A Systematic Method for Design Prototyping

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley Camburn ◽  
Brock Dunlap ◽  
Tanmay Gurjar ◽  
Christopher Hamon ◽  
Matthew Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Scientific Evaluation ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Virtual Prototypes ◽  
Improved Design

Scientific evaluation of prototyping practices is an emerging field in design research. Prototyping is critical to the success of product development efforts, and yet its implementation in practice is often guided by ad hoc experience. To address this need, we seek to advance the study and development of prototyping principles, techniques, and tools. A method to repeatedly enhance the outcome of prototyping efforts is reported in this paper. The research methodology to develop this method is as follows: (1) systematically identify practices that improve prototyping; (2) synthesize these practices to form a guiding method for designers; and (3) validate that the proposed method encourages best practices and improves performance. Prototyping practices are represented as six key heuristics to guide a designer in planning: how many iterations to pursue, how many unique design concepts to explore in parallel, as well as the use of scaled prototypes, isolated subsystem prototypes, relaxed requirements, and virtual prototypes. The method is correlated, through experimental investigation, with increased application of these best practices and improved design performance outcomes. These observations hold across various design problems studied. This method is novel in providing a systematic approach to prototyping.

On the Applicability of Product Variety Design Concepts to Automotive Platform Commonality

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahed Siddique ◽  
David W. Rosen ◽  
Nanxin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mass Customization ◽  
Entire Range ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Product Variety ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Market Segments ◽  
Product Platforms ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Key Characteristics

Abstract The issue of moving from a mass production operating mode to mass customization, or even limited customization, has many companies struggling to reorganize their product architectures. Enabling the production of several related products for different market segments, from a common base, is the focus of the product variety design research area. In this paper, the applicability of product variety design concepts to the design of automotive platforms is explored. Many automotive companies are reducing the number of platforms they utilize across their entire range of cars and trucks in an attempt to reduce development times and costs. To what extent can research on product variety design apply to the problem of platform commonization? This question is explored by comparing product variety design concepts (standardization, modularity, mutability, etc.) to platform structures and requirements. After assessing the applicability of these concepts, a platform representation and methods for measuring platform commonality are proposed that incorporate key characteristics of these concepts. An application to two platforms is included. Although preliminary, this work has led to insight as to why automotive platform commonization is difficult and how product design variety research can potentially aid commonization. The findings are potentially applicable to product platforms in general.

TCS in Action

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
Alison Chappell
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
South China ◽  
Management System ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Industrial Design ◽  
New Products ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Design Management ◽  
Improved Design

UK houseware product suppliers Cannie plc and Brunei University's Design Research Centre established a TCS Programme in 1994. Its objective was to develop an improved design management system for Cannie, at the same time developing several new products over a two-year period. Young graduates taking part in the TCS are eligible to compete for an annual Scholarship giving the opportunity to visit Hong Kong and South China for up to six weeks. The author, an Industrial Design graduate taking part in the Cannie plc TCS, was the winner of a Scholarship that took place in April 1997. She discusses the objectives, achievements and benefits of a trip taken at such a poignant time in the former British colony's history.

scholarly journals A Methodology for Architecture Theory and Practices Research: Design Practices Evaluation Studio

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Fathi Bashier
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Architecture Theory ◽  
The Way

This article presents the initial findings of the design research carried out during the last semester by the master of architecture students at Wollega University, Ethiopia. The research goal is the creation of new knowledge to improve the design process. The dissatisfaction with the outcomes of the conventional design approach has led to rising concern and growing awareness of the need to evaluate design outcomes and to learn from the failure. That inadequate understanding of design problems leads frequently to design failure suggests that the evaluation of design outcomes can be made by assessing the way architects develop understanding of design problems, and how they use that understanding for developing knowledge base of the design process. The assumption is that architects’ understanding of design problems can be assessed by examining the way data is used for developing the knowledge base of the design process. The students surveyed the architects’ views in order to produce knowledge, which can be used to develop methods for discovering how inadequate data contributes to miss-informed design decisions; and methods for assessing the architects’ understanding of design problems. In this article the survey findings are analyzed and documented; and, the way the insight drawn from the inquiry can be used in future research for developing design theory, is discussed.Keywords: design outcomes, failure, evaluation, questionnaire, analyze

scholarly journals PENGALAMAN INTERAKSI TUNANETRA PENGGUNA APLIKASI ANDROID GO-JEK DAN GRAB

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-123
Author(s):  
Desideria Ristiani ◽  
Banung Grahita ◽  
Achmad Syarief
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Sequential Design ◽  
Visual Design ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Visual Elements ◽  
Explanatory Sequential Design ◽  
Mixed Approach ◽  
Visual Element ◽  
Navigation Method

 This study on the interactional experience of people who have visual impairments or disabilities in using Go-jek and GrabAndroid applications employs usability testing using mixed approach. It is an explanatory sequential design research;quantitative data were measured in time, number of errors, Single Ease Question (SEQ) questionnaire score and SystemUsability Scale (SUS) score. They were used to evaluate the usability level of the application, and finger mapping dataand participant comments were used to find more specific problems in the design or look for user patterns. Usabilityevaluation was carried out on 6 sub-applications from Go-jek and Grab companies. Good grouping of visual elementsand the completion of a small task makes usability perceptions increase. Yet, the design problems that make usabilityperception decrease are touch targets that are too small in size, bad visual element grouping, too many items in one page, and unfamiliar operational gestures. This research has also found that high usability score is not always determinedby visual elements. Navigation behavior has an important role in making good usability perception in users with visualimpairment. A problematic visual design could be considered a problem in one navigation method, but not in another.

scholarly journals Strategic Recruiting: A Human Resource Management Case Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn M. Murray ◽  
Arthur K. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Complex Organization ◽  
Student Thought ◽  
Management Case Study

This is a Human Resource Management (HRM) case used to encourage student thought and discussion following a class segment on recruiting.  Midwest Education, Inc.: A Human Resource Management Case is used to exemplify many of the human resource problems encountered in a typical complex organization.  It provides history and background of the company, Midwest Education, Inc. (which is closely modeled after a major developer and supplier of educational materials).  The case presents the three major divisions of the company and shows how each is following a different strategy.  With this background, the case presents the current problems which arise as the company seeks to change from ad hoc recruiting practices to a planned, strategically aligned process.  As the case develops, it is seen that corporate headquarters is challenging the HR directors of each of the operating divisions to address recruiting issues through a systematic approach.  Readers are challenged to determine what issues are most pressing during the recruiting process, and to develop comprehensive recruiting plans for the divisions.

scholarly journals CONCEPT AND ELEMENTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT FOR THE ACTIVITIES OF THE PROSECUTOR'S OFFICE

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Oleh Melnik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Office System

The relevance of the scientific article is due to the reform of the prosecutor's office. In the process of transforming the prosecutor's office system, it is necessary to introduce in its activity modern practices aimed at improving the effectiveness of the prosecutor's office. In this regard, there is a need for scientific study of the organizational support of the prosecutor's office. The purpose of the scientific article is to define the concept and elements of organizational support for the activities of the prosecutor's office. The basis for studying the organizational support of the prosecutor's office is theoretical studies of the organization of work and management in the prosecutor's office. Based on the analysis of the current legislation of Ukraine, as well as scientific sources, organizational support is considered in broad and narrow meanings. Thus, in a wide meaning, this concept can be defined as a complex of all measures, means and resources that are necessary for the operation of the prosecutor's office. Elements of organizational support for the prosecutor's office in a broad sense are: personnel support, information support, financing, logistics, innovative and technological support. In a narrow sense, organizational support provides a set of techniques and means aimed at streamlining the work of the prosecutor's office, ensuring its controllability as a system and effective exercise by prosecutors. So organizational support includes the administration of the prosecutor's office and ensuring work in the prosecutor's office. It was concluded that it is necessary to improve the normative regulation of organizational support for the prosecutor's office in section X of the Law of Ukraine «On the prosecutor's office». At the same time, a systematic approach is important, involving formation of an integrated mechanism of organizational support for the activities of the prosecutor's office and identification of the subjects responsible for this. Perspective directions for further scientific researches within the defined topic of the study are used to analyze individual elements of the prosecutor's office, as well as the study of the best practices of the organization of the prosecutor's office.

Novel zwitterionic Polymer Binder with Enhanced Ionic Conductivity for Water-processable LiFePO4 Cathodes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Huang ◽  
Xiaoting Huang ◽  
Xiaokai Li ◽  
Youyuan Huang ◽  
Xueqin He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Polymer Binder ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Zwitterionic Polymer ◽  
Improved Design ◽  
Olivine Structure

Current olivine structure LiFePO4 possesses poor conductivity, which makes it unsuitable for unparalleled battery applications. This issue can be solved by improved design concepts of binder systems. Herein, an original...

Culturally Significant Signs, Symbols, and Philosophical Belief Systems within E-Learning Environments

2012 ◽  
pp. 210-243
Author(s):  
Caroline M. Crawford ◽  
Ruth Gannon Cook
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Design ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Narrative Inquiry ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Shed Light

The contextual backdrop of the problem and goal of the study are based within the framework that the researchers wanted to be sure that the courses were unique in their appropriateness to their respective cultures; but they also wanted to see if the course adaptations provided cultural values and perspectives that were fairly consistent and appropriate across cultures and nations. The methodology is qualitative in nature, specifically focused upon development design research and narrative inquiry. The findings suggest that there were several levels of concern: learner concerns; instructional design or teaching concerns; management and organizational concerns; and, technology concerns. This study has addressed the question “what lessons could be learned from semiotic and philosophical instructional imperatives inclusion within e-learning environments?” As such, the interpretation of the findings of the study shed light on the importance of simple mediation tools, such as signs, symbols, and stories. The implications of the findings indicate that more research could shed light on how to help students feel comfortable enough to follow through and complete their e-learning courses. In viewing best practices for e-learning, students’ existent knowledge can be bridged with what they need to know by using a variety of the semiotic tools discussed in this study.

Culturally Significant Signs, Symbols, and Philosophical Belief Systems within E-Learning Environments

2011 ◽  
pp. 44-72
Author(s):  
Caroline M. Crawford ◽  
Ruth Gannon Cook
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Design ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Narrative Inquiry ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Shed Light

The contextual backdrop of the problem and goal of the study are based within the framework that the researchers wanted to be sure that the courses were unique in their appropriateness to their respective cultures; but they also wanted to see if the course adaptations provided cultural values and perspectives that were fairly consistent and appropriate across cultures and nations. The methodology is qualitative in nature, specifically focused upon development design research and narrative inquiry. The findings suggest that there were several levels of concern: learner concerns; instructional design or teaching concerns; management and organizational concerns; and, technology concerns. This study has addressed the question “what lessons could be learned from semiotic and philosophical instructional imperatives inclusion within e-learning environments?” As such, the interpretation of the findings of the study shed light on the importance of simple mediation tools, such as signs, symbols, and stories. The implications of the findings indicate that more research could shed light on how to help students feel comfortable enough to follow through and complete their e-learning courses. In viewing best practices for e-learning, students’ existent knowledge can be bridged with what they need to know by using a variety of the semiotic tools discussed in this study.

Investigating Sociocultural Issues in Instructional Design Practice and Research

2011 ◽  
pp. 49-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katy Campbell ◽  
Richard A. Schwier ◽  
Heather Kanuka
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Design ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Instructional Designer ◽  
Instructional Designers ◽  
Culturally Appropriate ◽  
Social Difference ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Values And Beliefs

This chapter is a narrative account of the process involved to initiate a program of research to explore how instructional designers around the world use design to make a social difference locally and globally. The central research question was, “Are there social and political purposes for design that are culturally based?” A growing body of research is concerned with the design of culturally appropriate learning resources and environments, but the focus of this research is the instructional designer as the agent of the design. Colloquially put, if, as has been suggested, we tend to design for ourselves, we should understand the sociocultural influences on us and how they inform our practices. We should also develop respect for, and learn from, how various global cultures address similar design problems differently. The authors report the results of a preliminary investigation held with instructional designers from ten countries to examine culturally situated values and practices of instructional design, describe the research protocol developed to expand the investigation internationally, and share emerging issues for instructional design research with international colleagues. In this chapter, the authors link their earlier work on instructional designer agency with the growing research base on instructional design for multicultural and/or international learners. This research takes the shape of user-centred design and visual design; international curriculum development, particularly in online or distance learning; and emphasis on culturally appropriate interactions. We have suggested that instructional designers’ identity, including their values and beliefs about the purpose of design, are pivotal to the design problems they choose to work on, the contexts in which they choose to practice, and with whom. Our interest in the culture of design, then, is less process-based (how to do it) than interrogative (why we do it the way we do). And that has led us to ask, “Is there one culture of instructional design, or are there many, and how are these cultures embodied in instructional designers’ practice?” The idea of design culture is well established. Most notably, investigations of professional culture have attracted significant attention (Boling, 2006; Hill, J., et. al., 2005; Snelbecker, 1999). These investigations have concentrated on how different professions, such as architecture, drama, engineering and fine art approach design differently, with the goal of informing the practice of design in instructional design (ID). The decision-making processes of design professionals have also been illuminated by scholars like Donald Schon (1983) who described knowing-in-action and suggested the link between experience, (sociocultural) context, and intuition with design made visible through reflective practice.

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