Assessment of Tensile and Creep Data for Types 304 and 316 Stainless Steel

1977 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Sikka ◽  
M. K. Booker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Creep Properties ◽  
316 Stainless Steel ◽  
States Data ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

An evaluation is presented for variations in tensile and creep properties of types 304 and 316 stainless steels. United States data and data from two foreign countries, Japan (NRIM data) and Britain (BSCC data), were evaluated for different products separately and for the combined data on all products. United States data were shown to contain the largest variations in both tensile and creep properties, with Japanese data the least. For a given country no distinction could be made in variations in tensile properties of types 304 and 316 stainless steels but variations in standard error of estimate (SEE) for all creep properties analyzed were significantly lower for type 316 stainless steel than corresponding variations in creep properties of type 304 stainless steel. The data from each of these countries showed the same creep rupture strength (at 104 hr) for type 316 stainless steel; this was not true for type 304 stainless steel. Results of the analysis performed in this paper showed that the U. S. and foreign data on types 304 and 316 stainless steels could possibly be combined for the determination of design stress intensity limits.

Molybdenum solubility differences in MC phases formed in titanium and niobium modified austenitic stainless steels determined using AEM

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 496-497
Author(s):  
P. J. Maziasz
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Elevated Temperature Strength ◽  
Helium Embrittlement ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

Molybdenum is added to improve elevated temperature strength and corrosion resistance for type 316 compared to type 304 stainless steel. Strong carbide forming elements, like titanium and niobium, are also added to these steels to improve creep strength and reduce stress corrosion cracking, as well as to improve resistance to irradiation induced swelling and helium embrittlement. This work shows that fairly pure TiC and NbC form in Ti- and Nb- stabilized versions of type 304 stainless steel (types 321 and 347, respectively); however, the Ti-rich MC dissolves Mo considerably whereas the NbC remains compositionally quite pure when these phases form in Ti- and Nb- modified type 316 stainless steels, respectively.

Effects of Chloride, Bromide, and Thiosulfate Ions on the Critical Conditions for Crevice Corrosion of Several Stainless Alloys as a Material for Geological Disposal Packages for Nuclear Waste

1992 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guen Nakayama ◽  
Hisao Wakamatsu ◽  
Masatsune Akashi
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Crevice Corrosion ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Geological Disposal ◽  
Steel Type ◽  
316 Stainless Steel ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

ABSTRACTIn addition to mild steel, several stainless alloys are being proposed as materials for packages for geological disposal of high-level nuclear waste. When buried deep underground, the greatest detriment to the integrity of packages made of these alloys is localized corrosion, for which critical conditions for initiation of crevice corrosion in chloride environments, with or without other ions, need be precisely known.Crevice corrosion behavior of Type 304 stainless steel, Type 316 stainless steel, Alloy 825, Ti-Gr.1, and Ti-Gr.12 in solutions containing ions of chloride, bromide (these two for their ordinary presence in natural waters), or thiosulphate (this for the likelihood of microbially influenced corrosion) to varying concentrations have been empirically examined. All of these alloys exhibit much the same concentration dependency of crevice corrosion sensitivity for chloride and bromide ions, while Type 304 stainless steel is particularly sensitive to the thiosulphate ion. The region of insensitivity for chloride ion is wider in the increasing order of Type 304 stainless steel, Type 316 stainless steel, Ti-Gr. 1, and Ti-Gr. 12, with that of Alloy 825 lying somewhere in between.

Intergranular Corrosion of Nonsensitized Austenitic Stainless Steels — 1. Environmental Variables

CORROSION ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 235-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. ARMIJO
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Intergranular Attack ◽  
Corrosion Reaction ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

Abstract Intergranular corrosion of nonsensitized stainless steels is reviewed, with emphasis on corrosion experienced in nitric-dichrornate solutions. Electrical resistance changes occurring during corrosion of Type 304 stainless ' steel in nitric-dichromate solutions are used to measure the rate of intergranular attack. Effects of HN03 concentration, Cr+6 concentration, temperature and stress on the intergranular corrosion reaction have been studied. The over-all corrosion reaction is found to consist of an incubation period, followed by a penetration period in which the rate of intergranular dissolution is linear. Measured activation energies for incubation and penetration periods are identical. The effect of applied stress is to increase both incubation and penetration rates. Low stress levels have greatest effect on the incubation rate, while high stress levels have greatest effect on the penetration rate. Appreciable grain boundary hardening is observed in nonsensitized Type 304 stainless steel. The grain boundary hardening is attributed to adsorbed impurities at grain boundaries. This segregation presents another variable which may be important in this type of intergranular attack.

Heat-to-Heat Variation in Creep Properties of Types 304 and 316 Stainless Steels

1975 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Sikka ◽  
H. E. McCoy ◽  
M. K. Booker ◽  
C. R. Brinkman
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Creep Rupture ◽  
Creep Rupture Strength ◽  
Creep Properties ◽  
316 Stainless Steel ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Type 304

A wide variation in creep-rupture and long-term creep properties of 20 heats of type 304 and seven heats of type 316 stainless steel was observed. The observed variation in 1000-hr creep-rupture strength, SRt, has been related to the corresponding ultimate tensile strength variation, Sur, by a relationship of the form: SRt=αexp(βSur), where α and β are material constants. This relationship between creep-rupture strength and ultimate tensile strength was further extended for minimum-expected 105-hr creep-rupture strength data reported in the literature. The heat-to-heat variation in ultimate tensile strength for both types 304 and 316 stailness steel was explained in terms of carbon plus nitrogen content and grain intercept, d, by a relationship of the form Sur = A(C + N)−1/2 + B, where A and B are constants for a given temperature. The time to onset of third-stage creep for various heats of type 304 and 316 stainless steel was related to time to rupture by relationships that are independent of test temperature, for test times reaching 22,622 hr.

OUTOKUMPU TYPE 630

Alloy Digest ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

Abstract Outokumpu Type 630 is a martensitic age hardenable alloy of composition 17Cr-4Ni. The alloy has high strength and corrosion resistance similar to that of Type 304 stainless steel. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SS-1238. Producer or source: Outokumpu High Performance Stainless.

Passivity of Type 304 Stainless Steel–Effect of Plastic Deformation

CORROSION ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 269-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Elayaperumal ◽  
P. K. De ◽  
J. Balachandra
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel
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