scholarly journals Closed-Loop Fluid Resuscitation Control Via Blood Volume Estimation

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Bighamian ◽  
Chang-Sei Kim ◽  
Andrew T. Reisner ◽  
Jin-Oh Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Fluid Resuscitation ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Volume Estimation ◽  
Closed Loop Control ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

This paper presents a closed-loop control of fluid resuscitation to overcome hypovolemia based on model-based estimation of relative changes in blood volume (BV). In this approach, the control system consists of a model-based relative BV (RBV) estimator and a feedback controller. The former predicts relative changes in the BV response to augmented fluid by analyzing an arterial blood pressure (BP) waveform and the electrocardiogram (ECG). Then, the latter determines the amount of fluid to be augmented by comparing target versus predicted relative changes in BV. In this way, unlike many previous methods for fluid resuscitation based on controlled variable(s) nonlinearly correlated with the changes in BV, fluid resuscitation can be guided by a controlled variable linearly correlated with the changes in BV. This paper reports initial design of the closed-loop fluid resuscitation system and its in silico evaluation in a wide range of hypovolemic scenarios. The results suggest that closed-loop fluid resuscitation guided by a controlled variable linearly correlated with the changes in BV can be effective in overcoming hypovolemia: across 100 randomly produced hypovolemia cases, it resulted in the BV regulation error of 7.98 ± 171.6 ml, amounting to 0.18 ± 3.04% of the underlying BV. When guided by pulse pressure (PP), a classical controlled variable nonlinearly correlated with the changes in BV; the same closed-loop fluid resuscitation system resulted in persistent under-resuscitation with the BV regulation error of −779.1 ± 147.4 ml, amounting to −13.9 ± 2.65% of the underlying BV.

Closed-Loop Control of Fluid Resuscitation via Blood Volume Estimation

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Bighamian ◽  
Andrew T. Reisner ◽  
Jin-Oh Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Fluid Resuscitation ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Closed Loop Control ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Closed Loop Control System ◽  
Volume Response ◽  
Loop Control System

This paper presents a model-based approach to the closed-loop control of fluid resuscitation against hypovolemia. In this approach, the control system consists of a model-based blood volume estimator and a feedback controller. The model-based blood volume estimator derives relative changes in the blood volume response to the augmented fluid by analyzing an arterial blood pressure waveform and the electrocardiogram. Then, the feedback controller determines the amount of fluid to be augmented by comparing targeted versus estimated relative changes in the blood volume. In this way, unlike many previous methods for fluid resuscitation based on indirect surrogate(s) of blood volume, fluid resuscitation can be directly guided by the blood volume response. This paper reports initial design of the closed-loop control system and its simulation-based evaluation in a wide range of hypovolemic and physiologic scenarios. The results suggest that the proposed closed-loop control system is very effective in resuscitation against hypovolemia: in 97 out of 100 simulated hypovolemia, the final blood volume achieved by the control system was within 10% of its optimal value.

scholarly journals Real-Time Low-Cost Speed Monitoring and Control of Three-Phase Induction Motor via a Voltage/Frequency Control Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ali Hmidet ◽  
Olfa Boubaker
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Induction Motor ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Closed Loop Control ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Voltage Frequency

In this paper, a new design of a real-time low-cost speed monitoring and closed-loop control of the three-phase induction motor (IM) is proposed. The proposed solution is based on a voltage/frequency (V/F) control approach and a PI antiwindup regulator. It uses the Waijung Blockset which considerably alleviates the heaviness and the difficulty of the microcontroller’s programming task incessantly crucial for the implementation and the management of such complex applications. Indeed, it automatically generates C codes for many types of microcontrollers like the STM32F4 family, also used in this application. Furthermore, it offers a cost-effective design reducing the system components and increasing its efficiency. To prove the efficiency of the suggested design, not only simulation results are carried out for a wide range of variations in load and reference speed but also experimental assessment. The real-time closed-loop control performances are proved using the aMG SQLite Data Server via the UART port board, whereas Waijung WebPage Designer (W2D) is used for the web monitoring task. Experimental results prove the accuracy and robustness of the proposed solution.

Model based approach to closed loop control of 1-D engine simulation models

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 212-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Cieslar ◽  
Paul Dickinson ◽  
Alex Darlington ◽  
Keith Glover ◽  
Nick Collings
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Closed Loop Control ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Engine Simulation ◽  
Model Based

Model-Based Control of a BCF Mode Carangiform Bioinspired Robotic Fish

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 36-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhra Roy Chowdhury ◽  
Vinoth Kumar ◽  
Bhuneshwar Prasad ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
S.K. Panda
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Robotic Fish ◽  
Closed Loop Control ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Time Simulation ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Swimming Mode ◽  
Ocean Environment

Abstract Bioinspired robotic locomotion in the ocean environment can unveil critical issues on maneuverability, efficiency, and power consumption. This paper describes the modeling and closed-loop control of a bioinspired robotic fish. A body-caudal fin (BCF) carangiform swimming mode is presented. The propulsion scheme simulates the oscillatory motion of fish tail as thrust generator. The manufactured prototype is a 45-cm-long BCF mode four-joint, 6 degree of freedom modular robotic fish with a horizontal caudal fin (tail). The system uses DC servomotors as actuators and is controlled by microcontroller dsPIC33F. The mechanical CAD design in done in Solidworks and its 3D motion simulations in Matlab VRML, respectively. Lagrange-based dynamic modeling is done for the robotic fish. Based on the model, two nonlinear closed-loop control schemes, namely computed torque method and feed-forward control, both with dynamic PD compensation, are evaluated. This paper compares these model-based controllers to match the desired response based on reference angle position and velocity tracking. Real-time simulation results in Matlab/Simulink are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodologies for robotic fish locomotion.

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