Liquid Metal Based Stretchable Radiation-Shielding Film

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueguang Deng ◽  
Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Metal Film ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lead Particle ◽  
Temperature Liquid ◽  
Shielding Material ◽  
Better Than

We reported a stretchable and flexible radiation-shielding film based on room-temperature liquid metal. Conceptual experiments showed that the liquid metal based printing technology can achieve an ultrathin flexible radiation-shielding film with a thickness of 0.3 mm. Moreover, the yield strength and ultimate strength of the liquid metal film appear much better than those of a conventional lead-particle-containing radiation-shielding material. In order to evaluate the radiation-shielding performance of the liquid metal material, X-ray radiation experiments to compare the liquid metal film and conventional lead-particle-based shielding material under different stretching conditions were performed. The results indicate that the liquid metal shielding film could achieve a certain radiation-shielding performance. Furthermore, because of the screen-printing properties of liquid metal, a low-cost X-ray mask method using a liquid metal selective radiation-shielding film was also studied, which could serve as a highly efficient and practical method for the medical X-ray shielding applications or semiconductor lithography industry.

The Production of Reduced Graphene Oxide by a Low-Cost Vacuum System for Supercapacitor Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 930 ◽  
pp. 609-612
Author(s):  
Quezia Cardoso ◽  
Franks Martins Silva ◽  
Ligia Silverio Vieira ◽  
Julio Cesar Serafim Casini ◽  
Solange Kazume Sakata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Vacuum System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pump Pressure

Graphene has attracted significant interest because of its excellent electrical properties. However, a practical method for producing graphene on a large scale is yet to be developed. Graphene oxide (GO) can be partially reduced to graphene-like sheets by removing the oxygen-containing groups and recovering the conjugated structure. GO can be produced using inexpensive graphite as the raw material via cost-effective chemical methods. High vacuum and temperature (10−7 mbar and 1100°C, respectively) conditions are well-known to enable the preparation of reduced powder at the laboratory scale. However, a large-scale high vacuum reduction system that can be routinely operated at 10−7 mbar requires considerable initial capital as well as substantial operational and maintenance costs. The current study aims at developing an inexpensive method for the large-scale reduction of graphene oxide. A stainless steel vessel was evacuated to backing-pump pressure (10−2 mbar) and used to process GO at a range of temperatures. The reduction of GO powder at low vacuum pressures was attempted and investigated by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The experimental results of processing GO powder at various temperatures (200–1000°C) at relatively low pressures are reported. The microstructures of the processed materials were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and chemical microanalyses via energy dispersive X-ray analysis.

A near-ambient-temperature-control cell for use with synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction

1995 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 651-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Cernik ◽  
S. R. Craig ◽  
K. J. Roberts ◽  
J. N. Sherwood
Keyword(s):  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Control Cell ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Free Rotation ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rotator Phase ◽  
Better Than

A low-cost cell has been designed and built for synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction studies of materials with low melting points. The cell has been operated between 253 and 323 K with a temperature stability of better than 0.1 K. The construction of the cell allows free rotation of the sample during a scan in order to maximize the number of powder grains in the reflecting position. The cell has been used to study a transition from an ordered to a rotator phase in hexadecane occurring at 278 K and the results from that study are reported.

scholarly journals The gamma radiation shielding effectiveness of textured steel yarn based fabrics

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (01) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
ÖZDEMIR HAKAN ◽  
CAMGÖZ BERKAY
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Personal Protection ◽  
Shielding Effectiveness ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lead Shielding ◽  
Shielding Material

Lead aprons that are lead-shielding products are generally used for personal protection of physicians and patients from X-ray (gamma) radiation during medical operations; lead has environmental disadvantages, with high toxicity, though. Therefore, the aim of this research was to produce an environmentally friendly and flexible textile-based radiation shielding material. In this work, 2/2 twill, 3/1 twill, Herringbone, Whipcord, which are twill derivatives, Barathea and Crêpe woven fabrics, which are sateen derivatives, woven with textured steel yarns, which have soft feeling and flexibility, and gamma radiation shielding effectiveness of these fabrics were investigated and were not studied in the references. The effects of fabric structural characteristics such as weave, conductive weft yarn density, fabric thickness and porosity on these properties were analysed graphically and statistically. It is observed that with the biggest thicknesses and lowest porosities, Barathea and Crêpe woven fabrics performed better gamma radiation shielding performance than other woven fabrics. The samples F1 and E1, woven with Barathea and Crêpe weave, have the highest gamma radiation shielding effectiveness, thanks to the highest fabric thicknesses and lowest porosities. In addition, the increases of textured steel yarn density improved the gamma radiation shielding effectiveness of woven fabrics.

scholarly journals Research on textile materials for X-ray shielding

2021 ◽  
Vol 290 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Dong Liang ◽  
Fu Shen ◽  
Zizhen Bao ◽  
Yuchen Liu ◽  
Honghui Li
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Nuclear Technology ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Technology Applications ◽  
Lead Shielding ◽  
Shielding Material ◽  
Better Than

X-ray radioactive rays are widely used with the continuous development of radioactive medicine and nuclear technology applications, as well as lead shielding material pollutions new no lead shielding material was needed. In this paper, the main properties of metal tungsten and bismuth as X-ray shielding materials were studied for the protection people avoid the 150 kV X-rays by the Monte Carlo method is used to study. According to simulation with 2 kg/m2, results show that performance of single metal material tungsten iron is superior to that of bismuth material. Tungsten-bismuth better than bismuth-tungsten with the case of equal-quality double-layer metal. The protection performance is better when the metal-mixed tungsten-bismuth ratio is 0.5: 0.5 or the tungsten ratio is large. The research provides effective support for the development of textile radiation protection materials.

scholarly journals LDPE/Bismuth Oxide Nanocomposite: Preparation, Characterization and Application in X-ray Shielding

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3081
Author(s):  
Saad Alshahri ◽  
Mohammed Alsuhybani ◽  
Eid Alosime ◽  
Mansour Almurayshid ◽  
Alhanouf Alrwais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bismuth Oxide ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Pure Lead ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
Real Practice

Recently developed polymer-based composites could prove useful in many applications such as in radiation shielding. In this work, the potential of a bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) nanofiller based on an LDPE polymer was developed as lead-free X-ray radiation shielding offering the benefits of lightness, low-cost and non-toxic compared to pure lead. Three different LDPE-based composites were prepared with varying weight percentages of Bi2O3: 5%, 10% and 15%. The characterizations were extended to include structural properties, physical features, mechanical and thermal properties, and radiation shielding efficiency for the prepared nanocomposites. The results revealed that the incorporation of the Bi2O3 nanofiller into an LDPE improved the density of the composites. There was also a slight increase in the tensile strength and tensile modulus. In addition, there was a clear improvement in the efficiency of the shield when fillers were added to the LDPE polymer. The LDPE + Bi2O3 (15%) composite needed the lowest thickness to attenuate 50% of the incident X-rays. The LDPE + Bi2O3 (15%) polymer can also block around 80% of X-rays at 47.9 keV. In real practice, a thicker shield of the proposed composite materials, or a higher percentage of the filler could be employed to safely ensure the radiation is blocked.

A scanning CCD detector for powder diffraction measurements

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 1058-1063
Author(s):  
B. H. Toby ◽  
T. J. Madden ◽  
M. R. Suchomel ◽  
J. D. Baldwin ◽  
R. B. Von Dreele
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Source Image ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Analyzer Crystal ◽  
Ccd Detector ◽  
Position Sensitive ◽  
Position Sensitive Detectors ◽  
Better Than

Several different approaches have traditionally been used for detection of X-ray powder diffraction patterns, including area detectors, point detectors and position-sensitive detectors. Each has advantages. This paper discusses use of a low-cost CCD detector attached to a diffractometer arm, where line-by-line readout of the CCD is coupled to continuous motion of the arm. When this type of detector is used and where X-ray optics are employed to focus the source image onto the detector plane both high-resolution and rapid measurements can be performed, with data collection over a complete 2θ range. This is particularly advantageous for synchrotron applications but valuable also for Guinier diffractometer laboratory instruments. Peak resolutions are shown to be moderately better than what can be obtained with a position-sensitive detector and significantly better than with an area detector. Many samples have intrinsically broadened peak shapes for which little improvement in data quality could be obtained with an analyzer-crystal detector. With comparable numbers of modules, these CCD data collection speeds can be close to those with position-sensitive detectors, but without the low-angle asymmetry seen in the latter.

Study of Liquid Metal Based Thermal Micro-System for On-Chip Cell Culture Purpose

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Gao ◽  
Lin Gui
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Temperature Sensor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Protein Crystallization ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Temperature Liquid ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Accurate Temperature Control

Room temperature liquid metal has been widely used in many MEMS applications, such as integrated heaters, sensors, electrodes and stretchable wires. Injecting the liquid metal into microchannels provides a simple, rapid and low-cost way to fabricate micro heaters and sensors. The liquid-metal-filled microstructures can be designed in any shape and easily integrated into micro devices. In this study, a liquid-metal based thermal micro-system was proposed for on-chip cell culture purpose. The thermal micro-system consisted of two same microchannels filled with the liquid metal as electrical heaters. At the same time, the heater also worked as a resistance temperature sensor to control the heating process. The temperature sensor was calibrated from 20 °C to 70 °C to give an accurate temperature control for the microsystem. To justify whether this micro-system is capable of providing a uniform temperature distribution, Rhodamine B was filled into the micro cell culture chamber of interest to monitor the temperature distribution. Thermal analysis was numerically carried out to reveal the temperature field of the chip. This thermal micro-system has great potential use in many microfluidic applications, such as on-chip PCR, temperature gradient focusing, protein crystallization or chemical synthesis.

Possibility and Mechanism Study of Liquid-Metal Based Micro Electroosmotic Flow Pumps for Long-Time Running Purpose

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Gao ◽  
Lin Gui
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Electroosmotic Flow ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mechanism Study ◽  
Small Current ◽  
Implantable Medical Devices ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Temperature Liquid ◽  
Flow Pump ◽  
Gallium Alloy

This work is a further study of our previous work on liquid-metal based micro electroosmotic flow pump. Injection of room temperature liquid metal (gallium alloy) into microchannels can provide a simple, rapid and low-cost technique for electrode fabrication of electroosmotic flow pumps. In the micro electroosmotic flow pump, the electrode channels are fabricated symmetrically to both sides of the pumping channel in the same horizontal level. In the micropump, PDMS was used to fabricate the microfluidic chip and the liquid metal channel was separated from the pumping channel by a PDMS gap (≤40μm). Although the PDMS is insulative, small current was still found when voltage was applied on the electrodes and the electrical field successfully drove the fluid in the pumping channel. This liquid-metal based micropump can be very easy for fabrication and integration. This study is focused on the possibility and mechanism study of this liquid-metal based EOF pump to see if it can be used for long-time running. The experimental study shows that the pump works very stable and perfect for long-time running applications such as implantable medical devices.

scholarly journals Construction of a Medical Radiation-Shielding Environment by Analyzing the Weaving Characteristics and Shielding Performance of Shielding Fibers Using X-ray-Impermeable Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1705
Author(s):  
Seon-Chil Kim
Keyword(s):  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spinning Process ◽  
Radiation Shields ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Radiation Use ◽  
Shielding Material

As the scope of radiation use in medical and industrial fields has expanded, interest in radiation shielding is increasing. Most existing radiation shields use Pb-based products, primarily in the form of a laminated sheet, which requires attention as fine cracks may occur depending on the usage and storage conditions. The weight of the sheets limits users’ activities, and they pose a risk of heavy metal contamination. To address these problems, this study proposed a shielding fiber with improved flexibility and workability, and thus, produce a shielding garment. Masterbatches of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber were manufactured using the eco-friendly materials, BaSO4 and Bi2O3. Yarns were fabricated by the melt spinning process, and fabrics were woven. With 5 wt% of shielding material, the yarns’ shield against radiation and was sufficiently strong for fabric weaving. The fibers’ radiation shielding averaged 9–13%, with the Bi2O3 fiber displaying better shielding performance than the BaSO4. It is believed that the findings of this study on improving the yarn manufacturing process could be applied for protection against low-dose and scattered rays in medical applications and for aerospace radiation protection. In addition, the proposed shielding fibers’ flexibility makes them suitable for future use in the production of various radiation shields.

Low cost radiation shielding material for low energy radiation applications: Epoxy/Yahyali Stone composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 103703
Author(s):  
Nazlıcan Şahin ◽  
Merve Bozkurt ◽  
Yaşar Karabul ◽  
Mehmet Kılıç ◽  
Zeynep Güven Özdemir
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Energy Radiation ◽  
Shielding Material
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document