scholarly journals Examination of Photovoltaic Silicon Module Degradation Under High-Voltage Bias and Damp Heat by Electroluminescence

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristijan Brecl ◽  
Matevž Bokalič ◽  
Marko Topič
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Degradation Mechanisms ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Performance Loss ◽  
Voltage Bias ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
In Series ◽  
P Type

The photovoltaic (PV) modules are in PV arrays normally connected in series and thus some of them are exposed to high system voltages since frames of the PV modules are grounded. To predict the long-term PV system energy output and PV module lifetime, it is very important to understand and take into account the degradation process of PV modules under high-voltage stress. Accelerated tests under damp heat (over 1300 h of DH85/60; RH = 85%, T = 60 °C) of in-house developed monocrystalline silicon PV modules with p-type solar cells were preformed while connected to a positive or negative voltage bias of 1000 V. The negative biased modules exhibited just a little degradation, while the positive biased modules degraded rapidly. We identified three degradation mechanisms: cell degradation, silver corrosion, and EVA evaporation. The degradation mechanisms contribute to almost 15% of the performance loss of the 1000 V positive biased modules after more than 1300 h of DH85/60 testing, while the power degradation of the negative biased modules remains below 3%.

scholarly journals The Influence of the EVA Film Aging on the Degradation Behavior of PV Modules Under High Voltage Bias in Wet Conditions Followed by Electroluminescence

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristijan Brecl ◽  
Chiara Barretta ◽  
Gernot Oreski ◽  
Barbara Malic ◽  
Marko Topic
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Degradation Behavior ◽  
Voltage Bias ◽  
Pv Modules

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Ground-Mounted vs. Rooftop Photovoltaic Systems Optimized for Interrow Distance between Parallel Arrays

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3639
Author(s):  
Ahmed Bilal Awan ◽  
Mohammed Alghassab ◽  
Muhammad Zubair ◽  
Abdul Rauf Bhatti ◽  
Muhammad Uzair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Mutual Shading ◽  
Land Cost

The aim of this research is to perform an in-depth performance comparison of ground-mounted and rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems. The PV modules are tilted to receive maximum solar irradiance. The efficiency of the PV system decreases due to the mutual shading impact of parallel tilted PV modules. The mutual shading decreases with the increasing interrow distance of parallel PV modules, but a distance that is too large causes an increase in land cost in the case of ground-mounted configuration and a decrease in roof surface shading in the case of rooftop configuration, because larger sections of roof are exposed to sun radiation. Therefore, an optimized interrow distance for the two PV configurations is determined with the aim being to minimize the levelized cost of energy (LCoE) and maximize the energy yield. The model of the building is simulated in EnergyPlus software to determine the cooling load requirement and roof surface temperatures under different shading scenarios. The layout of the rooftop PV system is designed in Helioscope software. A detailed comparison of the two systems is carried out based on energy output, performance ratio, capacity utilization factor (CUF), energy yield, and LCoE. Compared to ground-mounted configuration, the rooftop PV configuration results in a 2.9% increase in CUF, and up to a 23.7% decrease in LCoE. The results of this research show that installing a PV system on a roof has many distinct advantages over ground-mounted PV systems such as the shading of the roof, which leads to the curtailment of the cooling energy requirements of the buildings in hot regions and land cost savings, especially for urban environments.

scholarly journals Design of a Stand-Alone Rooftop PV System for Electrification of an Academic Building

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3955-3964
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Power Outage ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
In Series ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Pv Generation ◽  
Academic Building

Solar energy is one of the most promising options of renewable energy in the context of energy sustainability. Nowadays, as the utilization of solar energy has been continuously expanded in wide scale, researches related to the topic have been carried out all over the world. The prime focus of this study is to provide sustainable energy generation for an academic building located in a rural place, where power outage is a frequent issue. In this study, individual power system components have been suitably designed which could electrify the building for yearlong use. A rooftop photovoltaic (PV) system with three days battery backup has been considered for the present case. Designing of the PV system is based on the selection of individual electrical appliances and its operating time in a day. For this purpose, a survey has been carried out over a year in order to identify the day in which maximum power was utilized. The study revealed that the total estimated capacity of the stand-alone PV system should be 138.6 KWp in which 446 PV modules bearing 300 Wp each are connected together in series parallel combination. Total 656 numbers of batteries (12V- 200Ah each) are required for power backup which store the excess PV generation. Suitable size also been considered for inverters and charger controller which are connected in parallel and series respectively. The area required to install PV modules on the rooftop without shadow effect has been properly assessed. Besides being PV system design, brief cost analysis has been carried out in terms of simple payback period, unit cost of power generation and cash flow in terms of present value

scholarly journals Single Ended Primary Inductor Converter for Delta Conversion of PV Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 4610-4620
Author(s):  
Dr.SP.Umayal Et.al
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Cell Behaviour ◽  
Matlab Software ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
In Series ◽  
The Difference

 Electrical Energy can be generated by Photovoltaic (PV) systems. To achieve desired power range PV modules are connected both in series and parallel. There will be a difference between output power between PV cells, modules due to temporary shading, pollution or spread in cell behaviour.  PV output power will be reduced due to this. In this paper in order to get the same output power during such condition delta conversion concept is introduced with the help of a DC/DC SEPIC converter. This is a converter capable of averaging out the difference existing in output power between PV cells, modules existing in PV system. The converter is simulated in MATLAB software and the results obtained are compared with the prototype hardware results.

scholarly journals Use of a 2-layer thermoelectric generator structure for photovoltaics cells cooling and energy recovery

2021 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 00003
Author(s):  
Sławomir Wnuk ◽  
George Loumakis ◽  
Roberto Ramirez-Iniguez
Keyword(s):  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Solar Simulator ◽  
Pv Cell ◽  
In Series ◽  
Maximum Cell ◽  
Better Than

A 2-layer thermoelectric generator was tested as a solution to increase the output of a PV cell. A number of practical experiments were carried out on both single and two combined thermoelectric generator (TEG) configurations connected in series with photovoltaic (PV) cells and connected to a load independently from each other. Testing was performed using a class AAA solar simulator system Sol3A and under real outdoor weather conditions. The results show a reduction of the maximum cell temperature by 10.3 ° on average and at the same time an increase in the tested photovoltaics-thermo-generators (PV-TEGs) voltage output of the proposed hybrid systems by 28.56-30.54% compared to the plain PV cell. It was experimentally confirmed that the TEGs-PV structure performs better than the bare PV cell during decline of insolation utilising, in addition to the limited at this time solar energy, the heat accumulated by the multilayer structure components. Experiments showed that for the selected period of time (1600s) the energy output increased by 27.6% compared to a plain PV cell. For a constant level of artifical light (1000W/m2) the PV-TEG’s hybrid system showed an increase of energy yield of 3.1% compared to a plain PV system.

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