scholarly journals Design, Development, and Operation of an Integrated Fluidized Carbon Capture Unit Using Polyethylenimine Sorbents

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Breault ◽  
Lawrence J. Shadle
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Circulation Rate ◽  
Exponential Dependence ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Solid Sorbent ◽  
Process Step ◽  
Pressure Transducers

This paper presents the design, development, and operation of a reactor system for CO2 capture. Modifications were implemented to address differences in sorbent from 180 μm Geldart group B to 115 μm Geldart group A material; operational issues were discovered during experimental trials. The major obstacle in system operation was the ability to maintain a constant circulation of a solid sorbent stemming from this change in sorbent material. The system consisted of four fluid beds, through which a polyamine impregnated sorbent was circulated and adsorption, preheat, regeneration, and cooling processes occurred. Pressure transducers, thermocouples, gas flow meters, and gas composition instrumentation were used to characterize thermal, hydrodynamic, and gas adsorption performance in this integrated unit. A series of shakedown tests were performed and the configuration altered to meet the needs of the sorbent performance and achieve desired target capture efficiencies. Methods were identified, tested, and applied to continuously monitor critical operating parameters including solids circulation rate, adsorbed and desorbed CO2, solids inventories, and pressures. The working capacity and CO2 capture efficiency were used to assess sorbent performance while CO2 closure was used to define data quality and approach to steady-state. Testing demonstrated >90% capture efficiencies and identified the regenerator to be the process step limiting throughput. Sorbent performance was found to be related to the reactant stoichiometry. A stochastic model with an exponential dependence on the relative CO2/amine concentration was used to describe 90% of the variance in the data.

Combined Cycles With CO2 Capture: Two Alternatives for System Integration

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolett Sipöcz ◽  
Mohsen Assadi
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Capture ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Steam Extraction ◽  
Two Alternatives

As carbon capture and storage technology has grown as a promising option to significantly reduce CO2 emissions, system integration and optimization claim an important and crucial role. This paper presents a comparative study of a gas turbine cycle with postcombustion CO2 separation using an amine-based absorption process with monoethanolamine. The study has been made for a triple pressure reheated 400 MWe natural gas-fuelled combined cycle with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) to improve capture efficiency. Two different options for the energy supply to the solvent regeneration have been evaluated and compared concerning plant performance. In the first alternative heat is provided by steam extracted internally from the bottoming steam cycle, while in the second option an external biomass-fuelled boiler was utilized to generate the required heat. With this novel configuration the amount of CO2 captured can be even more than 100% if the exhaust gas from the biofuelled boiler is mixed and cleaned together with the main exhaust gas flow from the combined cycle. In order to make an unprejudiced comparison between the two alternatives, the reduced steam turbine efficiency has been taken into consideration and estimated, for the alternative with internal steam extraction. The cycles have been modeled in the commercial heat and mass balance program IPSEPRO™ using detailed component models. Utilizing EGR can double the CO2 content of the exhaust gases and reduce the energy need for the separation process by approximately 2% points. Using an external biomass-fuelled boiler as heat source for amine regeneration turns out to be an interesting option due to high CO2 capture effectiveness. However the electrical efficiency of the power plant is reduced compared with the option with internal steam extraction. Another drawback with the external boiler is the higher investment costs but nevertheless, it is flexibility due to the independency from the rest of the power generation system represents a major operational advantage.

Combined Cycles With CO2 Capture: Two Alternatives for System Integration

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolett Sipo¨cz ◽  
Mohsen Assadi
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Capture ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Steam Extraction ◽  
Two Alternatives

As Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology has grown as a promising option to significantly reduce CO2 emissions, system integration and optimization claim an important and crucial role. This paper presents a comparative study of a gas turbine cycle with post-combustion CO2 separation using an amine-based absorption process with Monoethanolamine (MEA). The study has been made for a triple pressure reheated 400 MWe natural gas-fuelled combined cycle (NGCC) with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) to improve capture efficiency. Two different options for the energy supply to the solvent regeneration have been evaluated and compared concerning plant performance. In the first alternative heat is provided by steam extracted internally from the bottoming steam cycle while in the second option an external biomass-fuelled boiler was utilized to generate the required heat. With this novel configuration the amount of CO2 captured can be even more than 100% if the exhaust gas from the bio-fuelled boiler is mixed and cleaned together with the main exhaust gas flow from the combined cycle. In order to make an unprejudiced comparison between the two alternatives, the reduced steam turbine efficiency has been taken into consideration and estimated, for the alternative with internal steam extraction. The cycles have been modelled in the commercial heat and mass balance programme IPSEpro™ using detailed component models. Utilizing EGR can double the CO2 content of the exhaust gases and reduce the energy need for the separation process by approximately 2%-points. Using an external biomass-fuelled boiler as heat source for amine regeneration, turns out to be an interesting option due to high CO2 capture effectiveness. However the electrical efficiency of the power plant is reduced compared to the option with internal steam extraction. Another drawback with the external boiler is the higher investment costs but nevertheless, it is flexibility due to the independency from the rest of the power generation system represents a major operational advantage.

Ideal–Gas Thermochemical Properties for Alkanolamine and Related Species Involved in Carbon Capture Applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayyereh hatefi ◽  
William Smith
Keyword(s):  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Thermochemical Properties ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Electronic Structure Methods ◽  
Protonated Forms

<div>Ideal{gas thermochemical properties (enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs energy, and heat capacity, Cp) of 49 alkanolamines potentially suitable for CO2 capture applications and their carbamate and protonated forms were calculated using two high{order electronic structure methods, G4 and G3B3 (or G3//B3LYP). We also calculate for comparison results from the commonly used B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ method. This data is useful for the construction of molecular{based thermodynamic models of CO2 capture processes involving these species. The Cp data for each species over the temperature range 200 K{1500 K is presented as functions of temperature in the form of NASA seven-term polynomial expressions, permitting the set of thermochemical properties to be calculated over this temperature range. The accuracy of the G3B3 and G4 results is estimated to be 1 kcal/mol and the B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ results are of nferior quality..</div>

Pilot Scale Demonstration of Solid Sorbent CO2 Capture Technology at a Biomass Power Station

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Schöny ◽  
Johannes Fuchs ◽  
Melina Infantino ◽  
Sander Van Paasen ◽  
Jolinde van de Graaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Solid Sorbent ◽  
Power Station

scholarly journals Investigation on influences of loose gas on gas-solid flows in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) reactor using full-loop numerical simulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengju Huo ◽  
Xiaohong Li ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Haiying Qi
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Circulating Fluidized Bed ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Circulation Rate ◽  
Solid Mass ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Leakage ◽  
Mass Circulation

AbstractThe influences of loose gas on gas-solid flows in a large-scale circulating fluidized bed (CFB) gasification reactor were investigated using full-loop numerical simulation. The two-fluid model was coupled with the QC-energy minimization in multi-scale theory (EMMS) gas-solid drag model to simulate the fluidization in the CFB reactor. Effects of the loose gas flow rate, Q, on the solid mass circulation rate and the cyclone separation efficiency were analyzed. The study found different effects depending on Q: First, the particles in the loop seal and the standpipe tended to become more densely packed with decreasing loose gas flow rate, leading to the reduction in the overall circulation rate. The minimum Q that can affect the solid mass circulation rate is about 2.5% of the fluidized gas flow rate. Second, the sealing gas capability of the particles is enhanced as the loose gas flow rate decreases, which reduces the gas leakage into the cyclones and improves their separation efficiency. The best loose gas flow rates are equal to 2.5% of the fluidized gas flow rate at the various supply positions. In addition, the cyclone separation efficiency is correlated with the gas leakage to predict the separation efficiency during industrial operation.

scholarly journals Carbon capture test unit design and development using amine-based solid sorbent

2016 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 251-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Breault ◽  
James L. Spenik ◽  
Lawrence J. Shadle ◽  
James S. Hoffman ◽  
McMahan L. Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Test Unit ◽  
Solid Sorbent ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Unit Design

scholarly journals Ethylene Glycol Regeneration Plan: A Systematic Approach to Troubleshoot the Common Problems

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Emdadul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Circulation Rate ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Column Temperature ◽  
Flow Rates

Mono Ethylene Glycol (MEG) is used primarily at low-temperature processing plant for extracting natural gas liquids. Typically a physical process plant comprises with gas dehydration system which allows for physical separation of water saturated gas by simple dew point depression and water condensation brought about by chilling from cross exchange with propane refrigerant. The resultant wet gas is prevented from freezing by injection of liquid desiccants to inhibit hydrate formation. The resulting dehydrated gas stream will have a dew point preciously equal to the saturated water volume of the gas at its coolest temperature. Mono Ethylene Glycol has been chosen as hydrate inhibitor because of its low volatility, low toxicity, low flammability, good thermodynamic behavior, and simple proven technology requirement and availability. But it has two common characteristic problems in regeneration plant that is fouling of equipment by iron carbonate, Ca+2/Mg+2 salt deposits and cross contamination of MEG and condensate contamination. MEG in condensate causes condensate specification problems, fouling of condensate stabilization equipment and contamination of wastewater streams. Condensate in MEG causes stripping effect due to condensate vaporization, lower operating temperature, higher MEG purities, and contamination of wastewater streams from MEG Regeneration system and burping of column due to condensate buildup. Another common problem is glycol losses due to carryover with dehydrated gas and which finally accumulates in pipelines and causes corrosion. Other reasons of glycol losses are higher column temperature, foaming, leaks at pump or pipe fittings, operated with excessive gas flow rates and rapid changes in gas flow rates. Column Flooding occurred if feed glycol circulation rate exceeded design limit and it does not allow proper separation of glycol and water separator and much glycol losses through vent line. This paper presents an experimental study of glycol losses. Effort has been made to investigate the causes and the study suggests some mitigation plans. Current study suggests the efficiency of the dehydration process depends on a large extent on the cleanliness of the glycol and the regular monitoring of glycol parameters such as glycol concentration, hydrocarbon content, salt content, solids content, pH stabilization, iron content, foaming tendency etc. Losses due to vaporization from reboiler can be minimized by adjusting operating parameters. By developing monitoring procedure and periodic maintenance about 90% operating problems of Glycol Regeneration Plant can be reduced. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jce.v27i1.15853 Journal of Chemical Engineering, IEB Vol. ChE. 27, No. 1, June 2012: 21-26

scholarly journals CO2 Adsorption Capacity of Organic Alkali Sorbent CPEI from Polyethyleneimine

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Feng Wang ◽  
Lu Yu ◽  
Youhua Li ◽  
Dengfa Huang
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Bubble Column ◽  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
Bubble Column Reactor ◽  
Diffusion Resistance ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Co2 Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Temperature Swing Adsorption

Support-free cross-linked polyethyleneimine sorbent (CPEI) for CO2 capture was evaluated as the regenerable sorbent. The total amines available for the CO2 capture on CPEI were determined by the polyethyleneimine/glutaraldehyde ratio for the synthesis of CPEI. The CO2 capacity of CPEI in the slurry bubble column reactor reached 4.92 mmol/g, which is 1.97 times higher than that obtained under anhydrous conditions. The adsorption kinetics of CPEI in the reactor were investigated in terms of the CPEI amount, the CO2 fraction, the gas flow rate, temperature, and the total amines available. The experimental breakthrough curves for the sorbent were well-fitted with a fractional-order kinetic model. The modeling analysis found the influence of diffusion resistance on the adsorption is more significant than that of the driving force. The CO2 capacity of CPEI remained almost constant during the temperature swing adsorption/desorption cycles.

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