Investigation of Bulging Behavior of Coke Drum: Feasible Study on Causes of Bulging

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Ohata ◽  
Nana Kawai ◽  
Tetsuya Tagawa ◽  
Fumiyoshi Minami ◽  
Toshiya Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cooling Water ◽  
Large Strains ◽  
Shell Wall ◽  
Shell Surface ◽  
Operating Cycle ◽  
Plastic Distortion ◽  
Rate Of Cooling ◽  
Analytical Result ◽  
Feasible Study ◽  
Rapid Drop

Coke drums undergo cyclic operations typically in the temperature range from ambient temperature to about 500 °C (930 °F). During quenching, the coke drum is inevitably subjected to a rapid drop in temperature because cooling water is injected directly into the coke drum through the bottom inlet nozzle. The temperature profile on the shell surface is no more uneven in quenching, and can vary in each cycle of quenching operation. Such complicate thermal profile induces large strains in the shell portion of the coke drum, and eventually causes damage like bulging or cracking. This study makes investigations into the bulging behavior of the coke drum by the thermal elastic-plastic FE-analysis. In this work, a feasible study is conducted on potential causes of bulging. As factors inducing a heterogeneous plasticity in the shell structure of the coke drum, the strength overmatch of welds and the uneven temperature field in quenching as well as quenching conditions are focused. The analytical result shows that strength overmatch in girth seam welds can be one of the causes of plastic distortion under one operating cycle. The lower rising rate of cooling source can induce plastic straining over the whole shell wall, which tends to induce more remarkable plastic distortion.

Investigation of Bulging Behavior of Coke Drum: Feasible Study on Causes of Bulging

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Ohata ◽  
Nana Kawai ◽  
Tetsuya Tagawa ◽  
Fumiyoshi Minami ◽  
Toshiya Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Temperature Profile ◽  
Shell Structure ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Fe Analysis ◽  
Large Strains ◽  
Shell Surface ◽  
Feasible Study ◽  
Rapid Drop

Coke drums undergo cyclic operations typically in the temperature range from ambient temperature to about 500°C (930°F). During quenching, the coke drum is inevitably subjected to a rapid drop in temperature because cooling water is injected directly into the coke drum through the bottom inlet nozzle. The temperature profile on the shell surface is no more uneven in quenching, and can vary in each cycle of quenching operation. Such complicate thermal profile induces large strains in the shell portion of the coke drum, and eventually causes damage like bulging or cracking. This study makes investigations into the bulging behavior of the coke drum by the thermal elastic-plastic FE-analysis. In this work, a feasible study is conducted on potential causes of bulging. As factors inducing a heterogeneous plasticity in the shell structure of the coke drum, the strength overmatch of welds and the uneven temperature field in quenching as well as quenching conditions are focused.

Investigation of Bulging Behavior of Coke Drum—A Practical Analysis of Bulging Under Complex Quench Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiya Yamamoto ◽  
Kazuaki Arii ◽  
Shinta Niimoto ◽  
Mitsuru Ohata ◽  
Tetsuya Tagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Profile ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Fe Analysis ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Large Strains ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Actual Operation ◽  
Feasible Study ◽  
Temperature Strain ◽  
Rapid Drop

Coke drums undergo cyclic operations typically in the temperature range from room temperature to about 500 °C (930 °F). During quenching, the coke drum is inevitably subjected to a rapid drop in temperature because cooling water is injected directly into the coke drum through the bottom inlet nozzle. The temperature profile on the shell surface is uneven during quenching, and can vary in each cycle of the quenching operation. Such a complicated thermal profile induces large strains in the shell portion of the coke drum, and eventually causes damage like bulging and/or cracking. The authors have investigated the bulging behavior of the coke drum by the thermal elastic-plastic finite element (FE)-analysis, considering the existence of the overmatch welds and uneven temperature field during quenching (Ohata et al., 2011, “Investigation of Bulging Behavior of Coke Drum—Feasible Study on Causes of Bulging,” ASME PVP2011-57276, Baltimore). In this paper, a practical FE-analysis is developed to estimate the complex strain that leads to bulging under uneven temperature fields during quenching. The actual temperature and strain data during operation are collected by thermocouples and high temperature strain gauges. A thermal analysis model, including an evaluation of boiling heat transfer on the shell's inner surface, is established to simulate the measured shell behavior of the coke drum. By utilizing this FE-analysis model, several parameters thought of as causal factors in bulging can be examined under the uneven temperature profile that is likely to occur during actual operation. This analytical approach can also provide effective technique for improvements in shell durability.

Investigation of Bulging Behavior of Coke Drum: A Practical Analysis of Bulging Under Complex Quench Conditions

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiya Yamamoto ◽  
Kazuaki Arii ◽  
Huhetaoli ◽  
Shinta Niimoto ◽  
Mitsuru Ohata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Profile ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Fe Analysis ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Large Strains ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Strain Data ◽  
Actual Operation ◽  
Temperature Strain ◽  
Rapid Drop

Coke drums undergo cyclic operations typically in the temperature range from room temperature to about 500°C (930°F). During quenching, the coke drum is inevitably subjected to a rapid drop in temperature because cooling water is injected directly into the coke drum through the bottom inlet nozzle. The temperature profile on the shell surface is uneven during quenching, and can vary in each cycle of the quenching operation. Such a complicated thermal profile induces large strains in the shell portion of the coke drum, and eventually causes damage like bulging and/or cracking. The authors have investigated the bulging behavior of the coke drum by the thermal elastic-plastic FE-analysis, considering the existence of the overmatch welds and uneven temperature field during quenching [1]. In this paper, a practical FE-analysis is developed to estimate the complex strain that leads to bulging under uneven temperature fields during quenching. The actual temperature and strain data during operation are collected by thermocouples and high temperature strain gauges. A thermal analysis model, including an evaluation of boiling heat transfer on the shell’s inner surface, is established to simulate the measured shell behavior of the coke drum. By utilizing this FE-analysis model, several parameters thought of as causal factors in bulging can be examined under the uneven temperature profile that is likely to occur during actual operation. This analytical approach can also provide effective technique for improvements in shell durability.

Application Performance of Super Ferrite Stainless Steel on Condenser in Power Plant

2014 ◽  
Vol 651-653 ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Xiao Rui Guan ◽  
Da Lei Zhang ◽  
You Hai Jin
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Electrochemical Test ◽  
Application Performance ◽  
Shock Resistance ◽  
Rate Of Cooling ◽  
Better Than

The application performances of TA2 titanium\S44660 super ferrite stainless steel\B30 cupronickel, which are widely used in power plant, were researched using electrochemical test and mechanical test. The results show that corrosion resistance of B30 is significantly lower than TA2 and S44660. Besides, corrosion resistance of S44660 is superior to TA2. Yield strength and tensile strength of S44660 is higher than TA2 and B30. When considering thickness of cooling tubes, flow rate of cooling water and clean coefficient, the thermal conductivity of three materials have little differences. The shock resistance of S44660 is better than TA2 and B30. S44660 contains a small amount of Ni, which improves greatly the anti-cracking ability of the base metal and welding bead.

Research on the Coupling Relations of the Possible Factors Affecting Ammonia Nanofluid Bubbling Absorption

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 866-871
Author(s):  
Wei Dong Wu ◽  
Hua Zhang ◽  
Wei Sheng ◽  
Zeng Yang Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Solution ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Pressure Solution ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Absorption Effect ◽  
Ammonia Water ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Rate Of Cooling

Bubbling absorption experiments of ammonia water(NH3/H2O) solution added with FeO nano-particles were carried out in some conditions. The results showed that the absorption effect of the ammonia-water solution with the nano-particles was improved. The several key factors affecting the absorption process, such as preparing of nanofluid, absorption pressure, solution temperature and the flow rate of cooling water, were also analyzed, repectively, and finally it was pointed out that there exist certain possible coupling relations between these influencing factors.

Corrosion Degradation of Steel Pipes in Indirect Cooling Circuit of Gas Cleaning

2014 ◽  
Vol 811 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Mária Hagarová ◽  
Jana Cervová ◽  
Marek Vojtko
Keyword(s):  
Outer Surface ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Cooling Circuit ◽  
Gas Cleaning ◽  
Steel Pipes ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
Rate Of Cooling ◽  
Inside Part

The paper deals with corrosion damage to steel pipes which were a part of the indirect cooling circuit of gas cleaning. The pipes were made from steel ASTM A106 Gr.B. The outer surface of pipes of the inside part of the circuit was affected by flue gases with mean temperature of approximately 1200 °C. The pipes of the outside part of the circuit were exposed to outer environment with mean temperature of about 25 °C. The cooling water flowing in these pipes had mean temperature of about 20 °C and contained a corrosion inhibitor based on zinc chloride (with addition of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid and PBTC). Flow rate of cooling water was 3700 m3/h, its total volume 1500 m3, and the pressure of cooling water was 600 kPa. The achieved thickening of cooling water was N=4. Side filtering was accomplished by a filter DPF 4000. The pipes of the cooling circuit were welded to each other, which initiated stress stimulating development of cracks on the outer surface of pipes in the heat-affected zone, Fig.1. The existing technological conditions resulted in formation of deposits on the outer pipe surfaces. Their presence changed thermal conditions in steel pipes.

A SYSTEM FOR PROTECTING AN OIL DIFFUSION PUMP AGAINST FAILURE OF THE MECHANICAL FORE PUMP, COOLING WATER, OR ELECTRICITY

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 344-345
Author(s):  
W. C. Bigelow ◽  
F. B. Drogosz ◽  
S. Nitschke
Keyword(s):  
High Vacuum ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
Pump Line ◽  
Diffusion Pump ◽  
System Pressure ◽  
Control Relay ◽  
Vacuum Systems ◽  
Vacuum Gage ◽  
Pressure Switch

High vacuum systems with oil diffusion pumps usually have a pressure switch to protect against Insufficient cooling water; however, If left unattended for long periods of time, failure of the mechanical fore pump can occur with equally serious results. The device shown schematically in Fig. 1 has been found to give effective protection against both these failures, yet it is inexpensive and relatively simple to build and operate.With this system, pressure in the fore pump line is measured by thermocouple vacuum gage TVG (CVC G.TC-004) whose output is monitored by meter relay MRy (Weston 1092 Sensitrol) which is set to close if the pressure rises above about 0.2 torr. This energizes control relay CRy (Potter & Brumfield KA5Y 120VAC SPDT) cutting off power to solenoid-operated fore line valve Vf (Cenco 94280-4 Norm. Closed) which closes to prevent further leakage of air into the diffusion pump

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