Optimization of Heating Temperature History for Anisotropic Conductive Film Interconnection

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasutada Nakagawa ◽  
Ryohei Yokoyama
Keyword(s):  
Global Optimization ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Temperature History ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Anisotropic Conductive Film ◽  
Conductive Film ◽  
Optimization Parameters ◽  
Connection Length ◽  
Conductive Particles

Anisotropic conductive film (ACF) interconnection is used for mounting electronic components, because this method can decrease the mounting area and electric connection length, as well as the thermal stress in the connecting area. An ACF comprises thermosetting resin and conductive particles. The resin is heated and its curing rate and viscosity changes complexly with the heating temperature during the process. There are several requirements for the heating temperature history from the industrial viewpoint such as the reliability of adhesion and energy efficiency. These requirements are related to the curing rate and the viscosity of the resin. A global optimization method proposed for nonlinear programming problems is adopted to optimize the values of the curing reaction parameters and the temperature history. First, the values of parameters in the functions determining the curing rate and viscosity are identified, and the curing rate and viscosity calculated using the values of the parameters agree well with the experimental data. Then, several optimization examples clarify features of the optimum heating temperature history. It is possible to increase the final curing rate to ensure adhesion and to control the viscosity in the bubble-removing process. The period in which bubbles are removed can be changed by the setting of the optimization parameters. It is also possible to minimize the heat input and ensure the required final curing rate. These results clarify that the temperature history for ACF interconnection can be determined accurately by the presented global optimization approach.

Investigating the Deformation, Breakage and Number on Conductive Particle of Flim-on-Glass Packaging Using Anisotropic Conductive Film Bonding

2017 ◽  
Vol 886 ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Ming Lin ◽  
Yung Chuan Chiou ◽  
Chun Yi Chu
Keyword(s):  
Side View ◽  
Anisotropic Conductive Film ◽  
Conductive Particle ◽  
Field Of Vision ◽  
Fine Pitch ◽  
Conductive Film ◽  
Bonding Properties ◽  
Free Material ◽  
Conductive Particles ◽  
Glass Packaging

Anisotropic conductive film (ACF), is a lead-free material that is commonly used in fine-pitch interconnect manufacturing to make and maintain the electrical and mechanical connections between the micro-electrodes. A key issue about the circuit conductivity is the deformation, breakage, and number of conductive particles in the ACF packaging. For the field of vision, the Film-On-Glass (FOG) assembly on the glass-side is used to obtain excellent images in experimental observation. This paper utilizes the microscope technology to investigate the bonding properties of the conductive particles, and consider the electrical resistance effects after packaging. The results show the deformation shape, breakage type, and number of conductive particles will be quantitatively affect the electrical performances, and one can measure the area, diameter, and roundness of the deformed particles’ projection in the glass-side view to evaluate the ACF packaging quality.

scholarly journals Selective Segmentation for Global Optimization of Depth Estimation in Complex Scenes

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Liu ◽  
Haiqiang Jin ◽  
Xiaojun Mao ◽  
Binbin Zhai ◽  
Ye Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Optimization ◽  
Stereo Matching ◽  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Depth Estimation ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Real Scene ◽  
Complex Scenes ◽  
Matching Cost ◽  
Image Pairs

This paper proposes a segmentation-based global optimization method for depth estimation. Firstly, for obtaining accurate matching cost, the original local stereo matching approach based on self-adapting matching window is integrated with two matching cost optimization strategies aiming at handling both borders and occlusion regions. Secondly, we employ a comprehensive smooth term to satisfy diverse smoothness request in real scene. Thirdly, a selective segmentation term is used for enforcing the plane trend constraints selectively on the corresponding segments to further improve the accuracy of depth results from object level. Experiments on the Middlebury image pairs show that the proposed global optimization approach is considerably competitive with other state-of-the-art matching approaches.

Deformation of Conductive Particles and Reliability of Electronic Devices Using COG

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Akiguchi ◽  
Hideo Koguchi ◽  
M. Yamaguchi ◽  
A. Takayasu
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Anisotropic Conductive Film ◽  
Conductive Film ◽  
Conductive Particles

Following the increasing adoption of TFT-type LCD modules in mobile and other equipment, COG (chip-on-glass) mounting is being increasingly employed instead of TCP (tape carrier package) mounting to make LCD modules smaller, thinner, and cheaper. Since the IC and LCD panel electrodes are bonded together by the conductive particles embedded in ACF (anisotropic conductive film), the bonding conditions depend substantially on the respective characteristics of the IC electrodes and the conductive particles in the ACF. We examined the effects of the arrangement, area and material properties of IC electrodes and of the profile and material properties of conductive ACF particles.

Moisture Effects on the Reliability of Anisotropic Conductive Film Interconnection for Flip Chip on Flex Applications

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyan Yin ◽  
Hua Lu ◽  
Chris Bailey ◽  
Yan-Cheong Chan
Keyword(s):  
Contact Resistance ◽  
Flip Chip ◽  
Semiconductor Industry ◽  
Moisture Diffusion ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Anisotropic Conductive Film ◽  
Conductive Films ◽  
Conductive Film ◽  
Moisture Effects ◽  
Conductive Particles

Anisotropic conductive film (ACF) which consists of an adhesive epoxy matrix and randomly distributed conductive particles are widely used as the connection material for electronic devices with high I/O counts. However, for the semiconductor industry the reliability of the ACF is still a major concern due to a lack of experimental reliability data. This paper reports the investigations into the moisture-induced failures in Flip-Chip-on-Flex interconnections with Anisotropic Conductive Films (ACFs). Both experimental and modeling methods were applied. In the experiments, the contact resistance was used as a quality indicator and was measured continuously during the accelerated tests (autoclave tests). The temperature, relative humidity and the pressure were set at 121°C, 100%RH, and 2atm respectively. The contact resistance of the ACF joints increased during the tests and nearly 25% of the joints were found to be open after 168 hours’ testing time. Visible conduction gaps between the adhesive and substrate pads were observed. Cracks at the adhesive/flex interface were also found. For a better understanding of the experimental results, 3-D Finite Element (FE) models were built and a macro-micro modeling method was used to determine the moisture diffusion and moisture-induced stresses inside the ACF joints. Modeling results are consistent with the findings in the experimental work.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Strategic Games with Multiple Nash Equilibria - A Global Optimization Approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hime Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Global Optimization ◽  
Nash Equilibrium ◽  
Nash Equilibria ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Strategic Games ◽  
Finite State ◽  
Payoff Functions ◽  
Multiple Nash Equilibria

This paper presents an extension of the resuts obtained in previous work by the author concerning the application of global optimization techniques to the design of finite strategic games with mixed strategies. In that publication the Fuzzy ASA global optimization method was applied to many examples of synthesis of strategic games with one previously specified Nash equilibrium, evidencing its ability in finding payoff functions whose respective games present those equilibria, possibly among others. That is to say, it was shown it is possible to establish in advance a Nash equilibrium for a generic finite state strategic game and to compute payoff functions that will make it feasible to reach the chosen equilibrium, allowing players to converge to the desired profile, considering that it is an equilibrium of the game as well. Going beyond this state of affairs, the present article shows that it is possible to "impose" multiple Nash equilibria to finite strategic games by following the same reasoning as before, but with a slight change: using the same fundamental theorem of Richard D. McKelvey, modifying the original prescribed objective function and globally minimizing it. The proposed method, in principle, is able to find payoff functions that result in games featuring an arbitrary number of Nash equiibria, paving the way to a substantial number of potential applications.

The Application of the Combination of Monte Carlo Optimization Method based QSAR Modeling and Molecular Docking in Drug Design and Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 1389-1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Zivkovic ◽  
Marko Zlatanovic ◽  
Nevena Zlatanovic ◽  
Mladjan Golubović ◽  
Aleksandar M. Veselinović
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Computer Calculation ◽  
Molecular Graph ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Qsar Modeling ◽  
Monte Carlo Optimization ◽  
Molecular Docking Studies

In recent years, one of the promising approaches in the QSAR modeling Monte Carlo optimization approach as conformation independent method, has emerged. Monte Carlo optimization has proven to be a valuable tool in chemoinformatics, and this review presents its application in drug discovery and design. In this review, the basic principles and important features of these methods are discussed as well as the advantages of conformation independent optimal descriptors developed from the molecular graph and the Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System (SMILES) notation compared to commonly used descriptors in QSAR modeling. This review presents the summary of obtained results from Monte Carlo optimization-based QSAR modeling with the further addition of molecular docking studies applied for various pharmacologically important endpoints. SMILES notation based optimal descriptors, defined as molecular fragments, identified as main contributors to the increase/ decrease of biological activity, which are used further to design compounds with targeted activity based on computer calculation, are presented. In this mini-review, research papers in which molecular docking was applied as an additional method to design molecules to validate their activity further, are summarized. These papers present a very good correlation among results obtained from Monte Carlo optimization modeling and molecular docking studies.

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