined. Thereafter, the movement of liquid films on the impeller blades is analysed and characterized. Correlations determining the movement of droplets originating from liquid film atomization on the edge of the impeller blade along the casing are derived. Finally, conclusions are drawn depicting the most important findings of condensing flows in radial turbines.

Condensation in Radial Turbines—Part I: Mathematical Modeling

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Schuster ◽  
Dieter Brillert ◽  
Friedrich-Karl Benra
Keyword(s):  
Waste Heat ◽  
Saturation Temperature ◽  
Steam Temperature ◽  
Radial Turbine ◽  
Liquid Film Flow ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Droplet Liquid ◽  
Radial Turbines ◽  
Turbine Impeller

In this two-part paper, the investigation of condensation in the impeller of radial turbines is discussed. In Paper I, a solution strategy for the investigation of condensation in radial turbines using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods is presented. In Paper II, the investigation methodology is applied to a radial turbine type series that is used for waste heat recovery. First, the basic CFD approach for the calculation of the gas-droplet-liquid-film flow is introduced. Thereafter, the equations connecting the subparts are explained and a validation of the models is performed. Finally, in Paper I, condensation phenomena for a selected radial turbine impeller are discussed on a qualitative basis. Paper II continues with a detailed quantitative analyses. The aim of Paper I is to explain the models that are necessary to study condensation in radial turbines and to validate the implementation against available experiments conducted on isolated effects. This study aims to develop a procedure that is applicable for investigation of condensation in radial turbines. Furthermore, the main processes occurring in a radial turbine once the steam temperature is below the saturation temperature are explained and analyzed.

scholarly journals The impact of the condensation process on the degree of cleaning of flue gases from acidic compounds

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 00031
Author(s):  
Piotr Szulc ◽  
Tomasz Tietze ◽  
Daniel Smykowski
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Condensation Process ◽  
Acidic Compounds ◽  
The Impact

The paper presents studies on the impact of the process of condensation of water vapour on the process of cleaning of flue gases from acidic compounds. The measurements were carried out on a pilot-scale plant for waste heat recovery from flue gases, taking into account the process of condensation of the water vapour contained in them. The plant was connected to a lignite-fired power unit with a capacity of 360 MW located at PGE GiEK S.A., Bełchatów Power Plant Branch. The impact of the condensation of water vapour on the reduction of sulphur, chlorine and fluorine forming acidic compounds was examined. The studies show that the condensation process is conducive to removal of acidic compounds from flue gases.

Study of Gasoline Engine Waste Heat Recovery by Organic Rankine Cycle

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 6071-6078
Author(s):  
E. H. Wang ◽  
H. G. Zhang ◽  
B. Y. Fan ◽  
H. Liang ◽  
M. G. Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Energy saving and environment protection are two important issues that today’s automobile industry must emphasize. Lots of heat energy waste with the exhaust gas when the engine is running. If this part of waste heat can be recovered, the energy efficiency will be improved. Thus plenty of energy can be saved and the global warming also can be reduced. In this paper, the organic Rankine cycle whose working fluid was R245fa was studied. It was adopted to recover the gasoline engine waste heat. The mathematical model of the organic Rankine cycle was built up in Matlab to search the optimized working condition. The pinch analysis method was used to analyze the outlet temperature of the exhaust gas. The results indicate that organic Rankine cycle is a good way to recover the gasoline engine waste heat, especially in the high load conditions. The temperature of the exhaust gas can be apparently decreased.

The Feasibility of Using an Air Turbine to Drive an Afterburner Fuel Pump

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. E. Backus ◽  
K. W. Ramsden ◽  
M. K. Yates ◽  
P. Laskaridis ◽  
P. Pilidis
Keyword(s):  
Mass Flow ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Performance Data ◽  
Fuel Pump ◽  
Radial Turbine ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Fixed Proportion ◽  
Mass Flows ◽  
Electric Engine ◽  
Radial Turbines

Current fighter engine designs extract power to drive the afterburner fuel pump through the use of a gearbox. The presence of the gearbox only allows the fuel pump to operate at a fixed proportion of engine speed. In addition the fuel pump is continually rotating, although not pumping fuel, even when the afterburner is not engaged. This article investigates the feasibility of using an air turbine to drive the afterburner fuel pump in preparation for supporting an all-electric engine. Utilising performance data for a typical modern military engine, 1-dimensional design techniques were used to design several radial turbines to power the afterburner fuel pump. A choice of an axial or a radial air turbine is possible. Both were reviewed and it was determined that a radial turbine is optimum based on manufacturability and (theoretical) efficiency. Several design iterations were completed to determine the estimated weight and size based on various air off-take locations, mass flows, and rotational speeds. These iterations showed that increasing mass flow allows for lower rotational speeds and/or smaller diameter rotors, but with a corresponding increases in thrust penalties.

Rub Interactions of Flexible Casing Rotor Systems

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 652-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. K. Choy ◽  
J. Padovan ◽  
C. Batur
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Integration Time ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Impeller Blade ◽  
Rotor Systems ◽  
Machine Failure ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Turbine Impeller

Rub interactions between a rotor assembly and its corresponding casing structure has long been one of the major causes for machine failure. Fracture/fatigue failures of turbine impeller blade components may even lead to catastrophic consequences. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of a complex rotor-bearing-blade-casing system during component rub interactions. The modal method is used in this study. Orthonormal coupled rotor-casing modes are used to obtain accurate relative motion between rotor and casing. External base vibration input and the sudden increase of imbalance are used to simulate suddenly imposed adversed operating condition. Nonlinear turbine/impeller blade effects are included with the various stages of single/multiple blade participation. A variable integration time step procedure is introduced to insure both accuracy and efficiency in numerical solutions. The dynamic characteristics of the system are examined in both the time domain and the frequency domain using a numerical FFT procedure. Nonlinear bearing and seal forces are also included to enhance a better simulation of the operating system. Frequency components of the system spectral characteristics will be correlated with the localized rub excitations to enable rub signature analysis. A multibearing flexible casing rotor system will be used as an example. Conclusions will be drawn from the results of an extensive parametric study.

scholarly journals Droplet deposition in radial turbines

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Schuster ◽  
Friedrich-Karl Benra ◽  
Dieter Brillert
Keyword(s):  
Droplet Deposition ◽  
Radial Turbines

scholarly journals DESIGN OF THE FUZZY CONTROL SYSTEM FOR THE WASTE HEAT UTILIZATION PLANTS DRIVEN BY THE THERMOACOUSTIC ENGINE

2014 ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Yuriy Kondratenko ◽  
Volodymyr Korobko ◽  
Oleksiy Korobko ◽  
Oleksiy Moskovko
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Thermoacoustic Engine ◽  
Resonator Length ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Fuzzy Controllers ◽  
Waste Heat Utilization ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The paper addresses the synthesis of fuzzy controllers for computerized control system of the waste heat energy (WHE) utilization plants that operate with the thermoacoustic engine (TAE). Based on the analysis of existing systems, the authors present the main tasks of the synthesized control system, describe its structure and main components. Created system is then tested on the experimental thermoacoustic installation. Using the data obtained authors synthesize the mathematical model of thermoacoustic plant and describe the methodology of its control by the adjustments in resonator length of thermoacoustic device. Using the suggested approach authors design a number of conventional discrete and fuzzy controllers and provide the comparative analysis of quality indicators of the designed control systems transient responses.

Investigation on the Degree of Reaction in Twin Scroll Radial Turbines at Different Operating Conditions for Turbocharging Applications

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Cravero ◽  
Davide De Domenico ◽  
Andrea Ottonello
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Axial Thrust ◽  
Degree Of Reaction ◽  
Radial Turbine ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Partial Admission ◽  
Rotor Losses ◽  
Radial Turbines

Abstract Frequently in turbocharging radial turbine studies, some assumptions have to be done in order to make 1D matching calculations as easy as possible and to develop simulation approaches that can be useful for different purposes, like axial thrust prediction. One of these assumptions concerns the degree of reaction, which is often considered constant and equal to the value 0.5. In standard radial turbines design the velocity triangles are set by the target to keep a mean degree of reaction of 50%, in order to obtain low rotor losses and to minimize the exit swirl to get lower losses in the exhaust diffuser. From the experience gained on radial turbines operating in a wide range of conditions, it is evident that: the degree of reaction presents large variations along a given isospeed (especially at low rotational speed) and the mean value is far from 0.5 (particularly true in high performance applications). In the present work a method for the representation of the degree of reaction for radial turbine is suggested. The approach has been developed onto a twin scroll radial turbine for turbocharging, considering a large dataset of operating conditions (at both equal and partial admission). The discussion and the method suggested are based on a rich database from experimental data and numerical simulations developed by the authors on the 3D configuration of the turbines under investigation.

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