Short-Term Mechanical Analysis of Polyethylene Pipe Reinforced by Winding Steel Wires Using Steel Wire Spiral Structural Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Shi ◽  
Jianfeng Shi ◽  
Hanxin Chen ◽  
Yibin He ◽  
Qingjun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Model ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Composite Layer ◽  
Nonlinear Material ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Polyethylene Pipe ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Calculation Results

Polyethylene pipe reinforced by winding steel wires (PSP) is a new type of polymer–matrix composite pipe that is widely used in petroleum, chemical engineering, and water supply, etc. PSP is composed of a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) core pipe, an outer cover layer (HDPE), and a steel wire skeleton sandwiched in the middle. The steel wire skeleton is formed by crossly winding steel wires integrated with HDPE matrix by cohesive resin. In traditional models, components of PSP are considered linear elastic and the steel wire skeleton is assumed to be an orthotropic composite layer based on classical laminated plate theory. Although satisfactory results can be achieved, traditional models neglect the material nonlinearity of the steel wires and HDPE matrix, which is an important consideration to failure analysis. In this study, a new finite element model was constructed based on the actual steel wire spiral structure of PSP. The steel wires and the HDPE matrix were modeled separately and were represented by solid elements. The steel wires were not in contact with each other, and the interaction between the steel wires and the HDPE matrix was characterized by tie constraint. Experimental result of short-term burst pressure of PSP was used to validate the nonlinear model. The calculation results of the nonlinear model agreed well with the experimental result. The effects of the nonlinear material property of components on the calculation results were investigated, and the short-term mechanical responses of PSP were analyzed through the nonlinear model.

Short-Term Mechanical Analysis of Polyethylene Pipe Reinforced by Winding Steel Wires Using Steel Wire Spiral Structural Finite Element Model

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Shi ◽  
Jianfeng Shi ◽  
Hanxin Chen ◽  
Yibin He ◽  
Qingjun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Nonlinear Model ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Polyethylene Pipe ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Calculation Results

Polyethylene pipe reinforced by winding steel wires (PSP) is new type of polymer-matrix composite pipe, which is widely used in petroleum, chemical engineering, and water supply, etc. PSP is composed of a thermoplastic core pipe (HDPE), an outer cover layer (HDPE), and steel wire skeleton sandwiched in the middle. The steel wire skeleton is formed by crossly winding steel wires integrated with HDPE matrix by cohesive resin. In traditional analysis models of PSP, components of PSP were considered linear elastic, and steel wire skeleton was assumed to be orthotropic composite layer based on the classical laminated plate theory. Although achieving good results in engineering applications, traditional models neglected the material nonlinearity of steel wires and HDPE matrix, which was significant to failure analysis. In the present paper, a new finite element model was constructed using commercial software ABAQUS[1], based on the actual steel wire spiral structure of PSP. Steel wires and HDPE matrix were modeled separately, which were both represented by solid elements, and the interaction between steel wires and HDPE was characterized by tie interaction. Experimental result of short-term burst pressure of PSP was used to validate the nonlinear model. Compared with the experimental result, the calculation results of the nonlinear model agreed well. Furthermore, the effect of the nonlinear material property of components on the calculation results were investigated, and the short-term mechanical responses of PSP were determined and analyzed through the nonlinear model.

Modeling the Interfacial De-Bonding Behavior Between Steel Wire and Adhesive

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Shi ◽  
Jianfeng Shi ◽  
Xinyu Nie ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Guangzhong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Cohesive Zone Model ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Failure Process ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Stick Slip ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Bonding Failure ◽  
Nonlinear Stress

A polyethylene pipe reinforced by winding steel wires (PSP) has been widely used in petroleum, chemical engineering, and water supply, etc. The PSP has outstanding mechanical properties due to its unique composite structure. However, according to earlier research, interfacial de-bonding between steel wire and adhesive is the cause for bulging failure of PSP joint, which is more likely to occur when the temperature and inner pressure increases to some extent in the application. In this study, the interfacial behavior between steel wire and adhesive was investigated and the interfacial failure process was analyzed. The pull-out test was conducted using specimens that were manufactured following PSP process parameters. Finite element models were established to represent the mechanical behavior and the de-bonding failure process of the steel-polymer interface. Contact surface with cohesive behavior based cohesive zone model was utilized to characterize the interfacial properties. The interfacial de-bonding failure process included stick-slip interaction and frictional sliding interaction. Both the stick-slip interaction and the adhesive-friction transition were modeled in the simulation. Results were presented in terms of pull-out load-displacement relationships, maximum pull-out force, and nonlinear stress distributions. The simulation result agreed well with the experimental result.

Short-term burst pressure of polyethylene pipe reinforced by winding steel wires under various temperatures

2015 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyang Zheng ◽  
Jun Shi ◽  
Jianfeng Shi ◽  
Sijia Zhong ◽  
Jing Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burst Pressure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Polyethylene Pipe ◽  
Steel Wires

scholarly journals Application of Polydioxanone Sutures in the Nuss Procedure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yimin Xie ◽  
Jinbo Ning
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
The Other ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Nuss Procedure ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Wire Breakage ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Duration Of Operation

Abstract Background/Purpose The Nuss procedure is the most common surgical repair for pectus excavatum (PE). Surgical steel wires are used in some modifications of the Nuss procedure to attach one or both ends of a support bar to the ribs. During follow-up, wire breakage was found in some cases. Patients with wire breakage may undergo prolonged bar removal surgery and may be exposed to excessive radiation.In this study, we had a series of patients who received polydioxanone suture (PDS) fixations instead of steel wires. This retrospective study was conducted to explore the differences between these two fixation materials in the incidence of related complications and efficacies. Furthermore, we attempted to observe whether the two materials lead to similar surgical efficacy in the Nuss procedure, whether they have divergent effects on the bar removal surgery, and whether PDS can reduce the risks due to steel wire breakage as expected. Methods We retrospectively studied PDS and surgical steel wires as fixation materials for the Nuss procedure in children with congenital PE and reviewed the outcomes and complications. A total of 75 children who had undergone Nuss procedure repairs and bar removals from January 2013 to December 2019 were recruited to participate in this study. They were divided into three groups: the PDS group, the unbroken wire (UBW) group, and the broken wire (BW) group, according to the fixation materials and whether the wires had broken or not. Moreover, we selected the duration of operation (DO), intraoperative blood loss (BL), bar displacement (BD), postoperative pain score (PPS), and incision infection as the risk indicators and the postrepair Haller index (HI) as the effectiveness indicator. These indicators were statistically compared to determine whether there were differences among the three groups. Results One BD occurred in the PDS and BW groups while none took place in the UBW group. No incision infection was found in any of the groups. The PDS group had the shortest DO, while the DO in the UBW group was shorter than that in the BW group (p < 0.05). BL in the PDS group was less than that in the other two groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, no difference was observed in BL between the BW and UBW groups (p > 0.05). The PPS of the PDS group was less than that of the BW group (p < 0.05), whereas no differences were found between the other two groups. No statistical difference emerged in HI among the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion PDS fixation results in a similar repair outcome and shows certain advantages in the DO, BL, and PPS; also, PDSs are safe and effective in the Nuss procedure. Level of evidence Level III.

Rolling/Sliding Wear Behavior of High Carbon Steel Wire Rod (HSWR) of Traction Machine

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beom-Taek Jang ◽  
Seock-Sam Kim
Keyword(s):  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
High Carbon Steel ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Volume Curve ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lubrication Condition ◽  
Worn Surface

Steel wires are critical load-bearing components in a wide range of applications such as elevator, cranes, mine haulage etc. The traction machine of elevator which transmits power to wire rope causes micro-slip between wire rope and sheave during reciprocating action. The lubrication condition of wire rope is also changed due to the lack of grease. This study focuses on the wear behavior of steel wire and effect of both dry and grease conditions by using the rolling/sliding contact wear tester done under various slip ratios and rolling speeds. The experimental results of the wear volume curve against the number of revolutions under the grease condition are compared with the results under dry condition. The worn surface of steel wire and the size of wear particles were observed by SEM. In order to quantify the wear amount of steel wire we established an equation and finally obtained the wear coefficient.

Bending Properties of General Purpose Stainless Steel Wire Formed for Orthodontic Use

2013 ◽  
Vol 746 ◽  
pp. 394-399
Author(s):  
Niwat Anuwongnukroh ◽  
Yosdhorn Chuankrerkkul ◽  
Surachai Dechkunakorn ◽  
Pornkiat Churnjitapirom ◽  
Theeralaksna Suddhasthira
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Stainless Steel Wire ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Bending Properties ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Significant Difference

The archwire is generally used in fixed appliances for orthodontic treatment to correct dental malocclusion. However, it is interesting to know whether general purpose stainless steel wire could replace commercial orthodontic archwire in orthodontic practice for economic reasons. The purpose of this study was to determine the bending properties of general purpose stainless steel wire compared with commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires after forming as an archwire for orthodontic use. The samples used in this study were 90 general purpose and 45 commercial (Highland) round stainless steel wires in 0.016, 0.018, and 0.020 sizes (30 general purpose and 15 commercial wires for each size). All 15 general purpose stainless steel wires with different sizes were formed into orthodontic archwire with a Universal Testing Machine. All samples were tested (three-point bending test) for mechanical properties. The results showed no significant difference between general purpose and commercial orthodontic wires in size 0.016 for 0.1 mm offset bending force, 0.2% yield strength, and springback. Although many mechanical properties of general purpose wires differed from commercial wires, their values conformed to other previous studies within the range of clinical acceptance. In conclusion, orthodontic formed general purpose round stainless steel wires had statistically different (p <0.05) mechanical properties from commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires (Highland) but the mechanical properties were acceptable to use in orthodontic treatment.

First Paper: The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Ductility of Alloy Steel Wires in a Cold Heading Process

1969 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 875-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Thomason
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Annealing Time ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Groove Depth ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Fracture Crack ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Process Annealing

Longitudinal grooves of various depths ranging from 0.001 in to 0.011 in were machined on the cylindrical surface of steel slugs prior to carrying out an automatic two-stage transfer heading operation. The longitudinal grooves were used to estimate the ‘critical groove depth’, which was defined as the depth of longitudinal groove that contained a ductile fracture crack just on the point of ‘opening out’ at the end of the heading process, thus giving a measure of the ductility of the wire. A half-replicate of a two-level factorial experiment was carried out to assess the effects and interactions of annealing temperature, annealing time, cooling rate and ageing temperature on the ductility of four different types of 1/2 in diameter cold heading steel wire. The results show that certain types of steel wires have optimum ductility in the ‘as-received’, cold-drawn, state. Other types of steel are shown to respond favourably to process annealing treatments, in which case annealing at 700°C for 1 hour followed by air cooling should give optimum ductility. It is shown that there is no general correlation between decreasing hardness and increasing ductility for steel wire.

Study of Microstructural and Mechanical Behavior of Mild Steel Wires Cold Drawn at TREFISOUD

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toufik Djimaoui ◽  
Mosbah Zidani ◽  
Mohamed Chaouki Nebbar ◽  
T. Abid ◽  
Hichem Farh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Vickers Microhardness ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Fiber Texture ◽  
Materials Characterization ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Evolution Of Microstructure ◽  
Electron Back Scattered Diffraction

The aim of the present work is to study the evolution of microstructure, texture and mechanical properties during drawing of mild steel wire of type F8Z used in the manufacture of welding electrodes TREFISOUD. It was found that the as received wire has a ferritic-pearlitic microstructure corresponding to an isotopic state (without texture). This microstructure is relatively heterogeneous in the wire section. On the other hand, after strong drawing structure appears relatively homogeneous, throughout the section of the drawn wire. Also the deformation process by drawing causes the hardening of wire as a function of deformation with a reinforcing component of the fiber texture <110> // ND (majority), typical for bcc materials. Characterization methods used in this work is: Optical microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), the Electron Back Scattered Diffraction EBSD, Vickers microhardness and the tensile tests.

Shearing and Shaving Process of Stainless Steel Wire at Micro Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 311 ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Chao Cheng Chang ◽  
Tzu Hsiang Hung ◽  
Jung Shu Chang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Load Cell ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Stainless Steel Wire ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Sheared Edge ◽  
Die Set

This study investigated the effects of the die clearance on the shearing and shaving processes of the stainless steel (SUS316LVM) wire at micro scale. A die set was developed and installed on a precession press equipped with a load cell and a displacement sensor to conduct experiments. By using different punches in the same die set, the specimens prepared from 316LVM stainless steel wires with 0.5 mm diameter were first sheared and then shaved. Experimental results show that the burnished area of the sheared edge increases with the reduction of the clearance between the punch and die in the shearing process. The clearance also significantly affects the load curves. Moreover, the shaving process does increase the burnished area on the shaved edge of the specimen. By an appropriate feed in the shaving process, it is possible to trim the extra material from the sheared edge that results in a nearly complete burnished surface on the shaved edge of the stainless steel wire. This research provides a basis for understanding of the die clearance effect on the shearing and shaving processes at micro scale.

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