An Improved Nickel Based MIMS Thermocouple for High Temperature Gas Turbine Applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Scervini ◽  
Catherine Rae
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Material Science ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
Type K ◽  
Metallurgical Analysis ◽  
The University ◽  
High Temperature Gas

A new nickel based thermocouple for high temperature applications in gas turbines has been devised at the Department of Material Science and Metallurgy of the University of Cambridge. This paper describes the new features of the thermocouple, the drift tests on the first prototype, and compares the behavior of the new sensor with conventional mineral insulated metal sheathed Type K thermocouples: the new thermocouple has a significant improvement in terms of drift and temperature capabilities. Metallurgical analysis has been undertaken on selected sections of the thermocouples exposed at high temperatures, which rationalizes the reduced drift of the new sensor. A second prototype will be tested in subsequent research, from which further improvements in drift and temperature capabilities are expected.

An Improved Nickel Based MIMS Thermocouple for High Temperature Gas Turbine Applications

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Scervini ◽  
Catherine Rae
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Material Science ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
Type K ◽  
Metallurgical Analysis ◽  
The University ◽  
High Temperature Gas

A new Nickel based thermocouple for high temperature applications in gas turbines has been devised at the Department of Material Science and Metallurgy of the University of Cambridge. This paper describes the new features of the thermocouple, the drift tests on the first prototype and compares the behaviour of the new sensor with conventional mineral insulated metal sheathed Type K thermocouples: the new thermocouple has a significant improvement in terms of drift and temperature capabilities. Metallurgical analysis has been undertaken on selected sections of the thermocouples exposed at high temperatures which rationalises the reduced drift of the new sensor. A second prototype will be tested in follow-on research, from which further improvements in drift and temperature capabilities are expected.

scholarly journals Gas Turbine Power Plant Possibilities With a Nuclear Heat Source: Closed and Open Cycles

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin F. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
Nuclear Heat ◽  
High Temperature Gas

With the capability of burning a variety of fossil fuels, giving high thermal efficiency, and operating with low emissions, the gas turbine is becoming a major prime-mover for a wide spectrum of applications. Almost three decades ago two experimental projects were undertaken in which gas turbines were actually operated with heat from nuclear reactors. In retrospect, these systems were ahead of their time in terms of technology readiness, and prospects of the practical coupling of a gas turbine with a nuclear heat source towards the realization of a high efficiency, pollutant free, dry-cooled power plant has remained a long-term goal, which has been periodically studied in the last twenty years. Technology advancements in both high temperature gas-cooled reactors, and gas turbines now make the concept of a nuclear gas turbine plant realizable. Two possible plant concepts are highlighted in this paper, (1) a direct cycle system involving the integration of a closed-cycle helium gas turbine with a modular high temperature gas cooled reactor (MHTGR), and (2) the utilization of a conventional and proven combined cycle gas turbine, again with the MHTGR, but now involving the use of secondary (helium) and tertiary (air) loops. The open cycle system is more equipment intensive and places demanding requirements on the very high temperature heat exchangers, but has the merit of being able to utilize a conventional combined cycle turbo-generator set. In this paper both power plant concepts are put into perspective in terms of categorizing the most suitable applications, highlighting their major features and characteristics, and identifying the technology requirements. The author would like to dedicate this paper to the late Professor Karl Bammert who actively supported deployment of the closed-cycle gas turbine for several decades with a variety of heat sources including fossil, solar, and nuclear systems.

Progress in the Development of Low Drift Nickel Based Thermocouples for High Temperature Applications

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Scervini
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Thermal Cycling ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
The University ◽  
New Sensors ◽  
Low Drift ◽  
Temperature Applications

Recent progresses on the new Nickel based thermocouples for high temperature applications developed at the Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy of the University of Cambridge are described in this paper. Isothermal drift at temperatures above 1000°C as a function of the thermocouple diameter has been studied for both conventional Nickel based thermocouples and the new Nickel based thermocouple. The new Nickel based thermocouple experiences a much reduced drift compared to conventional sensors. Tests in thermal cyclic conditions have been undertaken on conventional and new Nickel based thermocouples, showing a clear improvement for the new sensors at temperatures both higher and lower than 1000°C. The improvements achievable with the new Nickel based thermocouple in both isothermal and thermal cycling conditions suggest that the new sensor can be used at high temperatures, where current conventional sensors are not reliable, as well as at temperatures lower than 1000°C with improved performance compared to conventional sensors.

Towards an Improved Lifing Methodology for Thermocouple Probes Used in Gas Turbines

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Scervini ◽  
Catherine Rae ◽  
Richard Page ◽  
Mark Rudkin ◽  
Daniel Loveless ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
Engineering Data ◽  
Metallurgical Analysis ◽  
Complex Engineering ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The University

The reliability of temperature probes in gas turbines is dependent on their capability to withstand the harsh environment they experience when installed in an engine. The severe conditions sensors experience during operation requires the use of appropriate methodologies to assess their life. During the ALPHET project the University of Cambridge and Esterline Advanced Sensors have been working on developing an advanced lifing methodology: in order to predict the life of thermocouple probes used in gas turbines, this combines accelerated laboratory tests based on the salt deposition method, combustor rig tests, metallurgical analysis of probes returned after engine service and information extracted from their associated temperature data acquired during their long term operation in aero gas turbines. The work included analysis of materials used in current temperature probes and investigation of advanced materials for future thermocouple sensors that will work at temperatures higher than today’s probes. This paper will summarise the main features of the improved lifing methodology and the challenges associated with the use of complex engineering data obtained from engines.

The High Temperature Turbo-jet Engine

1956 ◽  
Vol 60 (549) ◽  
pp. 563-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Ainley
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Axial Flow ◽  
Jet Engine ◽  
Gas Turbine Blades ◽  
Turbine Design ◽  
The University ◽  
Transfer Problems

The 985th Lecture to be given before the Society, “ The High Temperature Turbo-jet Engine ” by D. G. Ainley, B.Sc, A.M.I.Mech.E., A.F.R.Ae.S., was given at the Institution of Civil Engineers, Great George St., London, S.W.I on 15th March 1956, with Mr. N. E. Rowe, C.B.E., D.I.C., F.C.G.I., F.I.A.S., F.R.Ae.S., in the Chair. Introducing the Lecturer, Mr. Rowe said that Mr. Ainley had been working on gas turbines since 1943 when he joined the gas turbine division of the Royal Aircraft Establishment. He transferred to Power Jets Ltd. and later to the National Gas Turbine Establishment. His early work was associated with the development of axial flow compressors, contraction design and so on; he then transferred to turbine design, became head of the section dealing with turbine and heat transfer problems and for the past five or six years had been chiefly engaged on the cooling of gas turbine blades. Mr. Ainley graduated from the University of London, Queen Mary College, with first class honours. In 1953 he was awarded the George Stephenson Research Prize by the Institution of Mechanical Engineers.

The Problem of High Temperature Alloys for Gas Turbines

1948 ◽  
Vol 52 (445) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
William T. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Mechanical Equipment ◽  
Aircraft Engines ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
High Temperature Alloys

It is now a matter of history that the development of an efficient gas turbine for use in aircraft engines had to await the availability of materials with the properties which would give an adequate life under the conditions which have to be imposed for efficient and economic service. These conditions are, of their type, more severe than any so far imposed on materials in other mechanical equipment. For efficient operation the gases employed in the turbine must be at a high temperature and the flow of gas passing through must be large. In aircraft engines also, the turbine must operate at high speed, with the resulting accompaniment of high stresses. It was to the metallurgist that the engineer naturally turned first for materials to meet these conditions of high temperatures and high stresses and, although some attention has been given to non-metallic substances, the problem still remains essentially a metallurgical one.

Brittle Materials Design, High Temperature Gas Turbine

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur F. McLean ◽  
Eugene A. Fisher ◽  
Raymond J. Bratton ◽  
Donald G. Miller
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Brittle Materials ◽  
Materials Design ◽  
High Temperature Gas

scholarly journals Gas Turbine Powered Campus Update

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (05) ◽  
pp. 46-48
Author(s):  
Lee S. Langston
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Educational Benefits ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
The University

An updated report is given on the University of Connecticut’s gas turbine combined heat and power plant, now in operation for 13 years after its start in 2006. It has supplied the Storrs Campus with all of its electricity, heating and cooling needs, using three gas turbines that are the heart of the CHP plant. In addition to saving more than $180 million over its projected 40 year life, the CHP plant provides educational benefits for the University.

Modified zirconia abradable seal coating for high temperature gas turbine applications

1982 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Novinski ◽  
J. Harrington ◽  
J. Klein
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Temperature Gas

Development and Fabrication of Silicon Nitride Components for Ceramic Gas Turbine

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Makino ◽  
Ken-Ichi Mizuno ◽  
Toru Shimamori
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Power Turbine

NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. has been developing various silicon nitride materials, and the technology for fabricating components for ceramic gas turbines (CGT) using theses materials. We are supplying silicon nitride material components for the project to develop 300 kW class CGT for co-generation in Japan. EC-152 was developed for components that require high strength at high temperature, such as turbine blades and turbine nozzles. In order to adapt the increasing of the turbine inlet temperature (TIT) up to 1,350 °C in accordance with the project goals, we developed two silicon nitride materials with further unproved properties: ST-1 and ST-2. ST-1 has a higher strength than EC-152 and is suitable for first stage turbine blades and power turbine blades. ST-2 has higher oxidation resistance than EC-152 and is suitable for power turbine nozzles. In this paper, we report on the properties of these materials, and present the results of evaluations of these materials when they are actually used for CGT components such as first stage turbine blades and power turbine nozzles.

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