scholarly journals SI–HCCI Mode Transitions Without Open-Loop Sequence Scheduling: Online Parameter Adaptation

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Gorzelic ◽  
Anna Stefanopoulou ◽  
Jeff Sterniak
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Method ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Parameter Adaptation ◽  
Transition Control ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Loop Sequence ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mode Transition Control ◽  
Mode Transitions

A parameter adaptation method for a previously developed spark ignition (SI) to homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion mode transition control architecture is described. The goal of the adaptive method is to use transient SI–HCCI transition data gathered in online operation to tune the controller model parameters on a cylinder individual basis, in order to improve the accuracy of the controller's model-based calculations and account for cylinder to cylinder variability and drifts over time. The parameter adaptation is implemented on an experimental engine in an indirect adaptive control structure where the model parameters of the SI–HCCI transition controller are updated based on real-time measurements and used in subsequent model-based calculations. Comparison of SI–HCCI transition responses before and after adaptation at a single operating condition shows notable benefits from use of the adaptive method. When tested at differing operating points, the performance of the adapted controller remains overwhelmingly favorable to that of the baseline controller even when conditioned on data from only a single operating point.

scholarly journals Online Simultaneous State Estimation and Parameter Adaptation for Building Predictive Control

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Maasoumy ◽  
Barzin Moridian ◽  
Meysam Razmara ◽  
Mahdi Shahbakhti ◽  
Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Unscented Kalman Filter ◽  
Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Parameter Adaptation ◽  
Building Model ◽  
Model Based ◽  
On Line

Model-based control of building energy offers an attractive way to minimize energy consumption in buildings. Model-based controllers require mathematical models that can accurately predict the behavior of the system. For buildings, specifically, these models are difficult to obtain due to highly time varying, and nonlinear nature of building dynamics. Also, model-based controllers often need information of all states, while not all the states of a building model are measurable. In addition, it is challenging to accurately estimate building model parameters (e.g. convective heat transfer coefficient of varying outside air). In this paper, we propose a modeling framework for “on-line estimation” of states and unknown parameters of buildings, leading to the Parameter-Adaptive Building (PAB) model. Extended Kalman filter (EKF) and unscented Kalman filter (UKF) techniques are used to design the PAB model which simultaneously tunes the parameters of the model and provides an estimate for all states of the model. The proposed PAB model is tested against experimental data collected from Lakeshore Center building at Michigan Tech University. Our results indicate that the new framework can accurately predict states and parameters of the building thermal model.

scholarly journals Contrasting open-loop dynamic characteristics of sympathetic and vagal systems during baroreflex-mediated heart rate control in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (6) ◽  
pp. R879-R890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Kawada ◽  
Hiromi Yamamoto ◽  
Yohsuke Hayama ◽  
Takuya Nishikawa ◽  
Kunihiko Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Transfer Function ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Carotid Sinus ◽  
Gaussian White Noise ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dynamic Gain ◽  
Sinus Pressure

Although heart rate (HR) is governed by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, a head-to-head comparison of the open-loop dynamic characteristics of the total arc from a baroreceptor pressure input to the HR response has yet to be performed. We estimated the transfer function from carotid sinus pressure input to the HR response ( HCSP→HR) before and after bilateral vagotomy ( n = 7) as well as before and after the administration of a β-blocker propranolol ( n = 8) in anesthetized male Wistar-Kyoto rats. The carotid sinus pressure was perturbed according to a Gaussian white noise signal so that the input power spectra were relatively flat between 0.01 and 1 Hz. The gain plot of HCSP→HR was V-shaped. Vagotomy reduced the dynamic gain at 1 Hz (0.0598 ± 0.0065 to 0.0025 ± 0.0004 beats·min−1·mmHg−1, P < 0.001) but not at 0.01 or 0.1 Hz. β-Blockade reduced the dynamic gain at 0.01 Hz (0.247 ± 0.069 to 0.077 ± 0.017 beats·min−1·mmHg−1, P = 0.020) but not at 0.1 or 1 Hz. We also estimated the efferent limb transfer function from electrical vagal efferent stimulation to the HR response ( HVN→HR) under β-blockade conditions. We associated the model parameters of HVN→HR with the mean HR and the standard deviation of HR so that HVN→HR could be estimated based only on the HR data. We finally estimated the neural arc transfer function from a pressure input to efferent vagal nerve activity by dividing HCSP→HR by HVN→HR. The mathematically determined vagal neural arc showed derivative characteristics with its phase near zero radians at the lowest frequency.

scholarly journals SI-HCCI Mode Transitions Without Open-Loop Sequence Scheduling: Control Architecture and Experimental Validation

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Gorzelic ◽  
Anna Stefanopoulou ◽  
Jeff Sterniak
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Control Architecture ◽  
Load Range ◽  
Operating Condition ◽  
Gasoline Engines ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Transition Strategies ◽  
Feedback Control Method ◽  
Mode Transitions

This paper describes a model-based feedback control method to transition from spark ignition (SI) to homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion in gasoline engines. The purpose of the control structure is to improve robustness and reduce calibration complexity by incorporating feedback of the engine variables into nonlinear model-based calculations that inherently generalize across operating points. This type of structure is sought as an alternative to prior SI-HCCI transition approaches that involve open-loop calibration of input command sequences that must be scheduled by operating condition. The control architecture is designed for cam switching type SI-HCCI mode transition strategies with practical two-stage cam profile hardware, which previously have only been investigated in a purely open-loop framework. Experimental results on a prototype engine show that the control architecture is able to carry out SI-HCCI transitions across the HCCI load range at 2000 rpm engine speed while requiring variation of only one major set point and three minor set points with operating condition. These results suggest a noteworthy improvement in controller generality and ease of calibration relative to previous SI-HCCI transition approaches.

MODEL MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER BERBASIS INTEGRASI NILAI-NILAI RELIGIUS DAN MULTIKULTURAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-266
Author(s):  
Rohmat Rohmat
Keyword(s):  
Character Education ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Intellectual Ability ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Education Management ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Emotional Aspects

Securing religious and multicultural character values ​​is very important to be instilled as early as possible through education. This is due to education not only providing increased intellectual ability, but also is responsible for integrating character values ​​in students. At least there are some aspects that need to be developed in the education phase of school children including intellectual aspects, emotional aspects, social aspects, physical aspects, aspects of movement, aesthetic aspects, and moral aspects. Based on this opinion it can be seen that the cultivation of religious and multicultural character values ​​in madrasa ibtidaiyah level students needs to be done in order to realize a future generation of adults and character. On the other hand, the cultivation of multicultural values ​​is also an urgent matter to do.This study aims to find a character education management model based on the integration of religious and multicultural values ​​in MI Banyumas Regency. The research method with research and development methods. The results of the study of the character education management model based on the integration of religious and multicultural values ​​that were developed effectively for use in character education in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. The results of the t test through the paired t test method showed that there were significant differences between the character values ​​before and after the implementation of character education in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. These results reinforce that character education is effectively used in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah.

Model-based control of the substrate concentration in an aeration basin using the wastewater level

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 335-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Czeczot
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Estimation Procedure ◽  
Adaptive Controller ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Substrate Consumption ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Effluent Flow Rate

This paper deals with the minimal-cost control of the modified activated sludge process with varying level of wastewater in the aerator tank. The model-based adaptive controller of the effluent substrate concentration, basing on the substrate consumption rate and manipulating the effluent flow rate outcoming from the aerator tank, is proposed and its performance is compared with conventional PI controller and open loop behavior. Since the substrate consumption rate is not measurable on-line, the estimation procedure on the basis of the least-square method is suggested. Finally, it is proved that cooperation of the DO concentration controller with the adaptive controller of the effluent substrate concentration allows the process to be operated at minimum costs (low consumption of aeration energy).

scholarly journals A Model-Based Tool for Assessing the Impact of Land Use Change Scenarios on Flood Risk in Small-Scale River Systems—Part 1: Pre-Processing of Scenario Based Flood Characteristics for the Current State of Land Use

Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Frauke Kachholz ◽  
Jens Tränckner
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Ungauged Catchments ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Impact

Land use changes influence the water balance and often increase surface runoff. The resulting impacts on river flow, water level, and flood should be identified beforehand in the phase of spatial planning. In two consecutive papers, we develop a model-based decision support system for quantifying the hydrological and stream hydraulic impacts of land use changes. Part 1 presents the semi-automatic set-up of physically based hydrological and hydraulic models on the basis of geodata analysis for the current state. Appropriate hydrological model parameters for ungauged catchments are derived by a transfer from a calibrated model. In the regarded lowland river basins, parameters of surface and groundwater inflow turned out to be particularly important. While the calibration delivers very good to good model results for flow (Evol =2.4%, R = 0.84, NSE = 0.84), the model performance is good to satisfactory (Evol = −9.6%, R = 0.88, NSE = 0.59) in a different river system parametrized with the transfer procedure. After transferring the concept to a larger area with various small rivers, the current state is analyzed by running simulations based on statistical rainfall scenarios. Results include watercourse section-specific capacities and excess volumes in case of flooding. The developed approach can relatively quickly generate physically reliable and spatially high-resolution results. Part 2 builds on the data generated in part 1 and presents the subsequent approach to assess hydrologic/hydrodynamic impacts of potential land use changes.

Study On Automatic Adaptation for Control-Oriented Model of Advanced Diesel Engine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunki Nishii ◽  
Yudai Yamasaki
Keyword(s):  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Model Based Control ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Automatic Adaptation ◽  
Automobile Engines ◽  
Adaptation Method

Abstract To achieve high thermal efficiency and low emission in automobile engines, advanced combustion technologies using compression autoignition of premixtures have been studied, and model-based control has attracted attention for their practical applications. Although simplified physical models have been developed for model-based control, appropriate values for their model parameters vary depending on the operating conditions, the engine driving environment, and the engine aging. Herein, we studied an onboard adaptation method of model parameters in a heat release rate (HRR) model. This method adapts the model parameters using neural networks (NNs) considering the operating conditions and can respond to the driving environment and the engine aging by training the NNs onboard. Detailed studies were conducted regarding the training methods. Furthermore, the effectiveness of this adaptation method was confirmed by evaluating the prediction accuracy of the HRR model and model-based control experiments.

scholarly journals Calibration and evaluation of a semi-distributed watershed model of Sub-Saharan Africa using GRACE data

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 3083-3099 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Xie ◽  
L. Longuevergne ◽  
C. Ringler ◽  
B. R. Scanlon
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Grace Data ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract. Irrigation development is rapidly expanding in mostly rainfed Sub-Saharan Africa. This expansion underscores the need for a more comprehensive understanding of water resources beyond surface water. Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites provide valuable information on spatio-temporal variability in water storage. The objective of this study was to calibrate and evaluate a semi-distributed regional-scale hydrologic model based on the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) code for basins in Sub-Saharan Africa using seven-year (July 2002–April 2009) 10-day GRACE data and multi-site river discharge data. The analysis was conducted in a multi-criteria framework. In spite of the uncertainty arising from the tradeoff in optimising model parameters with respect to two non-commensurable criteria defined for two fluxes, SWAT was found to perform well in simulating total water storage variability in most areas of Sub-Saharan Africa, which have semi-arid and sub-humid climates, and that among various water storages represented in SWAT, water storage variations in soil, vadose zone and groundwater are dominant. The study also showed that the simulated total water storage variations tend to have less agreement with GRACE data in arid and equatorial humid regions, and model-based partitioning of total water storage variations into different water storage compartments may be highly uncertain. Thus, future work will be needed for model enhancement in these areas with inferior model fit and for uncertainty reduction in component-wise estimation of water storage variations.

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