Detecting Changes in Fiber Orientation in a Simulated Chopped Fiber Plate Using Curvature Mode Shapes

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janette J. Meyer ◽  
Douglas E. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Laminate Plate ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Mode Shapes ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composite ◽  
Shear Alignment ◽  
Carbon Fiber Laminate

The use of chopped fibers in the manufacturing of carbon fiber composite parts is becoming more popular in order to reduce production costs, especially in the automotive, wind, and gas storage industries. The orientation of the fibers in a chopped fiber part is important because the material properties of the part depend upon it. Phenomena such as shear alignment can result in undesired material properties, and therefore, a method for detecting the presence of undesired fiber orientations is needed. In this paper, a metric based on a part's curvature mode shapes is developed to identify the presence and location of fibers whose orientation is different from that of a desired alignment. A proof-of-concept experimental analysis shows the effectiveness of the metric at locating a region in a carbon fiber laminate plate that has been modified by rotating the fibers 90 deg. A finite element model is also developed to validate the experimental results and explore other modification scenarios. In each case, the metric is effective in identifying areas in which fiber alignment changed relative to a baseline model. In one case, a change as small as 3 deg was identified.

scholarly journals A Multiscale Modelling Approach for Estimating the Effect of Defects in Unidirectional Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim-Niklas Antin ◽  
Anssi Laukkanen ◽  
Tom Andersson ◽  
Danny Smyl ◽  
Pedro Vilaça
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Micromechanical Model ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Multiscale Modelling ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composites ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composite ◽  
Microscale Model ◽  
Modelling Approach

A multiscale modelling approach was developed in order to estimate the effect of defects on the strength of unidirectional carbon fiber composites. The work encompasses a micromechanics approach, where the known reinforcement and matrix properties are experimentally verified and a 3D finite element model is meshed directly from micrographs. Boundary conditions for loading the micromechanical model are derived from macroscale finite element simulations of the component in question. Using a microscale model based on the actual microstructure, material parameters and load case allows realistic estimation of the effect of a defect. The modelling approach was tested with a unidirectional carbon fiber composite beam, from which the micromechanical model was created and experimentally validated. The effect of porosity was simulated using a resin-rich area in the microstructure and the results were compared to experimental work on samples containing pores.

Toughness Properties of Basalt/Carbon Fiber Hybrid Composites

2010 ◽  
Vol 150-151 ◽  
pp. 732-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Hua Zhang ◽  
Jin Bao Zhang ◽  
Mu Chao Qu ◽  
Jian Nan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Laminate Composite ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composites ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composite ◽  
Carbon Fiber Laminate ◽  
Open Hole

Basalt fiber and carbon fiber hybrid with alternate stacking sequences reinforced epoxy composites have been developed to improve the toughness properties of conventional carbon fiber reinforced composite materials. For comparison, plain carbon fiber laminate composite and plain basalt fiber laminate composite have also been fabricated. The toughness properties of each laminate have been studied by an open hole compression test. The experimental results confirm that hybrid composites containing basalt fibers display 46% higher open hole compression strength than that of plain carbon fiber composites. It is indicated that the hybrid composite laminates are less sensitive to open hole compared with plain carbon fiber composite laminate and high toughness properties can be prepared by fibers' hybrid.

scholarly journals A Multiscale Modelling Approach for Estimating the Effect of Defects in Unidirectional Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim-Niklas Antin ◽  
Anssi Laukkanen ◽  
Tom Andersson ◽  
Danny Smyl ◽  
Pedro Vilaça
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Micromechanical Model ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Multiscale Modelling ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composites ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composite ◽  
Microscale Model ◽  
Modelling Approach

A multiscale modelling approach was developed in order to estimate the effect of defects on the strength of unidirectional carbon fiber composites. The work encompasses a micromechanics approach, where the known reinforcement and matrix properties are experimentally verified and a 3D finite element model is meshed directly from micrographs. Boundary conditions for loading the micromechanical model are derived from macroscale finite element simulations of the component in question. Using a microscale model based on the actual microstructure, material parameters and load case allows realistic estimation of the effect of a defect. The modelling approach was tested with a unidirectional carbon fiber composite beam, from which the micromechanical model was created and experimentally validated. The effect of porosity was simulated using a resin-rich area in the microstructure and the results were compared to experimental work on samples containing pores.

Analysis of Patch Bonded Repair to Carbon Fiber Composite Laminates with Low Velocity Impact Damage

2011 ◽  
Vol 335-336 ◽  
pp. 226-229
Author(s):  
Lun Wang ◽  
Wan Lin Zhou ◽  
Xue Gang Shi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composite ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Bonded Repair

In this paper, low-velocity impact residual tensile strength of carbon fiber composite laminates are investigated by experiment. The triple-plate-string-element finite element model was used to calculate the strength of repaired structures of the damage. The corresponding strength tests were conducted to verify the computational results. According to the computational and experimental results, the influence of the repair parameters on the repair efficiency was analyzed, such as the overlap length and the thickness of the patch.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PROPERTIES AND THEIR POSSIBILITIES TO USE THEM IN BUS FRAME CONSTRUCTION

Transport ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-378
Author(s):  
Tautvydas Pravilonis ◽  
Edgar Sokolovskij
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Steel Tube ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composite ◽  
Bus Safety ◽  
Frame Construction

Energy consumption and the emission of harmful particles have increased significantly in recent decades. The constant development of transport poses an increasing threat to the environment. The search for alternative energy-saving solutions is closely linked to the development and improvement of new vehicles, reducing their negative impact on the environment. Fiberglass or carbon fiber are among the most promising materials that can reduce weight in all types of vehicles. They are also much easier to recycle than steel. Fiberglass or carbon fiber composite materials are widely used in a variety of applications: construction, ships, and trains. Vehicles and buses are no exception. These innovative materials are used not only for interior elements but also in constructional units for the production of light duty vehicles. Meanwhile in buses these material are not yet used in safety frame. Bus safety frames are made out of steel. Therefore, in this work the fiberglass composite material from which the tubes are made by pultrusion process would replace the steel tube in the safety frame construction of the bus. Such technology could reduce the weight of the bus safety frame by about 20%. Other parameters would also be affected by weight reduction: safety: bus would be less overloaded, the braking distance would be reduced, the center of gravity position would be closer to the ground; environmental: lower air pollution due to lower CO2 emissions; economic: lower fuel consumption. However, before using such technology, it is necessary to determine the properties of the composite material. Properties were determined by tensile and shear tests (ISO 527-2:2012 and ASTM D5379/D5379M-19). Comparison tests of different materials (tensile and crushing tests) were also performed. According to the experimental results, conclusions were drawn regarding the possibility of using fiberglass for the bus frame.

scholarly journals Design of Low Cost Carbon Fiber Composites via Examining the Micromechanical Stress Distributions in A42 Bean-Shaped versus T650 Circular Fibers

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
Imad Hanhan ◽  
Michael D. Sangid
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Complex Loading ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composites ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composite

Recent advancements have led to new polyacrylonitrile carbon fiber precursors which reduce production costs, yet lead to bean-shaped cross-sections. While these bean-shaped fibers have comparable stiffness and ultimate strength values to typical carbon fibers, their unique morphology results in varying in-plane orientations and different microstructural stress distributions under loading, which are not well understood and can limit failure strength under complex loading scenarios. Therefore, this work used finite element simulations to compare longitudinal stress distributions in A42 (bean-shaped) and T650 (circular) carbon fiber composite microstructures. Specifically, a microscopy image of an A42/P6300 microstructure was processed to instantiate a 3D model, while a Monte Carlo approach (which accounts for size and in-plane orientation distributions) was used to create statistically equivalent A42/P6300 and T650/P6300 microstructures. First, the results showed that the measured in-plane orientations of the A42 carbon fibers for the analyzed specimen had an orderly distribution with peaks at |ϕ|=0∘,180∘. Additionally, the results showed that under 1.5% elongation, the A42/P6300 microstructure reached simulated failure at approximately 2108 MPa, while the T650/P6300 microstructure did not reach failure. A single fiber model showed that this was due to the curvature of A42 fibers which was 3.18 μm−1 higher at the inner corner, yielding a matrix stress that was 7 MPa higher compared to the T650/P6300 microstructure. Overall, this analysis is valuable to engineers designing new components using lower cost carbon fiber composites, based on the micromechanical stress distributions and unique packing abilities resulting from the A42 fiber morphologies.

The Automatic Calculation of Cumulative Lamination and Analysis of the Structural Static Rigidity of Bike Frame Made of Carbon Fiber Composite

2014 ◽  
Vol 563 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Ching Hui Tai ◽  
Chun Ho Yin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composite ◽  
Individual Layer ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Static Rigidity ◽  
Shop Drawing ◽  
Test Result

This paper discusses the process of calculating the lay-up configuration and structural stiffness of carbon fiber composite bike frame. First, a program is written in ANSYS macro language to calculate the lay-up configuration of the composite. The user only has to input the geometry, fiber orientation and sequence of individual layer, according to the original shop drawing. The program will then calculate the lay-up configuration of all the details for the whole structure automatically, and create the finite element model for ANSYS. The stiffness is then analyzed according to the product specification, and also compared with test result to evaluate the validation of the model. This automated process can accelerate the development time frame, and also work as the basis of parametric model for future design optimization.

Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Investigation of Carbon Fiber Composite Circular Tube

2011 ◽  
Vol 194-196 ◽  
pp. 1776-1780
Author(s):  
Lei Fu ◽  
Guo Quan Tao ◽  
Yu Ni Huang ◽  
Zhe Wu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Circular Tube ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Fem Simulation ◽  
Laminate Plate ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composite ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Mechanics Of Materials ◽  
Bending Load

In this paper, A 3-D numerical model of a circular tube is established, which is made of carbon fiber composite materials whose inner diameter is 43mm and outer diameter is 45mm. The behaviour of axial compression and bending load cases are analyzed under the theory of mechanics of materials and theory of classical laminate plate. Results of axial compressive stiffness and bending stiffness agree well with the experimental data,showing that the FEM simulation used in this paper is an efficient and reliable tool to calculate and predict the behaviour of carbon fiber tube.

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