A Model for Solar Photocatalytic Mineralization

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franck Correia ◽  
Vincent Goetz ◽  
Gaël Plantard ◽  
Daniel Sacco
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Artificial Uv ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Adjustment Of Parameters

Modeling the mineralization of an organic pollutant was studied using a slurry of TiO2 powder. 2-4 dichlorophenol was chosen as the target molecule. In a first stage, a study was carried out, on the basis of a semi-empirical approach in order to define the optimal concentration of the catalyst. In a second stage, a series of photocatalytic mineralization was performed with a laboratory set-up using an artificial UV source. The parameters involved in the kinetics of mineralization were identified by a comparison of results obtained by simulations and experiments at constant but different levels of irradiation. In a third stage, the robustness and suitability of the model were tested with experiments carried out with an experimental solar set-up with different dimensions. No supplementary adjustment of parameters was needed to simulate the experiments performed under unsteady irradiation. Finally, the model is used to illustrate the great variation in treatment capability of a solar photocatalytic process depending on the weather conditions and, more particularly, the seasonal variations in UV irradiation.

Development of dwelling in the downstream area of the Nakdong River in Proto-Three Kingdoms Period

2018 ◽  
pp. 61-85
Keyword(s):  
Second Century ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Nakdong River ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The Nakdong River ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Time Specific ◽  
Location Type ◽  
Downstream Area

This paper examines the developments of dwelling in the downstream area of the Nakdong River during the Proto-Three Kingdoms Period. In the middle of the 2nd century BC, the period of the 2nd century AD was divided into three stages according to the advanced years suggested by advanced researchers. The first stage is the second stage of the first century BC, and the second stage is the second stage of the second century BC. The third stage consisted of the earthenware pottery as the second century. The area was mainly located in Gimhae, Changwon, and Busan, which are located in the lower part of the Nakdong River, and the relics were set up in a residential area located about 5 km from the tomb site. As a result, the selected dwellings are located in 12 places, and the steps are set up referring to the earthenware excavated from the dwellings and tombs. Residential areas classified by phase were analyzed for attributes by location type, plane type, fire facility, and Columna layout and were derived using a combination of time-specific plane forms, fire facility and Columna layout. The type is set for the following types of dwellings : ‘A-a-ㄱ, A-a-ㄷ, A-d-ㄱ, A-d-ㄷ, B-a-ㄷ, B-b1-ㄷ, B-d-ㄷ ’. A local review of the dwelling corresponding to III stage was attempted. As a result, it was found that fire facilities differed and generally preferred wall columna arrangements. The development of the dwelling by level was examined by referring to the natural environment, nearby sites, and documents. The dwelling was located in the hills around the coast and the river to ensure safety, but it seems to have grown by touching the new culture through communication with others.

scholarly journals Orchestrating collaborative projects: Inside ICT networks in Horizon 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-409
Author(s):  
Simen G Enger ◽  
Magnus Gulbrandsen
Keyword(s):  
Main Idea ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Research Organizations ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Eu

Abstract This article investigates decisions taken at the project level in establishing and managing collaborative ICT projects under the European Framework Programme Horizon 2020. Based on interviews with project coordinators from European research organizations, we offer a detailed examination of how projects are built and managed, and how decisions influence the formation of collaborative networks. Projects are typically set up in three stages. In the first, a smaller group that has worked together before decides on the main idea. This leads in the second stage to a gradual invitation of partners to satisfy professional and formal demands, which also defines the structure of the project. If funded, more detailed decisions on ownership and interaction are taken in the third stage. Coordinators are under pressure from the regulatory control of the EU Commission, which can explain the strong preference for well-known partners, but the formal monitoring also provides tools for project managers.

scholarly journals Modelling the Kinetics of Elements Release from a Zeolitic-Rich Tuff

Environments ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Eleonora Grilli ◽  
Antonio Ganga ◽  
Stefano Salvestrini
Keyword(s):  
Power Function ◽  
Empirical Equation ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Zeolite Framework ◽  
Release Process ◽  
Weathering Processes ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Elovich Equation ◽  
Kinetics Of

The present investigation aims at modeling the kinetics of elements (Fe, Mg, K, Ca, Na, Al, and Si) release from zeolitic-rich Phlegraean Yellow Tuff weathered by tannic acid solutions at different concentration. Three equations were tested—power function, the Weber–Morris model, and the Elovich equation. Power function was revealed to be an excellent empirical equation well fitted to the experimental data. Its numerical parameters were suitable predictive tools, highlighting both the intensity and modality of weathering processes. By paralleling the dissolution rates, it was possible to allow rock-sources from which elements were released during three distinct weathering stages—(i) the first stage was dominated by biotite and amorphous weathering, (ii) the second stage also started with the breakdown of zeolite framework; and (iii) in the third stage, the whole of weathering/release process approached a steady state. Finally, these outcomes may be used to forecast the pedogenic/nutritional potential of zeolitic-rich tuffs as pedotechnical matrices in restoration design.

AN AUSTRALIAN GEODATA SYSTEM

1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Michael J. Gahan
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Contour Maps ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Routine Work ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Areas Of Interest

Australia is in a very favourable position to set up a central petroleum industry data system particularly as no regional system is yet in operation. Large accessible computers are already available and other countries' experience ensures that a practical system can be evolved.There are three stages to be contemplated:The data input,Simple retrieval,Retrieval and processing.The first stage involves massive and for the most part, routine work but also includes problems of confidential information and interpretation. The second stage is useful for obtaining statistical information and to facilitate literature search. The third stage is open-ended encompassing automatic well correlations, contour maps, seismic cross-sections, reservoir estimations, etc.The Australian situation requires stage 1 and 2 to be introduced as soon as possible. Stage 3 is not recommended until more subsurface data has been obtained. Instead, a microfilm library of the most requested records could be accumulated.Most operating systems are under-used due to unfamiliarity. This can be overcome by supplying a regular output of information on areas of interest.

Continuous Quantitative Monitoring of Mural, Platelet-Dependent, Thrombus Kinetics in the Crushed Rat Femoral Vein

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (04) ◽  
pp. 425-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Stockmans ◽  
H Deckmyn ◽  
J Gruwez ◽  
J Vermylen ◽  
R Acland
Keyword(s):  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Digital Analysis ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Quantitative Monitoring ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Quantitative Nature

SummaryA new in vivo method to study the size and dynamics of a growing mural thrombus was set up in the rat femoral vein. The method uses a standardized crush injury to induce a thrombus, and a newly developed transilluminator combined with digital analysis of video recordings. Thrombi in this model formed rapidly, reaching a maximum size 391 ± 35 sec following injury, after which they degraded with a half-life of 197 ± 31 sec. Histological examination indicated that the thrombi consisted mainly of platelets. The quantitative nature of the transillumination technique was demonstrated by simultaneous measurement of the incorporation of 111In labeled platelets into the thrombus. Thrombus formation, studied at 30 min interval in both femoral veins, showed satisfactory reproducibility overall and within a given animalWith this method we were able to induce a thrombus using a clinically relevant injury and to monitor continuously and reproducibly the kinetics of thrombus formation in a vessel of clinically and surgically relevant size

The Coherence of Mary Barton: Romance, Realism, and Utopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-200
Author(s):  
Robert Z. Birdwell
Keyword(s):  
Thomas Carlyle ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Mode Of Production

Critics have argued that Elizabeth Gaskell's first novel, Mary Barton (1848), is split by a conflict between the modes of realism and romance. But the conflict does not render the novel incoherent, because Gaskell surpasses both modes through a utopian narrative that breaks with the conflict of form and gives coherence to the whole novel. Gaskell not only depicts what Thomas Carlyle called the ‘Condition of England’ in her work but also develops, through three stages, the utopia that will redeem this condition. The first stage is romantic nostalgia, a backward glance at Eden from the countryside surrounding Manchester. The second stage occurs in Manchester, as Gaskell mixes romance with a realistic mode, tracing a utopian drive toward death. The third stage is the utopian break with romantic and realistic accounts of the Condition of England and with the inadequate preceding conceptions of utopia. This third stage transforms narrative modes and figures a new mode of production.

How well do voice-hearing assessment measures capture the positive experiences of individuals?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Armstrong ◽  
Lorna Hogg ◽  
Pamela Charlotte Jacobsen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Hearing Assessment ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Assessment Measures ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
The Voice

The first stage of this project aims to identify assessment measures which include items on voice-hearing by way of a systematic review. The second stage is the development of a brief framework of categories of positive experiences of voice hearing, using a triangulated approach, drawing on views from both professionals and people with lived experience. The third stage will involve using the framework to identify any positve aspects of voice-hearing included in the voice hearing assessments identified in stage 1.

Modelling of impregnation of γ-alumina with cobalt and molybdenum salts. CoCl2-(NH4)2MoO4-γ-Al2O3 (aluminate type) system

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Hanika ◽  
Vladimír Janoušek ◽  
Karel Sporka
Keyword(s):  
Effective Diffusion ◽  
Type System ◽  
Catalyst Particle ◽  
Ammonium Molybdate ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Model Set ◽  
Cobalt Dichloride ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Electron Microanalysis ◽  
Kinetics Of

Adsorption data for the impregnation of alumina with an aqueous solution of cobalt dichloride and ammonium molybdate were treated in terms of the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and compared with a mathematical model set up to describe the kinetics of simultaneous impregnation of a support by two components. The effective diffusion coefficients of the two components at 25 °C in a cylindrical particle of alumina were obtained. The validity of the model used was verified qualitatively by comparing the numerical results with the experimental time dependent concentration profiles of the active components in a catalyst particle, measured by electron microanalysis technique.

scholarly journals When the World Breaks Down: A 3-Stage Existential Model of Nihilism in Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Philipp Klar ◽  
Georg Northoff
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
First Person ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Existential Crisis ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The World ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Pathological Development ◽  
Sense Of Reality ◽  
Intentional Structure

The existential crisis of nihilism in schizophrenia has been reported since the early days of psychiatry. Taking first-person accounts concerning nihilistic experiences of both the self and the world as vantage point, we aim to develop a dynamic existential model of the pathological development of existential nihilism. Since the phenomenology of such a crisis is intrinsically subjective, we especially take the immediate and pre-reflective first-person perspective’s (FPP) experience (instead of objectified symptoms and diagnoses) of schizophrenia into consideration. The hereby developed existential model consists of 3 conceptualized stages that are nested into each other, which defines what we mean by existential. At the same time, the model intrinsically converges with the phenomenological concept of the self-world structure notable inside our existential framework. Regarding the 3 individual stages, we suggest that the onset or first stage of nihilistic pathogenesis is reflected by phenomenological solipsism, that is, a general disruption of the FPP experience. Paradigmatically, this initial disruption contains the well-known crisis of common sense in schizophrenia. The following second stage of epistemological solipsism negatively affects all possible perspectives of experience, that is, the first-, second-, and third-person perspectives of subjectivity. Therefore, within the second stage, solipsism expands from a disruption of immediate and pre-reflective experience (first stage) to a disruption of reflective experience and principal knowledge (second stage), as mirrored in abnormal epistemological limitations of principal knowledge. Finally, the experience of the annihilation of healthy self-consciousness into the ultimate collapse of the individual’s existence defines the third stage. The schizophrenic individual consequently loses her/his vital experience since the intentional structure of consciousness including any sense of reality breaks down. Such a descriptive-interpretative existential model of nihilism in schizophrenia may ultimately serve as input for future psychopathological investigations of nihilism in general, including, for instance, its manifestation in depression.

scholarly journals Prediction of Pest Insect Appearance Using Sensors and Machine Learning

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4846
Author(s):  
Dušan Marković ◽  
Dejan Vujičić ◽  
Snežana Tanasković ◽  
Borislav Đorđević ◽  
Siniša Ranđić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Accuracy Of Prediction

The appearance of pest insects can lead to a loss in yield if farmers do not respond in a timely manner to suppress their spread. Occurrences and numbers of insects can be monitored through insect traps, which include their permanent touring and checking of their condition. Another more efficient way is to set up sensor devices with a camera at the traps that will photograph the traps and forward the images to the Internet, where the pest insect’s appearance will be predicted by image analysis. Weather conditions, temperature and relative humidity are the parameters that affect the appearance of some pests, such as Helicoverpa armigera. This paper presents a model of machine learning that can predict the appearance of insects during a season on a daily basis, taking into account the air temperature and relative humidity. Several machine learning algorithms for classification were applied and their accuracy for the prediction of insect occurrence was presented (up to 76.5%). Since the data used for testing were given in chronological order according to the days when the measurement was performed, the existing model was expanded to take into account the periods of three and five days. The extended method showed better accuracy of prediction and a lower percentage of false detections. In the case of a period of five days, the accuracy of the affected detections was 86.3%, while the percentage of false detections was 11%. The proposed model of machine learning can help farmers to detect the occurrence of pests and save the time and resources needed to check the fields.

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