Energy Harvesting From Impulsive Loads Using Intentional Essential Nonlinearities

2010 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Dane Quinn ◽  
Angela L. Triplett ◽  
Alexander F. Vakakis ◽  
Lawrence A. Bergman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Piezoelectric Element ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Harmonic Excitation ◽  
Frequency Interval ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Nonlinear Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvesting System ◽  
Energy Harvesting Devices

Energy harvesting devices designed with intentional nonlinearities offer the possibility of increased performance under broadband excitations and realistic environmental conditions. This work considers an energy harvesting system based on the response of an attachment with strong nonlinear behavior. The electromechanical coupling is achieved with a piezoelectric element across a resistive load. When the system is subject to harmonic excitation, the harvested power from the nonlinear system exhibits a wider interval of frequencies over which the harvested power is significant, although an equivalent linear device offers greater efficiency at its design frequency. However, for impulsive excitation, the performance of the nonlinear harvesting system exceeds the corresponding linear system in terms of both magnitude of power harvested and the frequency interval over which significant power can be drawn from the mechanical vibrations.

Energy Harvesting From an Impulsive Load With Essential Nonlinearities

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Triplett ◽  
D. Dane Quinn ◽  
Alexander F. Vakakis ◽  
Lawrence A. Bergman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Harmonic Excitation ◽  
Frequency Interval ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Mechanical Coupling ◽  
Nonlinear Harvesting ◽  
Term Energy

Vibration based energy harvesting, whereby mechanical energy is converted to electrical energy that can be stored and later used, offers the possibility of a long-term energy source under many realistic environmental conditions. This work considers an energy harvesting system based on the response of an attachment with strong nonlinear behavior. The electro-mechanical coupling is achieved with a piezo-electric element across a resistive load. When the system is subject to harmonic excitation, the harvested power from the nonlinear system exhibits a wider interval of frequencies over which the harvested power is significant, although an equivalent linear device offers greater efficiency at its design frequency. However, under impulsive excitation the performance of the nonlinear harvesting system exceeds the corresponding linear system in terms of both magnitude of power harvested and the frequency interval over which significant power can be drawn from the mechanical vibrations.

Experimental Investigation of Energy Harvesting With Essential Nonlinearities

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Triplett ◽  
D. Dane Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Electromagnetic Coupling ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Piezoelectric Element ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Harmonic Excitation ◽  
Linear Oscillator ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Sufficient Energy

The advancement of technology of portable electronics and devices has increased the need for self-sufficient energy sources. This work investigates the potentiality of a vibration-based energy harvesting system based on the response of an attachment with strong nonlinear behavior. The electromagnetic coupling is achieved by a piezoelectric element across a resistive load. Typical designs utilize a linear oscillator, which limits the peak harvesting performance to a narrow band of frequencies about the natural frequency of the oscillator. An essentially nonlinear cubic oscillator is shown, with proper design, to significantly improve the range of frequencies for sufficient harvesting when compared with a tuned linear oscillator design. Numerical simulations of the proposed model reveal this wider band of frequencies harvest significant power when the system is subjected to harmonic excitation. A physical model was developed and the acquired instantaneous voltage was recorded to calculate the average power over a resistive load and to experimentally validate the numerical simulations.

A parametric analysis of the nonlinear dynamics of bistable vibration-based piezoelectric energy harvesters

2020 ◽  
pp. 1045389X2096318
Author(s):  
Luã Guedes Costa ◽  
Luciana Loureiro da Silva Monteiro ◽  
Pedro Manuel Calas Lopes Pacheco ◽  
Marcelo Amorim Savi
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Dynamics ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Parametric Analysis ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Harmonic Excitation ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Harvesting Systems

Piezoelectric materials exhibit electromechanical coupling properties and have been gained importance over the last few decades due to their broad range of applications. Vibration-based energy harvesting systems have been proposed using the direct piezoelectric effect by converting mechanical into electrical energy. Although the great relevance of these systems, performance enhancement strategies are essential to improve the applicability of these system and have been studied substantially. This work addresses a numerical investigation of the influence of cubic polynomial nonlinearities in energy harvesting systems considering a bistable structure subjected to harmonic excitation. A deep parametric analysis is carried out employing nonlinear dynamics tools. Results show complex dynamical behaviors associated with the trigger of inter-well motion. Electrical power output and efficiency are monitored in order to evaluate the configurations associated with best system performances.

The Application of Electrode Design in Vibrating Piezoceramic Plate for Energy Harvesting System

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hsi Huang ◽  
Ching-Kong Chao ◽  
Wan-Ting Chou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Coupling Efficiency ◽  
Vibration Characteristics ◽  
Mode Shapes ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Piezoceramic Plate ◽  
Resonant Frequencies ◽  
Energy Harvesting System

The energy harvesting system of piezoceramic plate is studied on the electrode configuration to improve the electromechanical transferring efficiency. The piezoceramic plate is used to perform the vibration characteristics by experimental measurements and finite element method (FEM). Thereafter, the dynamic characteristics and the electromechanical coupling efficiency of the piezoelectric energy harvesting system are studied by the electrode design method of the piezoceramic plate. Several experimental techniques are used to measure the dynamic characteristics of piezoceramic plate. First, the full-filed optical technique, amplitude-fluctuation electronic speckle pattern interferometry (AF-ESPI), can measure simultaneously the resonant frequencies and mode shapes for out-of-plane and in-plane vibrations. Second, the pointwisely measuring system, laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV), can obtain resonant frequencies by dynamic signal swept-sine analysis. Third, the correspondent in-plane resonant frequencies and anti-resonant frequencies are obtained by impedance analysis. The experimental results of vibration characteristics are verified with numerical calculations. Besides the dynamic characteristics of piezoceramic plates are analyzed in converse piezoelectric effect, the direct piezoelectric effect of piezoceramic plates are excited by shaker to generate the electric voltage. It has excellent consistence between resonant frequencies and mode shapes on the vibration characteristics by experimental measurements and finite element numerical calculations. In this study, the Electrical Potential Gradient (EPG) calculated by FEM is proposed to evaluate the electromechanical coupling efficiency of piezoceramic plate on the specific vibration mode. The correspondent electrode configuration, which is designed by EPG, can produce the best electromechanical transfer both in direct and converse piezoelectric effects. It is concluded that the vibration characteristics of piezoelectric materials have excellent consistence determined by experimental measurements and FEM.

Theoretical and experimental studies of a piezoelectric ring energy harvester

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 998-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
XF Zhang ◽  
HS Tzou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Practical Applications

Based on the electromechanical coupling of piezoelectricity, a piezoelectric ring energy harvester is designed and tested in this study, such that the harvester can be used to power electric devices in the closed-circuit condition. Output energies across the external resistive load are evaluated when the ring energy harvester is subjected to harmonic excitations, and various design parameters are discussed to maximize the power output. In order to validate the theoretical energy harvesting results, laboratory experiments are conducted. Comparing experiment results with theoretical ones, the errors between them are under 10% for the output voltage. Laboratory experiments demonstrate that the ring energy harvester is workable in practical applications.

Field Test and Characteristic Analysis of Railroad Track Vibration Energy Harvester

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianyong Zuo ◽  
Jie Yu ◽  
Cheng Liu ◽  
Yihao Gu ◽  
Lei Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Railway Track ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Peak Voltage ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Energy Harvesting System

Abstract Railroad vibration energy harvester has been researched and developed to harness the energy from the vibration of railway track when the trains pass. The vibrational energy could be transformed into electrical energy using mechanical motion rectification (MMR) mechanism and then further be used to power trackside equipment including sensors and some smart electrical devices. In order to test the performance of the MMR railroad energy harvesting system, a series of infield tests were conducted with a self-developed distributed measurement system in Railroad Test Lab at Tongji University. A 10V peak voltage was achieved with 8 Ohms external resistive load at the train speed of 30 km/h, which was consistent with the result of in-lab bench tests. In addition, some experience of design and installation for the motioned based energy harvesting system was gained, which can provide some references for the future improvement of railroad energy harvesting systems.

Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting From Roadways Based on Pavement Compatible Package

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
He Zhang ◽  
Kangxu Huang ◽  
Zhicheng Zhang ◽  
Tao Xiang ◽  
Liwei Quan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Scaling Law ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Simple Scaling ◽  
Energy Harvesting System ◽  
Combined Parameters

Scavenging mechanical energy from the deformation of roadways using piezoelectric energy transformers has been intensively explored and exhibits a promising potential for engineering applications. We propose here a new packaging method that exploits MC nylon and epoxy resin as the main protective materials for the piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) device. Wheel tracking tests are performed, and an electromechanical model is developed to double evaluate the efficiency of the PEH device. Results indicate that reducing the embedded depth of the piezoelectric chips may enhance the output power of the PEH device. A simple scaling law is established to show that the normalized output power of the energy harvesting system relies on two combined parameters, i.e., the normalized electrical resistive load and normalized embedded depth. It suggests that the output power of the system may be maximized by properly selecting the geometrical, material, and circuit parameters in a combined manner. This strategy might also provide a useful guideline for optimization of piezoelectric energy harvesting system in practical roadway applications.

scholarly journals Vibration energy harvesting: A review

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 1930001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwesa Mohanty ◽  
Suraj Parida ◽  
Rabindra Kumar Behera ◽  
Tarapada Roy
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Portable Power ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Energy Harvesting System ◽  
Energy Harvesting Devices

This study is based on energy harvesting from vibration and deals with the comparison of different techniques. In the present scenario, energy harvesting has drawn the attention of researchers due to a rapid increase in the use of wireless and small-scale devices. So, there is a huge thirst among scientists to develop permanent portable power sources. In the surroundings, a lot of unutilized energy is wasted which can be collected and used for power generation. Research works have been extensively carried out to develop energy harvesting devices catering to the increasing needs of being efficient and economical. Effective energy harvesting mainly depends on the design of the transducer. Different types of design techniques, material properties, and availability of energy harvesters are reviewed in this paper. The paper aims to explore the advantages and limitations of different energy harvesting principles, advances, and findings of the recent past. This study also discusses some of the key ideas for the enhancement of power output. This paper provides a broad view of the energy harvesting system to the learners, which will facilitate them to design more efficient energy harvesting devices by using different principles.

Powering Pacemakers With a Nonlinear Hybrid Rotary-Translational Energy Harvester

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Kuch ◽  
M. Amin Karami
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Sine Wave ◽  
Translational Energy ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Energy Harvesting System ◽  
Energy Harvesting Devices ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Nonlinear Hybrid

An application of a nonlinear Hybrid Rotary-Translational (HRT) generator is presented. An HRT generator differs from traditional energy harvesting devices in that it has the ability to harvest multi-axis base excitation. The device consists of a pendulum-like system whose rotations are caused by the base excitations. The swinging pendulum is coupled to a direct current micro generator to generate electricity. The considered application is the energy harvesting from heartbeat induced vibrations. The motivation behind studying the effectiveness of this application comes from battery hindrance. The use of relatively large batteries to power pacemakers presents many medical problems, including increasing the size of the device to accommodate the battery causing surgery complications as well as needing periodic battery replacement. An energy harvesting device can eliminate the need for such a battery, relying instead on the power generated by the beating heart. The nonlinearity of the device allows constant power to be generated across a wider range of frequencies (heartbeats per minute). The contractions of the heart are considered to be the base excitations of the device, causing the pendulum to swing. To validate and then optimize the design of the HRT system, the behavior and the power generation of the system will be studied under different parameters: size of generator, mass and length of pendulum components as well as frequency of heart beats (beats per minute). This presents an interesting design problem whose goal is to find the best HRT parameters that would result in generating the sufficient amounts of power required by pacemakers. A method in approximating the nonlinear dynamics of the electro-mechanical energy harvesting system is also presented. By studying the analytical solutions to the nonlinear electromechanical system under a sine wave excitation, we can gain insight into the problem. The extent of this paper will only cover the analytical solution to the vertically excited pendulum. Perturbation methods, specifically the multiple scales method will be employed to study the effects of forcing amplitude and frequency on the system behavior and the energy harvesting system.

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